三、重点领域低碳发展深入推进
III. In-Depth Low-Carbon Development in Key Areas文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/16283.html
文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/16283.html
工业、交通、建筑、居民生活是产生碳排放的重要领域，对实现碳达峰碳中和具有重要影响。中国把碳达峰碳中和纳入经济社会发展全局，加快构建绿色低碳生产方式、生活方式，为高质量发展注入澎湃绿色动能。文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/16283.html
文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/16283.html
Industry, transport, construction, and daily life are key areas that generate carbon emissions and have a significant impact on achieving peak carbon and carbon neutrality. China has incorporated peak carbon and carbon neutrality into overall social and economic development and moved faster to establish green and low-carbon work models and lifestyles, in order to inject impetus into high-quality green development.文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/16283.html
文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/16283.html
（一）产业低碳化进程加速文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/16283.html
文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/16283.html
- Accelerated Low-Carbon Industrial Development
文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/16283.html
中国大力促进传统产业与新兴产业协同创新、融合发展，着力优化升级产业结构，大力推进绿色低碳产业发展，产业绿色低碳化水平持续提升。文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/16283.html
China has coordinated innovation and integrated development in traditional and emerging industries, optimized and upgraded the industrial structure, and advanced the development of green and low-carbon industries. Industries have witnessed continuing green and low-carbon development.
传统产业绿色转型持续深化。中国坚决遏制高耗能、高排放、低水平项目盲目上马，持续更新重点行业环境、能效、水效和碳排放等约束性标准，持续依法依规淘汰落后产能。推动重点行业绿色低碳升级，持续打造绿色制造标杆，积极开展清洁能源替代，支持有条件的地区率先建成一批零碳园区，推进生态工业园区建设，加快低碳原料替代和再生资源利用。2024年，中国再生有色金属产量达1915万吨，连续15年居全球首位，每4吨电解铝中有1吨使用绿电生产。
In-depth green transition of traditional industries. China no longer approves energy-intensive projects with high emissions and outdated technology. It is continuing to update binding standards for environmental protection, energy efficiency, water efficiency, and carbon emission in key industries, and decommissioning outdated production capacity in accordance with relevant laws and regulations. China is shifting key industries towards green and low-carbon development and has continued to establish benchmarks in green manufacturing. It is rolling out the substitution of clean energy, supporting the establishment of zero-carbon emission industrial parks in areas where conditions permit, constructing eco-friendly industrial parks, and accelerating the substitution of low-carbon materials and the use of renewable resources. In 2024, China’s output of recycled non-ferrous metals reached 19.15 million tonnes – the largest in the world for the 15th consecutive year – and one in every four tonnes of electrolytic aluminum was produced using green electricity.
绿色低碳产业发展优势不断强化。中国持续打造绿色低碳经济增长点，绿色低碳产业在经济总量中的比重不断提升。中国已经建成全球最大、最完整的清洁能源产业链，以新能源汽车、锂电池、光伏产品为代表的“新三样”成为中国制造的“新名片”。2024年，新产业、新业态、新商业模式“三新”经济占国内生产总值的比重超过18%，高技术制造业增加值占规上工业比重达到16.3%，较2020年增加1.2个百分点。
Opportunities for green and low-carbon industrial development constantly strengthened. China continues to create growth points for the green and low-carbon economy. The proportion of green and low-carbon industries has continued to grow in China’s economic aggregate. China has established the world’s largest and most complete industrial chains of clean energy, and the “New trio” of new energy vehicles, lithium-ion batteries, and photovoltaic products has become a new calling card for Chinese manufacturing. In 2024, new industries and new business forms and models, dubbed the “New trio” economy, accounted for over 18 percent of China’s GDP, and the added value of high-tech manufacturing represented 16.3 percent of the contribution of all industrial enterprises of designated size (enterprises with an annual revenue of RMB20 million and above), an increase of 1.2 percentage points compared with 2020.
数字化绿色化进程协同加速。中国积极发挥数字化在提升资源效率、增进环境效益等方面的积极作用，深化人工智能、大数据、云计算等在电力系统、工农业生产、交通运输、建筑建设运行等领域应用。推进数据中心绿色低碳发展，统筹大型风光基地与国家数据枢纽节点建设，提升数据中心绿电使用比例。246家数据中心入选国家绿色数据中心，使用电力一半以上是绿电。
Further coordinated progress of digital and green development. China is actively leveraging the positive role of digital development in increasing resource efficiency and environmental benefits, and expanding the application of artificial intelligence, big data, and cloud computing in power systems, industrial and agricultural production, transport, and building construction and operation. China is promoting the green and low-carbon development of data centers by coordinating the development of large-scale wind and photovoltaic power bases and national data hubs, and increasing the proportion of green electricity usage in data centers. A total of 246 data centers have been recognized as national green data centers, with green electricity accounting for more than half of the electricity used.
（二）清洁低碳交通运输体系加快完善
- Faster Improvement in Clean and Low-Carbon Transport
中国大力发展低碳运输工具装备，持续优化运输结构，安全、便捷、高效、绿色、经济的现代化综合交通体系加快形成。
China is boosting the development of low-carbon transport vehicles and equipment, progressively optimizing its transport structure, and accelerating its efforts to build a comprehensive modern transport system that is safe, convenient, efficient, green and economical.
低碳交通运输工具加快普及。中国加速推广新能源汽车，实现了全球速度最快、规模最大的新能源汽车推广应用。2025年1－9月，新能源乘用车国内市场渗透率达到52.2%，在主要经济体中位居第一。中国铁路电气化水平世界领先，2024年铁路电化率达76.2%。推动船舶、航空器采用清洁动力，2024年民航运输机队燃效较2005年基线水平下降20.5%。深入推进重点区域、重点航线、重点船舶靠港使用岸电，主要港口的重点专业化泊位岸电覆盖率超过90%。中国民航机场场内电动化水平全球领先，截至2025年7月底，民航机场场内电动车辆占比达到32%。
Promoting low-carbon transport. China leads the world in the scale and speed of development of new energy vehicles. During the period from January to September 2025, the penetration rate of new energy passenger vehicles in the domestic market reached 52.2 percent, ranking top among major economies. China leads the world in the electrification of railways, with the electrification rate reaching 76.2 percent in 2024. China has promoted clean power in ships and aircraft. By 2024, fuel consumption per tonne/km of the civil aviation transport fleet had dropped by 20.5 percent compared to the 2005 baseline. China has moved further in the use of shore power for key anchored ships in key areas and on key routes. Over 90 percent of specialized berths in China’s major ports have access to shore power. China’s civil aviation airports lead the world in electrification. By the end of July 2025, electric vehicles accounted for 32 percent of all vehicles in China’s civil aviation airports.
交通运输结构持续调整优化。中国持续完善国家铁路、公路、水运网络，推动不同运输方式合理分工、有效衔接。大力推进多式联运“一单制”“一箱制”发展，持续提高大宗货物的铁路、水路运输比重。2024年，铁路、水路货物周转量分别比“十三五”末增加17.5%和33.6%，沿海主要港口煤炭、铁矿石绿色疏运（利用铁路、水运、封闭式皮带廊道、新能源汽车等）比例达到88.4%。
Progressive adjustment and upgrading of the transport structure. China has continued to improve its railway, highway and waterway networks and promoted the rational division of work and effective connection between various modes of transport. China supports a multimodal transportation system that uses a single bill of lading and eliminates the need for container changes, and is continuing to increase the proportion of railway and waterway freight transport. In 2024, the total turnover of rail freight increased by 17.5 percent, and water freight by 33.6 percent, compared with the end of the 13th Five-Year Plan period (2016-2020), and the green transfer of coal and iron ore (by railway, waterway, enclosed belt conveyor, and new energy vehicle) at major coastal ports reached 88.4 percent.
绿色交通基础设施不断升级。中国积极开展交通设施绿色化提升改造，大力推进绿色公路、绿色航道建设，着力提升新建车站、机场、码头等设施绿色化智能化水平，强化交通领域新能源基础设施建设。中国已建成世界上数量最多、服务车型最广、覆盖面积最大的充电设施网络。截至2025年8月底，中国电动汽车充电基础设施总数累计达到1734.8万个，是5年前的10倍。深入实施城市公共交通优先发展战略，加快构建绿色出行体系。截至2025年6月底，开通运营城市轨道交通线路330条，运营总里程超过1.1万公里，居全球首位。
Consistent upgrading of transport infrastructure for green development. China has upgraded its transport infrastructure for green development by promoting the construction of green highways, airways and waterways, strengthening the green and smart development of newly built stations, airports and ports, and improving new energy transport infrastructure. China has established the world’s largest charging network, leading in the number of charging facilities, compatibility with vehicle models, and area of coverage. By the end of August 2025, the total number of charging facilities for electric vehicles in China had reached nearly 17.35 million, a tenfold increase over a period of five years. China has emphasized the strategy of giving priority to public transport in urban areas and has accelerated the building of a green transport system. By the end of June 2025, China led the world in urban rail transit, with 330 lines in operation over a total track length of more than 11,000 km.
（三）城乡建设绿色低碳发展质量提升
- Higher-Quality Green and Low-Carbon Development in Urban and Rural Areas
中国加快转变城乡建设方式，城乡建设绿色低碳发展水平和人居品质不断提升。
China has sped up the transition of development models in urban and rural areas and achieved a consistent improvement in quality in both green and low-carbon development and the people’s living environment.
城乡规划建设低碳转型步伐加快。中国积极发挥绿色低碳规划引领作用，将绿色低碳理念贯穿到规划、建设、管理各环节，持续推进城市更新行动，着力修复城市生态系统。推广绿色建造方式，发展装配式建筑，应用绿色建筑材料。2024年，新开工装配式建筑面积达6.72亿平方米，占新建建筑比例突破30%。截至2025年6月底，绿色建材认证产品突破1万个。增强城市气候韧性，完善城市生态系统，留足城市河湖生态空间和防洪排涝空间，累计开展90个海绵城市以及39个气候适应型城市试点示范建设。截至2024年底，城市建成区绿化覆盖率达到43.49%，城市人均公园绿地面积达到15.91平方米。
Accelerated transition to low-carbon development in urban and rural planning. China capitalizes on and promotes the guiding role of green and low-carbon development throughout planning, construction and administration. It is steering the ongoing urban renewal drive to include the restoration of the urban ecosystem. China promotes green construction, the development of prefabricated buildings, and the application of green building materials. In 2024, the floor space of new prefabricated building projects under construction reached 672 million sq m, accounting for over 30 percent of all new buildings. By the end of June 2025, the number of products with a green building materials certificate exceeded 10,000. Efforts have been made to strengthen cities’ climate resilience, improve city ecosystems, and reserve sufficient river and lake eco-spaces and spaces for flood control and drainage. China has carried out demonstration projects to build 90 “sponge cities” and 39 pilot climate-adaptive cities. As of the end of 2024, the green coverage of built-up urban areas was 43.49 percent, and the per capita area of park greenery in urban areas was 15.91 sq m.
建筑能效水平大幅提高。中国不断提高建筑能效标准要求，大力发展绿色建筑，开展既有建筑节能改造。2024年，城镇新建绿色建筑面积占当年城镇新建建筑面积的97.9%。“十四五”期间推动城镇既有建筑节能改造，公共建筑经改造后能效普遍提升20%。截至2024年底，节能建筑占城镇既有建筑面积比例超过66%。
Substantive increase in energy efficiency of buildings. China has continued to raise standards and requirements for the energy efficiency of buildings, develop green buildings, and advance the energy-saving retrofit of existing buildings. In 2024, the floor space of China’s new green buildings accounted for almost 98 percent of all newly constructed buildings in urban areas. During the 14th Five-Year Plan period (2021-2025), existing urban buildings underwent energy-saving retrofit, and the energy efficiency of public buildings increased by 20 percent after the retrofit. By the end of 2024, the floor space of energy-saving buildings accounted for more than 66 percent of all existing urban buildings.
建筑用能日趋清洁化低碳化。中国持续提高建筑终端电气化水平，因地制宜推进光伏发电与建筑一体化应用，推广热泵、生物质能、地热能、太阳能等清洁低碳供暖，有效降低建筑领域碳排放。2024年，中国建筑用电占建筑能耗比例超过55%。积极推进北方地区清洁取暖，北方农村地区累计完成清洁取暖改造4000万户以上。截至2024年底，北方地区清洁取暖率达到83%，较2020年提高近20个百分点。
Further use of clean and low-carbon energy in buildings. In order to reduce carbon emissions in the construction sector, China continues to increase the proportion of electricity in buildings’ energy consumption, promote the integrated application of photovoltaic power in buildings based on local conditions, and advance the use of heat pumps, biomass, and geothermal and solar energy for clean heating. In 2024, electricity consumption accounted for over 55 percent of China’s total building energy consumption. China has advanced clean energy heating in northern regions, with more than 40 million rural households retrofitted for clean heating systems. By the end of 2024, the proportion of clean energy heating in northern China had reached 83 percent, nearly 20 percentage points higher than in 2020.
（四）绿色低碳生活方式成为新风尚
- Green and Low-Carbon Lifestyles Gaining Popularity
中国深入实施绿色低碳全民行动，简约适度、绿色低碳、文明健康的生活方式成为更多人的自觉选择。
China has carried out an in-depth nationwide green and low-carbon campaign. Simple, moderate, green, low-carbon and healthy lifestyles have become a conscious choice for more and more people.
绿色低碳生活方式加快形成。中国倡导绿色低碳的生活理念和生活方式，积极引导和推动公民生态环境行为规范广泛践行，推进绿色生活创建行动。居民绿色低碳出行比重持续提升，目前日均约2亿人次通过公共交通方式出行、约2500万人次选择共享单车出行。全面实施生活垃圾分类，截至2024年底，地级及以上城市居民小区垃圾分类设施覆盖率达到98.5%。探索推广碳普惠机制，27个省份出台了碳普惠相关政策，涵盖绿色出行、节约用电、旧物回收、垃圾分类等绿色生活场景。
Moving faster to create green and low-carbon lifestyles. China advocates green and low-carbon lifestyles, guiding and encouraging the wide adoption of the Code of Conduct for Environmental Protection to promote green living. The share of green and low-carbon transport and travel continues to increase. An average of 200 million people now travel by public transport every day, with about 25 million using shared bikes. China has implemented full household waste sorting. By the end of 2024, 98.5 percent of residential compounds in cities at prefectural level and above had waste sorting facilities. China is promoting and exploring the carbon inclusion mechanism, with 27 provincial-level administrative units having launched policies related to green travel, power saving, recycling of used items, and waste sorting.
绿色低碳消费全面扩大。中国不断提升绿色低碳产品供给规模和质量，深入实施消费品以旧换新行动，发挥绿色低碳消费拉动经济和推动降碳的双重作用，引导鼓励使用绿色低碳产品，同时坚决遏制奢侈浪费和不合理消费，实施“光盘行动”、抵制“舌尖上的浪费”，引导公众节约用水用电、减少一次性用品使用。
Expanded green and low-carbon consumption. China continues to increase the supply and upgrade the quality of green and low-carbon products, and incentivizes consumer goods trade-in. The country takes full advantage of green and low-carbon consumption both in driving economic growth and in reducing carbon emissions. It encourages the use of green and low-carbon products and curbs extravagance and excessive consumption, implementing the Clear Your Plate campaign to prevent food waste, and guiding the public to conserve water and electricity and reduce the use of disposable products.
