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2025年12月30日，北京文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/16334.html
Beijing, December 30, 2025
各位专家，各位朋友：
Dear Experts and Friends,
大家好！很高兴岁末年初再次相聚，一道探讨国际形势，盘点中国外交。
Greetings to you all. It gives me great pleasure to join you again at the turn of the year to discuss the international situation and take stock of China’s foreign relations.
2025年是世界反法西斯战争胜利80周年，也是联合国成立80周年。在这个厚重的历史性年份，世界再次来到何去何从的重要关口。
The year 2025 marks the 80th anniversary of the victory of the World Anti-Fascist War and the founding of the United Nations. In this heavy-loaded, historic year, the world once again came to a crucial juncture and had to decide which way to go.
这一年，国际格局演变走向重要分水岭，单极霸权不得人心，多极世界扑面而来，百年变局下的新旧矛盾集中暴发，进步还是倒退之争日趋激烈。
This year, the international landscape evolved toward an important watershed, with unilateralism and hegemonism finding no support and a multipolar world in the making. Amid once-in-a-century transformations, old and new problems intensified. The contest between progress and regression sharpened.
这一年，经济全球化遭遇严重冲击，关税战破坏国际贸易规则，扰乱全球经济秩序，开放还是封闭之选迫在眉睫。
This year, economic globalization met serious setbacks. The tariff war dealt a blow to international trade rules, and disrupted the global economic order. The choice between openness and isolation became imperative.
这一年，全球局部战争和跨境冲突频发，创下二战结束以来新高，地缘政治动荡持续蔓延，和平还是战争之问扣动人心。
This year, local wars and cross-border conflicts flared up more often than at any time since the end of WWII. Geopolitical turbulence continued to spread. The question of peace or war weighed heavily on many people’s mind.
面对历史演进新关口，我们在以习近平同志为核心的党中央坚强领导下，高举构建人类命运共同体旗帜，以元首外交为战略引领，用最大诚意团结世界进步力量，尽最大努力汇聚和平发展能量，保和平、促合作、应变局、担道义，为中华民族谋复兴，为动荡世界谋大同，不断开创中国特色大国外交新境界。
At this new turn in the course of history, we, under the strong leadership of the CPC Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core, held high the banner of building a community with a shared future for humanity, followed the strategic guidance of head-of-state diplomacy, united progressive forces across the world with utmost sincerity, and built the momentum for peace and development with greatest efforts. We championed peace, promoted cooperation, adapted to change, and upheld justice. We dedicated ourselves to rejuvenation for the Chinese nation and to harmony in a turbulent world, and we opened up new horizons for major-country diplomacy with Chinese characteristics.
面对世界和平乱局，中国是稳定锚。百年变局加速演进，国际关系动荡变革，大国发生冲突对抗的风险明显上升。
Facing a troubled world where peace is under threat, China acted as an anchor for stability. As once-in-a-century transformations accelerate, international relations are being reshaped amidst turbulence, and the risks of conflict or confrontation between major countries are clearly on the rise.
中国作为世界主要大国、联合国安理会常任理事国，始终以维护世界和平为己任，身体力行推动构建新型大国关系，劝和促谈致力热点问题降温，坚持以同球共济超越地缘博弈，为维护世界和平展现大国担当。
China, as a key major country and a permanent member of the U.N. Security Council, stays committed to upholding world peace. It has taken concrete steps to foster a new type of major-country relations, promoted dialogue and peace for the deescalation of hot spots, advocated global solidarity over geopolitical maneuvering, and fulfilled its responsibility as a major country for world peace.
过去一年，中美关系历经起伏震荡，实现了总体动态稳定，这符合中美两国人民共同利益，符合国际社会共同期待；中俄关系更加坚如磐石，保持高水平稳健运行，两国领导人在历史性年份实现互访，凸显中俄相互信任、相互支撑的全面战略协作伙伴关系真谛；中欧总结建交50年合作经验，再次确认伙伴关系基本定位；全球南方10国正式加入“金砖伙伴圈”，20个成员的“金砖大家庭”不断兴旺，“大金砖合作”越发红火。
In the past year, China-U.S. relations, despite shocks and ups and downs, realized overall and dynamic stability. This serves the shared interests of the people in both countries, and meets the common aspiration of the international community. China-Russia relations, as rock-solid as ever, maintained high-level, steady performance. Chinese and Russian leaders exchanged visits in this year of historic significance, highlighting mutual trust and mutual support as the hallmark of the China-Russia comprehensive strategic partnership of coordination. China and the European Union reviewed their cooperation over the past fifty years of diplomatic ties, and reaffirmed partnership as the basic tenor of their relations. Ten countries from the Global South officially became BRICS partners. The 20-member BRICS family grew more prosperous. And BRICS cooperation was ever more robust under the expanded format.
乌克兰危机延宕已接近4年。中方以习近平主席提出的“四个应该”为基本遵循，坚持不懈为和平创造条件，汇聚共识。作为乌克兰危机“和平之友”的倡导者之一，我们真诚欢迎一切有利于和平解决危机的努力，同其他各方一道为之积极奔走呼吁。现在，谈判的窗口已经打开，和平的曙光就在前面。尽管前进道路仍然崎岖坎坷，但中方愿继续发挥建设性作用，期待达成全面、持久、有约束力的和平协议，消除矛盾冲突的根源，实现欧洲长治久安。
On the nearly four-year-old Ukraine crisis, China, guided by the four points about what should be done put forward by President Xi Jinping, worked relentlessly to create conditions and foster consensus for peace. As one of the initiators of the Group of Friends for Peace, China sincerely welcomed all efforts conducive to the peaceful settlement of the crisis, and worked actively alongside others to this end. Right now, the window for negotiation is open, and the dawn of peace is within sight. While the road ahead will still be bumpy, China will continue to play a constructive role and hopes that a comprehensive, durable and binding peace agreement could be reached to eliminate the root causes of the conflict and bring about lasting peace and stability in Europe.
面对周边环境新局，中国是主心骨。在变乱交织的世界中，亚洲成为举世公认的全球发展繁荣高地，我国同周边国家关系处于近代以来最好的时期。同时，周边格局和世界变局深度联动，维护周边繁荣稳定需要付出不懈努力。
Facing a new environment in its neighborhood, China acted as a pillar of the region. In this changing and turbulent world, Asia is widely recognized as a center of global development and prosperity, and China’s relations with its neighboring countries are at their best since modern times. Meanwhile, as regional dynamics is deeply affected by the changes in the international landscape, maintaining prosperity and stability of this neighborhood requires persistent efforts.
在周边形势演变关键时刻，党中央召开新中国成立以来首次周边工作会议，明确周边在中华民族伟大复兴进程中的重要定位，提出建设和平、安宁、繁荣、美丽、友好“五大家园”的努力方向，确立构建周边命运共同体的总体目标，发出携手周边国家共创美好未来的战略信号，为我国同周边国家关系发展注入新的强劲动力。
At this crucial juncture in the evolution of regional situation, the CPC Central Committee convened a meeting on work related to neighboring countries, the first of its kind since the founding of the People’s Republic of China. Affirming the important position of the neighboring region in the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation, the meeting set out the vision of building a “peaceful, safe and secure, prosperous, beautiful and amicable home”, and established the overarching goal of building a community with a shared future with neighboring countries. This sent a strategic signal of working together with neighboring countries for a bright future, and injected new and strong momentum into the development of China’s relations with neighboring countries.
习近平主席今年主场外交和重要出访着眼周边。东南亚之行以点带面，巩固同东盟国家睦邻友好，推进互利合作，迎接共同挑战。俄罗斯之行传承中俄友谊、捍卫历史正义，把两大邻国互信合作提升到新水平。中亚之行首提“中国—中亚精神”，签署永久睦邻友好合作条约，筑牢西北方向长期稳定根基。东北亚之行引领亚太务实合作，推动中韩关系改善发展。今年，我们还邀请印度、朝鲜领导人来华，中印关系呈现向好发展势头，中朝传统友谊得到巩固弘扬。习近平主席主持上海合作组织天津峰会取得圆满成功，制定上合组织未来10年发展战略，落地4个地区安全中心，创设6个合作平台，签署数十份各领域合作文件。我国同周边国家的交往正迈入加快构建命运共同体的新时期。
The neighboring region featured prominently in the diplomatic events hosted by President Xi Jinping and in his important overseas visits this year. The visit to Southeast Asian countries boosted China’s relations with the whole region, consolidated good-neighborliness with ASEAN countries, advanced mutually beneficial cooperation, and garnered efforts to meet common challenges. The Russia trip reinforced the China-Russia friendship, defended historic justice, and elevated the mutual trust and cooperation between the two big neighbors to a new height. During the Central Asia visit, the concept of China-Central Asia spirit was introduced for the first time, a treaty on permanent good-neighborliness, friendship and cooperation was signed, and the foundation for long-term stability to the northwest was solidified. The trip to Northeast Asia spearheaded Asia-Pacific cooperation, and pushed for improvement and development of China-ROK relations. Also this year, we invited the leaders of India and the DPRK to China. China-India relations showed a good momentum, and the traditional friendship with the DPRK was cemented and further promoted. The Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) Summit was held in Tianjin. Chaired by President Xi Jinping, it was a resounding success, with the adoption of a 10-year strategy for SCO development, the launch of four regional security centers, the establishment of six cooperation platforms, and the signing of several dozen cooperation documents covering various fields. China’s engagement with neighboring countries entered a new stage of building a community with a shared future at a faster pace.
一年来的周边关系发展和周边环境演变再次证明，与中国为邻是好事、幸事。中国不在周边搞地缘争夺，而是致力于睦邻安邻富邻；不在周边搞势力范围，而是构建命运共同体；不在周边搞一言堂，而是践行大家的事一起商量着办。中国的周边，堪称睦邻友好的示范区。
As again proved by the development trajectory of relations between China and neighboring countries and the evolution of regional environment in the past year, having China as a neighbor is a good, fortunate thing. Instead of vying for geopolitical advantage, China is committed to fostering an amicable, secure and prosperous neighborhood. Instead of seeking a sphere of influence, China promotes a community with a shared future with neighboring countries. Instead of dictating decision making, China advocates, with concrete actions, joint consultation in regional affairs. The neighborhood of China now stands as a center of excellence for good-neighborliness and friendship.
面对国际秩序变局，中国是定盘星。联合国风雨兼程80年，国际体系变革按下快进键。面对时代发展大潮，有人极力踩刹车，有人试图开倒车，而中国的选择是面向未来，携手各方共建人类命运共同体，推动国际秩序朝着更加公正合理的方向发展。
Facing a changing international order, China acted as a defining force. The United Nations has traversed 80 years, and the reform of the international system is picking up speed. Reacting to the trend of the times, some slam on the brake, and some attempt to reverse the course. China has chosen to embrace the trend by working with all parties to build a community with a shared future for humanity and making the international order more just and equitable.
构建人类命运共同体是习近平外交思想的核心理念，顺应时代发展进步潮流，符合中国人民和世界各国人民共同利益。今年胜利召开的中国共产党第二十届四中全会通过的“十五五”规划建议，以构建人类命运共同体为主线，部署未来五年的对外工作，展现出中国为人类谋进步、为世界谋大同的坚定信念和实际行动。
Building a community with a shared future for humanity is the core tenet of Xi Jinping Thought on Diplomacy. It is in line with the trend of the times toward development and progress, and serves the common interests of the Chinese people and people of all countries. The fourth plenary session of the 20th CPC Central Committee, which was held this year, adopted the recommendations for China’s 15th five-year plan for economic and social development. On foreign-related work in the next five years, the recommendations lay out the plan along the central theme of building a community with a shared future for humanity, and demonstrate China’s conviction and action in pursuing progress for humanity and harmony for the world.
2025年，世界见证了全球治理变革的“中国时刻”。习近平主席郑重提出全球治理倡议，倡导主权平等、国际法治、多边主义、以人为本、行动导向五大理念，为推动构建更加公正合理的全球治理体系提出中国方案，为重振联合国的核心地位和主导作用注入中国动力。这一倡议的提出正当其时，切中当今世界迫切需求，得到150多个国家和国际组织迅速响应支持。中国隆重纪念中国人民抗日战争暨世界反法西斯战争胜利80周年，习近平主席发表重要讲话，弘扬伟大抗战精神，坚持正确二战史观，发出正义必胜、和平必胜、人民必胜的时代强音。习近平主席专门出席在北京举办的全球妇女峰会，强调要为加速妇女发展新进程凝聚更广泛共识、开辟更广阔道路。我国会同30多个国家共同创立国际调解院，成为首个专门以调解方式解决国际争端的政府间国际组织，呼应联合国宪章要求，为各国搭建起化解分歧的新平台。中国倡导成立世界人工智能合作组织，将致力于加强全球南方人工智能能力建设，弥合“智能鸿沟”，加快人工智能全球治理进程。
In 2025, the world witnessed the “China moments” in the global governance reform. President Xi Jinping proposed the Global Governance Initiative (GGI), advocating five major propositions, i.e., sovereign equality, international rule of law, multilateralism, a people-centered approach, and real actions. It is a Chinese proposal to make the global governance system more just and equitable, and a Chinese contribution to revitalize the central position and leading role of the U.N. A timely initiative that responds to the pressing needs of the world today, the GGI gained immediate endorsement and support from over 150 countries and international organizations. China solemnly commemorated the 80th anniversary of the victory of the Chinese People’s War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression and the World Anti-Fascist War. In his important address on the occasion, President Xi Jinping highlighted the great spirit of resisting aggression, promoted the correct view of history on World War Ⅱ, and sent a powerful message that justice will prevail, peace will prevail, and the people will prevail. At the Global Leaders’ Meeting on Women held in Beijing, President Xi Jinping underscored the need to build greater consensus and broaden the paths forward to accelerate the new process of women’s development. With the inauguration of the International Organization for Mediation (IOMed), China, together with over 30 countries, founded the first inter-governmental international organization with a mandate to resolve international disputes through mediation. The IOMed answers the call of the U.N. Charter and sets up a new platform for countries to resolve differences. China also proposed the establishment of a World Artificial Intelligence Cooperation Organization, with the aim of enhancing AI capacity building of the Global South, bridging the AI divide, and expediting the process of global AI governance.
然而，就在这个世界各国人民汲取历史教训、共谋和平发展的特殊年份，当年发动侵华战争的日本，不仅不深刻反省自身犯下的种种罪行，其现职领导人竟然公开挑战中国领土主权、挑战二战历史结论、挑战战后国际秩序。对此，所有爱好和平的国家、所有不希望悲剧重演的人民都绝不答应。我们必须高度警惕日本军国主义沉渣泛起，必须坚决捍卫用鲜血换来的二战胜利成果，必须有效维护来之不易的和平稳定。
However, while people of all countries around the world were drawing lessons from history and striving for peaceful development in this year of special significance, Japan, the country that had started the war of aggression against China, again failed to express deep remorse for the crimes it had committed. Even worse, Japan’s current leader publicly challenged China’s sovereignty and territorial integrity, challenged the historical verdict of World War II, and challenged the post-war international order. This is totally unacceptable to all countries that love peace and all people who do not want the repetition of past tragedies. We must stay highly vigilant to the resurgence of militarism in Japan, resolutely defend the victorious outcomes of World War II achieved with great sacrifice, and effectively safeguard the hard-earned peace and stability.
面对全球发展困局，中国是主引擎。全球经济增速放缓，单边主义、保护主义横行，国际经贸秩序遭受严重冲击，各国发展面临重大挑战。中国经济顶压前行、向新向优，以强大韧性和充沛活力为世界提供支撑，以更高水平对外开放包括单边开放与世界分享机遇，中国对世界经济增长贡献率继续保持在30%左右，高于七国集团总和，成为全球发展爬坡脱困的主要推进器。
Facing the global development predicament, China acted as a main engine. Global growth is losing steam, unilateralism and protectionism are running unchecked, international economic and trade order is facing serious disruptions, and countries are confronting major development challenges. Despite mounting economic pressure, China has pushed forward with innovation-led and high-quality development. And in this process, China has provided underpinning for the world economy with its strong resilience and dynamism, and shared opportunities with the world through higher-standard opening up, including unilateral opening up. China has continued to contribute around 30 percent of world economic growth, higher than G7 combined, and become a major propeller for global development in getting over the current predicament.
过去一年，我们大力推进高质量共建“一带一路”，同南亚、拉美、中亚多个国家新签合作规划和行动计划，对共建“一带一路”国家非金融类直接投资同比增长20%以上。坦赞铁路激活续写中非友谊新丰碑，中吉乌铁路建设孕育区域联通新前景，中欧班列累计开行12万列，一条又一条双向奔赴的“黄金通道”加速延伸拓展。
In the past year, we vigorously promoted high-quality Belt and Road cooperation. We signed cooperation programs and action plans with countries in South Asia, Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) and Central Asia, and our non-financial direct investment in Belt and Road partner countries grew by over 20 percent year on year. The Tazara Railway revitalization strengthened this monument to China-Africa friendship, the China-Kyrgyzstan-Uzbekistan railway opened up new prospects for regional connectivity, and the China Railway Express achieved an accumulative total of more than 120,000 freight services between China and Europe. These golden routes for two-way cooperation have extended their reach at a faster pace.
过去一年，我们扛起促进全球发展重任，连续举办进博会、服贸会、消博会，海南自贸港正式启动全岛封关，同东盟全面完成并签署自贸区3.0升级版议定书，同非洲持续实施“十大伙伴行动”，同拉美国家建设“五大工程”，同阿拉伯国家构建“五大合作格局”，同太平洋岛国形成七大合作平台架构，成功举行首次东盟—中国—海合会峰会，同各方结成更紧密发展合作伙伴。
In the past year, we took on the important mission of promoting global development. We hosted the China International Import Expo, the China International Fair for Trade in Services and the China International Consumer Products Expo, and we officially launched the island-wide special customs operations of the Hainan Free Trade Port. We fully completed the negotiations of and signed the China-ASEAN Free Trade Area 3.0 Upgrade Protocol, continued to deliver on the ten partnership actions with Africa, carried out five programs with LAC countries, developed five cooperation frameworks with Arab states, built seven cooperation platforms and frameworks with Pacific Island countries, and successfully held the first ASEAN-China-GCC Summit. Closer development cooperation partnerships were forged with various parties.
过去一年，我们克服外部环境干扰和挑战，向需要支持和帮助的国际伙伴伸出援手，对所有最不发达国家和非洲国家实施“零关税”，宣布在坚持发展中国家定位的同时，不在世贸组织谈判中寻求新的特殊和差别待遇，主动让利于全球南方国家，承担起中国的国际责任。
In the past year, we overcame external disturbances and challenges, and extended a helping hand to international partners in need. We applied zero tariff to all least developed countries and African countries having diplomatic relations with China, and announced that while keeping our developing country status, we would not seek new special and differential treatment in current and future negotiations at the WTO. Through these voluntary initiatives, China leaves a greater share of benefits to Global South countries, and lives up to its international responsibility.
过去一年，我们广迎四方客，持续扩容免签“朋友圈”，迄今已对48国实施单方面免签、对55国实施过境免签，今年前三季度免签入境外国人超过2000万、同比增长50%以上，开创了中外人文交流新局面。中国同世界的交流交融不断加深，世界投向中国的目光更加理性友善。
In the past year, we opened our door wider by expanding the visa exemption country list. To date, unilateral visa waiver is extended to 48 countries and visa-free transit to 55. In the first three quarters of this year, more than 20 million visa-free entries were recorded, an increase of over 50 percent year-on-year. We have opened a new prospect for people-to-people exchanges with other countries. Interactions and connections between China and other parts of the world have deepened, and international understanding and goodwill toward China have grown stronger.
