一、坚定不移推进碳达峰碳中和
I. Staying Firmly Committed to Advancing Peak Carbon and Carbon Neutrality文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/16283.html
文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/16283.html
中国将碳达峰碳中和作为国家战略，广泛深入开展碳达峰行动，加快经济社会发展全面绿色转型，走出了一条生态优先、绿色低碳的发展道路。文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/16283.html
文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/16283.html
China has made peak carbon and carbon neutrality a national strategy, launching extensive and in-depth peak carbon initiatives and accelerating a full-scale green transition of its economy and society. In doing so, China has forged a development path that puts eco-environmental conservation first and pursues green and low-carbon growth.文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/16283.html
文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/16283.html
（一）推进碳达峰碳中和是必由之路文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/16283.html
文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/16283.html
- Peak Carbon and Carbon Neutrality Is the Only Way Forward
文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/16283.html
实现碳达峰碳中和，是中国破解资源环境约束突出问题、实现可持续发展的内在要求。人与自然是生命共同体，人与自然和谐共生是实现永续发展的基础。推进碳达峰碳中和，将经济社会发展转到绿色低碳轨道上来，能够切实维护能源安全、产业链供应链安全、粮食安全，为更高质量、更可持续发展提供坚实的资源环境保障。文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/16283.html
Achieving these goals is essential for China to ease pressure on resource and environmental constraints and secure sustainable development. Humanity and nature are a community of life, and harmony between the two is the corner stone of lasting progress. By promoting peak carbon and carbon neutrality and steering economic and social development to become green and low-carbon, China can safeguard the security of food and energy, industrial and supply chains, providing solid environmental and resource guarantees for higher-quality and more sustainable growth.
实现碳达峰碳中和，是中国顺应技术进步趋势、推动经济结构转型升级的必然选择。当前，新一轮科技革命和产业变革迅猛发展。推进碳达峰碳中和，能够以绿色转型为驱动，促进经济、能源、产业结构转型升级，大力促进传统产业与新兴产业协同创新、融合发展，塑造高质量发展的新动能、新优势。
Achieving peak carbon and carbon neutrality is essential in enabling China to sustain technological progress and promote the transformation and upgrading of the economic structure. As the new revolution in science, technology and industry accelerates, promoting peak carbon and carbon neutrality can make the green transition a growth engine to facilitate the upgrading of the economic, energy, and industrial structures, to incentivize collaborative innovation and integrated development between traditional and emerging industries, and to foster new drivers and strengths for high-quality development.
实现碳达峰碳中和，是中国满足人民群众日益增长的优美生态环境需求、促进人与自然和谐共生的迫切需要。良好的生态环境是最基本的公共产品和最普惠的民生福祉。推进碳达峰碳中和，意味着生产方式和生活方式绿色低碳转型，有利于从源头解决生态环境问题，满足人民群众日益增长的优美生态环境需求，增强人民获得感、幸福感、安全感。
Achieving peak carbon and carbon neutrality is an urgent requirement to meet the people’s growing desire for a beautiful eco-environment and to promote harmony between humanity and nature. A good eco-environment is the most fundamental public good and the most inclusive contributor to public wellbeing. Advancing peak carbon and carbon neutrality entails a green and low-carbon transition in our work and life: It will help address environmental problems at source, meet the people’s growing demand for a beautiful eco-environment, and strengthen the people’s sense of gain, fulfillment and security.
实现碳达峰碳中和，是中国担当大国责任、推动构建人类命运共同体的主动作为。在气候变化挑战面前，人类命运与共。推进碳达峰碳中和，意味着中国作为世界上最大的发展中国家，将完成全球最高碳排放强度降幅，用全球历史上最短的时间实现从碳达峰到碳中和，需要付出极其艰巨的努力。这是用实际行动践行多边主义，展现了中国共建清洁美丽世界的坚定决心。
Achieving peak carbon and carbon neutrality is a proactive commitment to fulfilling China’s responsibilities as a major country and building a community with a shared future for humanity. In the face of climate change challenges, we all share a common future. Advancing peak carbon and carbon neutrality means that China, as the world’s largest developing country, will achieve the highest reduction in carbon emission intensity and complete the transition from peak carbon to carbon neutrality quicker than any other country. This requires an arduous effort. It is a testament to China’s commitment to upholding multilateralism and demonstrates China’s firm resolve to play its part in building a clean and beautiful world.
（二）系统推进碳达峰碳中和工作
- Promoting Peak Carbon and Carbon Neutrality Systematically
中国是拥有14亿多人口的最大发展中国家，经济发展和民生改善任务还十分繁重，实现碳达峰碳中和是一项多维、立体、系统的工程。在推进碳达峰碳中和工作中，中国坚持统筹发展和减排、整体和局部、长远目标和短期目标、政府和市场的关系，始终注重把握以下原则。
As the largest developing country with a population of over 1.4 billion, China’s task of generating economic growth and improving the wellbeing of the people remains onerous. Achieving peak carbon and carbon neutrality is therefore a multidimensional, multifaceted and systematic undertaking. It requires that China strike a balance between growth and emissions reduction, between a holistic approach and targeted measures, between long-term vision and short-term delivery, and between the government and the market. The following principles guide every step:
全国统筹。中国坚持全国一盘棋，强化顶层设计，把绿色低碳作为鲜明导向，融入国民经济循环各领域各环节。中国国家发展改革委充分发挥碳达峰碳中和统筹协调作用，会同各地区各部门积极稳妥推进碳达峰碳中和。
Pooling strengths nationwide. China ensures a coordinated national response through stronger top-level design, steering every sector and every link of the economy onto a green, low-carbon path. The National Development and Reform Commission fully leverages its role in coordinating provincial authorities and central departments to drive progress towards peak carbon and carbon neutrality in an active and prudent manner.
节约优先。中国把节约能源资源放在首位，实行全面节约战略，持续降低单位产出能源资源消耗和碳排放，大力倡导简约适度、绿色低碳生活方式，从源头和入口形成有效的碳排放控制阀门。
Prioritizing conservation. China regards the conservation of energy and other resources as a top priority and operates a comprehensive conservation strategy. Consumption of energy and other resources and carbon emissions per unit of GDP are falling, and simple, moderate, green, and low-carbon lifestyles are being encouraged to rein in carbon emissions at source.
双轮驱动。中国坚持政府和市场两手发力，强化科技和制度创新，加快绿色低碳科技革命；同时深化能源和相关领域改革，积极发挥市场机制作用，形成有效的激励约束机制。
Leveraging the roles of the government and the market. China is mobilizing both the government and the market, intensifying technological and institutional innovation, and accelerating the green and low-carbon technological revolution. Meanwhile, it furthers reforms in the energy sector and relevant fields to exert the role of the market mechanism and form an effective incentive and constraint mechanism.
内外畅通。中国高度重视国际交流合作，有效统筹国内国际能源资源，大力推广国际先进绿色低碳技术经验；同时积极推动建立公平合理、合作共赢的全球气候治理体系。
Coordinating domestic and international efforts. China prioritizes international exchanges and cooperation, aligns domestic and overseas energy and other resources, and promotes world-leading green and low-carbon technologies and experience, while advancing a global climate governance system that is fair, equitable and cooperative and delivers win-win results.
防范风险。中国坚持立足国情、先立后破，在推动绿色低碳转型过程中切实保障能源安全、产业链供应链安全、粮食安全和群众正常生产生活，着力化解各类风险隐患，确保安全降碳。
Guarding against risks. In line with China’s national conditions and the principle of establishing the new before discarding the old, China is ensuring security for food and energy, industrial and supply chains, and guaranteeing quality of life while pursuing green and low-carbon transition. China strives to defuse all types of risk and avert hidden dangers to ensure the safe reduction of carbon emissions.
（三）构建碳达峰碳中和政策体系
- A Policy Framework for Peak Carbon and Carbon Neutrality
为实现碳达峰碳中和目标，中国构建了全球最系统完备的碳减排政策体系——碳达峰碳中和“1+N”政策体系，明确时间表、路线图、施工图。
To achieve the carbon goals, China has formulated the “1+N” policy framework – the most systematic and comprehensive carbon reduction policy framework in the world, with its clearly defined timetable, road map, and action plan.
“1”是中国实现碳达峰碳中和的指导思想和顶层设计。国家层面出台了《关于完整准确全面贯彻新发展理念做好碳达峰碳中和工作的意见》和《2030年前碳达峰行动方案》，对碳达峰碳中和工作进行系统谋划和总体部署，部署了能源绿色低碳转型行动、节能降碳增效行动、工业领域碳达峰行动、城乡建设碳达峰行动、交通运输绿色低碳行动、循环经济助力降碳行动、绿色低碳科技创新行动、碳汇能力巩固提升行动、绿色低碳全民行动、各地区梯次有序碳达峰行动等“碳达峰十大行动”。
Within this framework, the “1” stands for the guiding principles and top-level design for achieving peak carbon and carbon neutrality. At the national level, the country has issued the Working Guidance for Carbon Dioxide Peaking and Carbon Neutrality in Full and Faithful Implementation of the New Development Philosophy, and the Action Plan for Carbon Dioxide Peaking Before 2030, which map out and coordinate relevant work in a systematic way. The two documents outline ten key actions for reaching peak carbon emissions. These measures comprise:
- accelerating the transition to green and low-carbon energy;
- improving energy saving, carbon reduction, and efficiency;
- ensuring peak carbon emissions are achieved in the industrial sector;
- advancing efforts to reach peak carbon in urban and rural development;
- promoting green and low-carbon transport;
- facilitating the reduction of carbon emissions through the circular economy;
- fostering innovation in green and low-carbon technology;
- consolidating and improving carbon sink capacity;
- advocating a green and low-carbon lifestyle nationwide;
- orchestrating region-specific pathways to achieve peak carbon across the country.
“N”是重点行业、领域和各地区碳达峰碳中和实施方案。有关部门出台能源、工业、交通运输、城乡建设、农业农村等重点领域碳达峰实施方案，煤炭、石油、天然气、钢铁、有色金属、石化化工、建材等重点行业碳达峰实施方案，科技支撑、财政支持、绿色金融、绿色消费、生态碳汇、减污降碳、统计核算、标准计量、人才培养、干部培训等碳达峰碳中和支撑保障方案。31个省（区、市）出台了本地区碳达峰实施方案。
“N” encompasses action plans for peak carbon and carbon neutrality in key sectors, industries, and administrative districts. Relevant departments have released action plans for key sectors such as energy, industry, transport, urban-rural development, agriculture and the countryside, and for key industries including coal, oil, natural gas, iron and steel, non-ferrous metals, petrochemical and chemical, and building materials. These are backed by supporting plans encompassing areas such as scientific and technological support, fiscal policy, green finance, green consumption, the carbon sink capacity of the eco-environment, pollution reduction and carbon reduction, statistical accounting, standards and measurements, cultivation of professionals, and the training of officials. Furthermore, 31 provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities directly under the central government in China have formulated their own regional peak carbon action plans.
