十一、健全法律法规标准和统计监测体系
XI. Improving Laws, Regulations, Standards and Statistical and Monitoring Systems文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/12424.html
文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/12424.html
（二十七）健全法律法规。全面清理现行法律法规中与碳达峰、碳中和工作不相适应的内容，加强法律法规间的衔接协调。研究制定碳中和专项法律，抓紧修订节约能源法、电力法、煤炭法、可再生能源法、循环经济促进法等，增强相关法律法规的针对性和有效性。文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/12424.html
文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/12424.html
27. Improving laws and regulations. We will remove the contents in existing laws and regulations that are incompatible with the task of carbon dioxide peaking and carbon neutrality and strengthen integration and coordination between laws and regulations. In addition to conducting research on formulating a specific law on carbon neutrality, we also need to expedite the revision of the Energy Conservation Law, the Electric Power Law, the Coal Industry Law, the Renewable Energy Law, the Law on Promoting the Circular Economy, and other laws to make relevant laws and regulations more targeted and effective.文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/12424.html
文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/12424.html
（二十八）完善标准计量体系。建立健全碳达峰、碳中和标准计量体系。加快节能标准更新升级，抓紧修订一批能耗限额、产品设备能效强制性国家标准和工程建设标准，提升重点产品能耗限额要求，扩大能耗限额标准覆盖范围，完善能源核算、检测认证、评估、审计等配套标准。加快完善地区、行业、企业、产品等碳排放核查核算报告标准，建立统一规范的碳核算体系。制定重点行业和产品温室气体排放标准，完善低碳产品标准标识制度。积极参与相关国际标准制定，加强标准国际衔接。文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/12424.html
文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/12424.html
28. Refining standard and measurement systems. We will improve standard and measurement systems for carbon dioxide peaking and carbon neutrality. We will accelerate the upgrading of energy conservation standards and promptly revise a number of mandatory national standards for energy consumption caps, compulsory national standards for the energy efficiency of equipment and products, and project construction standards. We need to raise the bar for energy consumption caps for key products, broaden the scope of standards for energy consumption caps, and improve energy accounting, testing certification, evaluation, auditing, and other complementary standards. We will speed up efforts to improve carbon emissions verification, accounting and reporting standards for regions, industries, businesses, and products and establish a unified, well-regulated carbon accounting system. We need to formulate standards for GHG emissions for key industries and products and improve the standard and labeling system for low-carbon products. We will take an active part in formulating relevant international standards and ensure domestic standards are consistent with international ones.文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/12424.html
文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/12424.html
（二十九）提升统计监测能力。健全电力、钢铁、建筑等行业领域能耗统计监测和计量体系，加强重点用能单位能耗在线监测系统建设。加强二氧化碳排放统计核算能力建设，提升信息化实测水平。依托和拓展自然资源调查监测体系，建立生态系统碳汇监测核算体系，开展森林、草原、湿地、海洋、土壤、冻土、岩溶等碳汇本底调查和碳储量评估，实施生态保护修复碳汇成效监测评估。
29. Enhancing statistical and monitoring capacity. We need to establish statistical, monitoring, and measurement systems for energy consumption in power generation, steel, construction, and other industries and sectors and further develop the online system for monitoring energy consumption by major consumers. We need to build our statistical and accounting capacity for CO2 emissions and enhance the quality of measurement through the use of information technology. Building on the natural resource survey and monitoring system, we will develop a system for ecosystem carbon sink monitoring and accounting, conduct background surveys on carbon sinks and assessments of carbon storage in forests, grasslands, wetlands, seas, soils, permafrost, and karst areas, and monitor and evaluate carbon sink capacities of protected and restored ecosystems.
十二、完善政策机制
XII. Improving Policy Mechanisms
（三十）完善投资政策。充分发挥政府投资引导作用，构建与碳达峰、碳中和相适应的投融资体系，严控煤电、钢铁、电解铝、水泥、石化等高碳项目投资，加大对节能环保、新能源、低碳交通运输装备和组织方式、碳捕集利用与封存等项目的支持力度。完善支持社会资本参与政策，激发市场主体绿色低碳投资活力。国有企业要加大绿色低碳投资，积极开展低碳零碳负碳技术研发应用。
30. Improving investment policies. To give full play to the guiding role of government investment, we need to build investment and financing systems tailored to the goals of carbon dioxide peaking and carbon neutrality. We will strictly control investment in high-carbon projects in areas such as coal-fired power, steel, electrolytic aluminum, cement, and petroleum chemicals production. We will increase support for projects concerning energy conservation and environment protection, new energy, low-carbon transportation modes and equipment, and carbon capture, utilization, and storage. We need to improve policies for encouraging the participation of nongovernmental capital and motivate market entities to invest in green and low-carbon solutions. State-owned enterprises will scale up green and low-carbon investment and work actively to research, develop, and practically apply low-carbon, zero-carbon, and carbon-negative technologies.
（三十一）积极发展绿色金融。有序推进绿色低碳金融产品和服务开发，设立碳减排货币政策工具，将绿色信贷纳入宏观审慎评估框架，引导银行等金融机构为绿色低碳项目提供长期限、低成本资金。鼓励开发性政策性金融机构按照市场化法治化原则为实现碳达峰、碳中和提供长期稳定融资支持。支持符合条件的企业上市融资和再融资用于绿色低碳项目建设运营，扩大绿色债券规模。研究设立国家低碳转型基金。鼓励社会资本设立绿色低碳产业投资基金。建立健全绿色金融标准体系。
31. Actively developing green finance. We need to promote the development of green and low-carbon financial products and services in an orderly manner. We will develop monetary policy tools to support carbon emission reduction. The green credit initiative should be included in the macro-prudential evaluation framework, and guidance will be given to banks and other financial institutions on providing long-term, low-cost capital to green and low-carbon projects. We need to encourage development and policy-backed financial institutions to provide continued long-term funding support for the goals of carbon dioxide peaking and carbon neutrality through market-oriented and law-based means. We will support qualified enterprises in going public and refinancing for the purpose of developing and running green and low-carbon projects, and we will increase green bonds. We need to carry out exploratory work on establishing a national fund for low-carbon transformation. Nongovernmental capital will be encouraged to set up green and low-carbon industrial investment funds. We will establish a sound system of standards for green finance.
（三十二）完善财税价格政策。各级财政要加大对绿色低碳产业发展、技术研发等的支持力度。完善政府绿色采购标准，加大绿色低碳产品采购力度。落实环境保护、节能节水、新能源和清洁能源车船税收优惠。研究碳减排相关税收政策。建立健全促进可再生能源规模化发展的价格机制。完善差别化电价、分时电价和居民阶梯电价政策。严禁对高耗能、高排放、资源型行业实施电价优惠。加快推进供热计量改革和按供热量收费。加快形成具有合理约束力的碳价机制。
32. Improving fiscal, tax and pricing policies. All levels of government must step up support for the development of green and low-carbon industries and their technological R&D efforts. We will refine the standards for green government procurement and step up procurement of green and low-carbon products. We will implement preferential tax policies for environment protection, energy and water conservation, new energy, and clean-energy vehicles and vessels. We will conduct research on formulating tax policies to support carbon emission reduction. We need to improve sound pricing mechanisms for promoting the large-scale development of renewable energy. We need to improve policies on differentiated electricity charges, time-of-use electricity pricing, and tiered pricing for household electricity consumption. Preferential electricity pricing must not be offered to energy-intensive, emission-intensive, or resource-consuming industries. We need to accelerate reforms on heat metering to promote metered charging based on usage. We need to speed up efforts to set up a rational binding mechanism for carbon pricing.
（三十三）推进市场化机制建设。依托公共资源交易平台，加快建设完善全国碳排放权交易市场，逐步扩大市场覆盖范围，丰富交易品种和交易方式，完善配额分配管理。将碳汇交易纳入全国碳排放权交易市场，建立健全能够体现碳汇价值的生态保护补偿机制。健全企业、金融机构等碳排放报告和信息披露制度。完善用能权有偿使用和交易制度，加快建设全国用能权交易市场。加强电力交易、用能权交易和碳排放权交易的统筹衔接。发展市场化节能方式，推行合同能源管理，推广节能综合服务。
33. Developing market-based mechanisms. Relying on trading platforms for public resources, we need to accelerate the development of the national market for trading carbon emission permits by gradually expanding its coverage, diversifying trading types and means, and improving the allocation and management of allowances. Carbon sink trading will be incorporated into the national carbon market, and an ecological compensation mechanism that reflects the value of carbon sinks will be established. The carbon emission reporting and information disclosure systems for enterprises and financial institutions need to be improved. We need to improve the systems for the paid use and trade of energy consumption permits and speed up the development of a national market for such permits. We need to better coordinate and align the trading of electricity, energy consumption permits, and carbon emission permits. We need to develop market-based means for energy conservation, carry out contracted energy management, and promote comprehensive energy conservation services.
十三、切实加强组织实施
XIII. Strengthening Organization and Implementation
（三十四）加强组织领导。加强党中央对碳达峰、碳中和工作的集中统一领导，碳达峰碳中和工作领导小组指导和统筹做好碳达峰、碳中和工作。支持有条件的地方和重点行业、重点企业率先实现碳达峰，组织开展碳达峰、碳中和先行示范，探索有效模式和有益经验。将碳达峰、碳中和作为干部教育培训体系重要内容，增强各级领导干部推动绿色低碳发展的本领。
34. Strengthening organization and leadership. The CPC Central Committee will strengthen its centralized, unified leadership over the efforts to peak carbon dioxide emissions and achieve carbon neutrality, and the Leading Group on Carbon Peaking and Carbon Neutrality will guide and coordinate these efforts. We will support localities with the favorable conditions, key industries and key enterprises in taking the lead in carbon dioxide peaking, and we will organize and carry out demonstrations on carbon dioxide peaking and carbon neutrality as a way to develop effective methods and useful practices. Carbon dioxide peaking and carbon neutrality will be an important part of the officials education and training system to strengthen the ability of officials at all levels to effectively promote green and low-carbon development.
（三十五）强化统筹协调。国家发展改革委要加强统筹，组织落实2030年前碳达峰行动方案，加强碳中和工作谋划，定期调度各地区各有关部门落实碳达峰、碳中和目标任务进展情况，加强跟踪评估和督促检查，协调解决实施中遇到的重大问题。各有关部门要加强协调配合，形成工作合力，确保政策取向一致、步骤力度衔接。
35. Strengthening overall coordination. To strengthen overall coordination, the National Development and Reform Commission will work with local authorities and relevant government departments to organize the implementation of the Action Plan for Carbon Dioxide Peaking before 2030. It will ensure alignment between the work progress of all localities and relevant departments on a regular basis, strengthening tracking, evaluations, supervision, and inspections and coordinating efforts to resolve major issues during implementation. Relevant departments must increase coordination and cooperation, foster strong synergies, and ensure policies are consistent in direction and their implementation is well-aligned.
（三十六）压实地方责任。落实领导干部生态文明建设责任制，地方各级党委和政府要坚决扛起碳达峰、碳中和责任，明确目标任务，制定落实举措，自觉为实现碳达峰、碳中和作出贡献。
36. Reinforcing local responsibility. As per the leading official responsibility system for promoting ecological civilization, local CPC committees and governments at all levels must resolutely shoulder their responsibilities concerning carbon dioxide peaking and carbon neutrality. They must set clear goals and tasks, formulate implementation measures, and consciously contribute to the endeavor to peak carbon dioxide emissions and achieve carbon neutrality.
（三十七）严格监督考核。各地区要将碳达峰、碳中和相关指标纳入经济社会发展综合评价体系，增加考核权重，加强指标约束。强化碳达峰、碳中和目标任务落实情况考核，对工作突出的地区、单位和个人按规定给予表彰奖励，对未完成目标任务的地区、部门依规依法实行通报批评和约谈问责，有关落实情况纳入中央生态环境保护督察。各地区各有关部门贯彻落实情况每年向党中央、国务院报告。
37. Tightening oversight and assessment. All local authorities must build targets for carbon dioxide peaking and carbon neutrality and incorporate them into their comprehensive assessment systems for economic and social development, assign them greater weight in assessments, and make them more binding. Performance assessments for goals and tasks related to carbon dioxide peaking and carbon neutrality must be strengthened, with outstanding regions, organizations, and individuals to be duly rewarded and commended and regions and departments that fail to accomplish their goals and tasks to be criticized by means of circular, called in for talks and held accountable in accordance with laws and regulations. The implementation shall be subject to the Central Inspections on Environmental Protection. All local authorities and relevant departments must annually submit implementation reports to the CPC Central Committee and the State Council.
