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2025年12月30日，北京文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/16334.html
Beijing, December 30, 2025
各位专家，各位朋友：
Dear Experts and Friends,
大家好！很高兴岁末年初再次相聚，一道探讨国际形势，盘点中国外交。
Greetings to you all. It gives me great pleasure to join you again at the turn of the year to discuss the international situation and take stock of China’s foreign relations.
2025年是世界反法西斯战争胜利80周年，也是联合国成立80周年。在这个厚重的历史性年份，世界再次来到何去何从的重要关口。
The year 2025 marks the 80th anniversary of the victory of the World Anti-Fascist War and the founding of the United Nations. In this heavy-loaded, historic year, the world once again came to a crucial juncture and had to decide which way to go.
这一年，国际格局演变走向重要分水岭，单极霸权不得人心，多极世界扑面而来，百年变局下的新旧矛盾集中暴发，进步还是倒退之争日趋激烈。
This year, the international landscape evolved toward an important watershed, with unilateralism and hegemonism finding no support and a multipolar world in the making. Amid once-in-a-century transformations, old and new problems intensified. The contest between progress and regression sharpened.
这一年，经济全球化遭遇严重冲击，关税战破坏国际贸易规则，扰乱全球经济秩序，开放还是封闭之选迫在眉睫。
This year, economic globalization met serious setbacks. The tariff war dealt a blow to international trade rules, and disrupted the global economic order. The choice between openness and isolation became imperative.
这一年，全球局部战争和跨境冲突频发，创下二战结束以来新高，地缘政治动荡持续蔓延，和平还是战争之问扣动人心。
This year, local wars and cross-border conflicts flared up more often than at any time since the end of WWII. Geopolitical turbulence continued to spread. The question of peace or war weighed heavily on many people’s mind.
面对历史演进新关口，我们在以习近平同志为核心的党中央坚强领导下，高举构建人类命运共同体旗帜，以元首外交为战略引领，用最大诚意团结世界进步力量，尽最大努力汇聚和平发展能量，保和平、促合作、应变局、担道义，为中华民族谋复兴，为动荡世界谋大同，不断开创中国特色大国外交新境界。
At this new turn in the course of history, we, under the strong leadership of the CPC Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core, held high the banner of building a community with a shared future for humanity, followed the strategic guidance of head-of-state diplomacy, united progressive forces across the world with utmost sincerity, and built the momentum for peace and development with greatest efforts. We championed peace, promoted cooperation, adapted to change, and upheld justice. We dedicated ourselves to rejuvenation for the Chinese nation and to harmony in a turbulent world, and we opened up new horizons for major-country diplomacy with Chinese characteristics.
面对世界和平乱局，中国是稳定锚。百年变局加速演进，国际关系动荡变革，大国发生冲突对抗的风险明显上升。
Facing a troubled world where peace is under threat, China acted as an anchor for stability. As once-in-a-century transformations accelerate, international relations are being reshaped amidst turbulence, and the risks of conflict or confrontation between major countries are clearly on the rise.
中国作为世界主要大国、联合国安理会常任理事国，始终以维护世界和平为己任，身体力行推动构建新型大国关系，劝和促谈致力热点问题降温，坚持以同球共济超越地缘博弈，为维护世界和平展现大国担当。
China, as a key major country and a permanent member of the U.N. Security Council, stays committed to upholding world peace. It has taken concrete steps to foster a new type of major-country relations, promoted dialogue and peace for the deescalation of hot spots, advocated global solidarity over geopolitical maneuvering, and fulfilled its responsibility as a major country for world peace.
过去一年，中美关系历经起伏震荡，实现了总体动态稳定，这符合中美两国人民共同利益，符合国际社会共同期待；中俄关系更加坚如磐石，保持高水平稳健运行，两国领导人在历史性年份实现互访，凸显中俄相互信任、相互支撑的全面战略协作伙伴关系真谛；中欧总结建交50年合作经验，再次确认伙伴关系基本定位；全球南方10国正式加入“金砖伙伴圈”，20个成员的“金砖大家庭”不断兴旺，“大金砖合作”越发红火。
In the past year, China-U.S. relations, despite shocks and ups and downs, realized overall and dynamic stability. This serves the shared interests of the people in both countries, and meets the common aspiration of the international community. China-Russia relations, as rock-solid as ever, maintained high-level, steady performance. Chinese and Russian leaders exchanged visits in this year of historic significance, highlighting mutual trust and mutual support as the hallmark of the China-Russia comprehensive strategic partnership of coordination. China and the European Union reviewed their cooperation over the past fifty years of diplomatic ties, and reaffirmed partnership as the basic tenor of their relations. Ten countries from the Global South officially became BRICS partners. The 20-member BRICS family grew more prosperous. And BRICS cooperation was ever more robust under the expanded format.
乌克兰危机延宕已接近4年。中方以习近平主席提出的“四个应该”为基本遵循，坚持不懈为和平创造条件，汇聚共识。作为乌克兰危机“和平之友”的倡导者之一，我们真诚欢迎一切有利于和平解决危机的努力，同其他各方一道为之积极奔走呼吁。现在，谈判的窗口已经打开，和平的曙光就在前面。尽管前进道路仍然崎岖坎坷，但中方愿继续发挥建设性作用，期待达成全面、持久、有约束力的和平协议，消除矛盾冲突的根源，实现欧洲长治久安。
On the nearly four-year-old Ukraine crisis, China, guided by the four points about what should be done put forward by President Xi Jinping, worked relentlessly to create conditions and foster consensus for peace. As one of the initiators of the Group of Friends for Peace, China sincerely welcomed all efforts conducive to the peaceful settlement of the crisis, and worked actively alongside others to this end. Right now, the window for negotiation is open, and the dawn of peace is within sight. While the road ahead will still be bumpy, China will continue to play a constructive role and hopes that a comprehensive, durable and binding peace agreement could be reached to eliminate the root causes of the conflict and bring about lasting peace and stability in Europe.
面对周边环境新局，中国是主心骨。在变乱交织的世界中，亚洲成为举世公认的全球发展繁荣高地，我国同周边国家关系处于近代以来最好的时期。同时，周边格局和世界变局深度联动，维护周边繁荣稳定需要付出不懈努力。
Facing a new environment in its neighborhood, China acted as a pillar of the region. In this changing and turbulent world, Asia is widely recognized as a center of global development and prosperity, and China’s relations with its neighboring countries are at their best since modern times. Meanwhile, as regional dynamics is deeply affected by the changes in the international landscape, maintaining prosperity and stability of this neighborhood requires persistent efforts.
在周边形势演变关键时刻，党中央召开新中国成立以来首次周边工作会议，明确周边在中华民族伟大复兴进程中的重要定位，提出建设和平、安宁、繁荣、美丽、友好“五大家园”的努力方向，确立构建周边命运共同体的总体目标，发出携手周边国家共创美好未来的战略信号，为我国同周边国家关系发展注入新的强劲动力。
At this crucial juncture in the evolution of regional situation, the CPC Central Committee convened a meeting on work related to neighboring countries, the first of its kind since the founding of the People’s Republic of China. Affirming the important position of the neighboring region in the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation, the meeting set out the vision of building a “peaceful, safe and secure, prosperous, beautiful and amicable home”, and established the overarching goal of building a community with a shared future with neighboring countries. This sent a strategic signal of working together with neighboring countries for a bright future, and injected new and strong momentum into the development of China’s relations with neighboring countries.
习近平主席今年主场外交和重要出访着眼周边。东南亚之行以点带面，巩固同东盟国家睦邻友好，推进互利合作，迎接共同挑战。俄罗斯之行传承中俄友谊、捍卫历史正义，把两大邻国互信合作提升到新水平。中亚之行首提“中国—中亚精神”，签署永久睦邻友好合作条约，筑牢西北方向长期稳定根基。东北亚之行引领亚太务实合作，推动中韩关系改善发展。今年，我们还邀请印度、朝鲜领导人来华，中印关系呈现向好发展势头，中朝传统友谊得到巩固弘扬。习近平主席主持上海合作组织天津峰会取得圆满成功，制定上合组织未来10年发展战略，落地4个地区安全中心，创设6个合作平台，签署数十份各领域合作文件。我国同周边国家的交往正迈入加快构建命运共同体的新时期。
The neighboring region featured prominently in the diplomatic events hosted by President Xi Jinping and in his important overseas visits this year. The visit to Southeast Asian countries boosted China’s relations with the whole region, consolidated good-neighborliness with ASEAN countries, advanced mutually beneficial cooperation, and garnered efforts to meet common challenges. The Russia trip reinforced the China-Russia friendship, defended historic justice, and elevated the mutual trust and cooperation between the two big neighbors to a new height. During the Central Asia visit, the concept of China-Central Asia spirit was introduced for the first time, a treaty on permanent good-neighborliness, friendship and cooperation was signed, and the foundation for long-term stability to the northwest was solidified. The trip to Northeast Asia spearheaded Asia-Pacific cooperation, and pushed for improvement and development of China-ROK relations. Also this year, we invited the leaders of India and the DPRK to China. China-India relations showed a good momentum, and the traditional friendship with the DPRK was cemented and further promoted. The Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) Summit was held in Tianjin. Chaired by President Xi Jinping, it was a resounding success, with the adoption of a 10-year strategy for SCO development, the launch of four regional security centers, the establishment of six cooperation platforms, and the signing of several dozen cooperation documents covering various fields. China’s engagement with neighboring countries entered a new stage of building a community with a shared future at a faster pace.
一年来的周边关系发展和周边环境演变再次证明，与中国为邻是好事、幸事。中国不在周边搞地缘争夺，而是致力于睦邻安邻富邻；不在周边搞势力范围，而是构建命运共同体；不在周边搞一言堂，而是践行大家的事一起商量着办。中国的周边，堪称睦邻友好的示范区。
As again proved by the development trajectory of relations between China and neighboring countries and the evolution of regional environment in the past year, having China as a neighbor is a good, fortunate thing. Instead of vying for geopolitical advantage, China is committed to fostering an amicable, secure and prosperous neighborhood. Instead of seeking a sphere of influence, China promotes a community with a shared future with neighboring countries. Instead of dictating decision making, China advocates, with concrete actions, joint consultation in regional affairs. The neighborhood of China now stands as a center of excellence for good-neighborliness and friendship.
面对国际秩序变局，中国是定盘星。联合国风雨兼程80年，国际体系变革按下快进键。面对时代发展大潮，有人极力踩刹车，有人试图开倒车，而中国的选择是面向未来，携手各方共建人类命运共同体，推动国际秩序朝着更加公正合理的方向发展。
Facing a changing international order, China acted as a defining force. The United Nations has traversed 80 years, and the reform of the international system is picking up speed. Reacting to the trend of the times, some slam on the brake, and some attempt to reverse the course. China has chosen to embrace the trend by working with all parties to build a community with a shared future for humanity and making the international order more just and equitable.
构建人类命运共同体是习近平外交思想的核心理念，顺应时代发展进步潮流，符合中国人民和世界各国人民共同利益。今年胜利召开的中国共产党第二十届四中全会通过的“十五五”规划建议，以构建人类命运共同体为主线，部署未来五年的对外工作，展现出中国为人类谋进步、为世界谋大同的坚定信念和实际行动。
Building a community with a shared future for humanity is the core tenet of Xi Jinping Thought on Diplomacy. It is in line with the trend of the times toward development and progress, and serves the common interests of the Chinese people and people of all countries. The fourth plenary session of the 20th CPC Central Committee, which was held this year, adopted the recommendations for China’s 15th five-year plan for economic and social development. On foreign-related work in the next five years, the recommendations lay out the plan along the central theme of building a community with a shared future for humanity, and demonstrate China’s conviction and action in pursuing progress for humanity and harmony for the world.
2025年，世界见证了全球治理变革的“中国时刻”。习近平主席郑重提出全球治理倡议，倡导主权平等、国际法治、多边主义、以人为本、行动导向五大理念，为推动构建更加公正合理的全球治理体系提出中国方案，为重振联合国的核心地位和主导作用注入中国动力。这一倡议的提出正当其时，切中当今世界迫切需求，得到150多个国家和国际组织迅速响应支持。中国隆重纪念中国人民抗日战争暨世界反法西斯战争胜利80周年，习近平主席发表重要讲话，弘扬伟大抗战精神，坚持正确二战史观，发出正义必胜、和平必胜、人民必胜的时代强音。习近平主席专门出席在北京举办的全球妇女峰会，强调要为加速妇女发展新进程凝聚更广泛共识、开辟更广阔道路。我国会同30多个国家共同创立国际调解院，成为首个专门以调解方式解决国际争端的政府间国际组织，呼应联合国宪章要求，为各国搭建起化解分歧的新平台。中国倡导成立世界人工智能合作组织，将致力于加强全球南方人工智能能力建设，弥合“智能鸿沟”，加快人工智能全球治理进程。
In 2025, the world witnessed the “China moments” in the global governance reform. President Xi Jinping proposed the Global Governance Initiative (GGI), advocating five major propositions, i.e., sovereign equality, international rule of law, multilateralism, a people-centered approach, and real actions. It is a Chinese proposal to make the global governance system more just and equitable, and a Chinese contribution to revitalize the central position and leading role of the U.N. A timely initiative that responds to the pressing needs of the world today, the GGI gained immediate endorsement and support from over 150 countries and international organizations. China solemnly commemorated the 80th anniversary of the victory of the Chinese People’s War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression and the World Anti-Fascist War. In his important address on the occasion, President Xi Jinping highlighted the great spirit of resisting aggression, promoted the correct view of history on World War Ⅱ, and sent a powerful message that justice will prevail, peace will prevail, and the people will prevail. At the Global Leaders’ Meeting on Women held in Beijing, President Xi Jinping underscored the need to build greater consensus and broaden the paths forward to accelerate the new process of women’s development. With the inauguration of the International Organization for Mediation (IOMed), China, together with over 30 countries, founded the first inter-governmental international organization with a mandate to resolve international disputes through mediation. The IOMed answers the call of the U.N. Charter and sets up a new platform for countries to resolve differences. China also proposed the establishment of a World Artificial Intelligence Cooperation Organization, with the aim of enhancing AI capacity building of the Global South, bridging the AI divide, and expediting the process of global AI governance.
然而，就在这个世界各国人民汲取历史教训、共谋和平发展的特殊年份，当年发动侵华战争的日本，不仅不深刻反省自身犯下的种种罪行，其现职领导人竟然公开挑战中国领土主权、挑战二战历史结论、挑战战后国际秩序。对此，所有爱好和平的国家、所有不希望悲剧重演的人民都绝不答应。我们必须高度警惕日本军国主义沉渣泛起，必须坚决捍卫用鲜血换来的二战胜利成果，必须有效维护来之不易的和平稳定。
However, while people of all countries around the world were drawing lessons from history and striving for peaceful development in this year of special significance, Japan, the country that had started the war of aggression against China, again failed to express deep remorse for the crimes it had committed. Even worse, Japan’s current leader publicly challenged China’s sovereignty and territorial integrity, challenged the historical verdict of World War II, and challenged the post-war international order. This is totally unacceptable to all countries that love peace and all people who do not want the repetition of past tragedies. We must stay highly vigilant to the resurgence of militarism in Japan, resolutely defend the victorious outcomes of World War II achieved with great sacrifice, and effectively safeguard the hard-earned peace and stability.
面对全球发展困局，中国是主引擎。全球经济增速放缓，单边主义、保护主义横行，国际经贸秩序遭受严重冲击，各国发展面临重大挑战。中国经济顶压前行、向新向优，以强大韧性和充沛活力为世界提供支撑，以更高水平对外开放包括单边开放与世界分享机遇，中国对世界经济增长贡献率继续保持在30%左右，高于七国集团总和，成为全球发展爬坡脱困的主要推进器。
Facing the global development predicament, China acted as a main engine. Global growth is losing steam, unilateralism and protectionism are running unchecked, international economic and trade order is facing serious disruptions, and countries are confronting major development challenges. Despite mounting economic pressure, China has pushed forward with innovation-led and high-quality development. And in this process, China has provided underpinning for the world economy with its strong resilience and dynamism, and shared opportunities with the world through higher-standard opening up, including unilateral opening up. China has continued to contribute around 30 percent of world economic growth, higher than G7 combined, and become a major propeller for global development in getting over the current predicament.
过去一年，我们大力推进高质量共建“一带一路”，同南亚、拉美、中亚多个国家新签合作规划和行动计划，对共建“一带一路”国家非金融类直接投资同比增长20%以上。坦赞铁路激活续写中非友谊新丰碑，中吉乌铁路建设孕育区域联通新前景，中欧班列累计开行12万列，一条又一条双向奔赴的“黄金通道”加速延伸拓展。
In the past year, we vigorously promoted high-quality Belt and Road cooperation. We signed cooperation programs and action plans with countries in South Asia, Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) and Central Asia, and our non-financial direct investment in Belt and Road partner countries grew by over 20 percent year on year. The Tazara Railway revitalization strengthened this monument to China-Africa friendship, the China-Kyrgyzstan-Uzbekistan railway opened up new prospects for regional connectivity, and the China Railway Express achieved an accumulative total of more than 120,000 freight services between China and Europe. These golden routes for two-way cooperation have extended their reach at a faster pace.
过去一年，我们扛起促进全球发展重任，连续举办进博会、服贸会、消博会，海南自贸港正式启动全岛封关，同东盟全面完成并签署自贸区3.0升级版议定书，同非洲持续实施“十大伙伴行动”，同拉美国家建设“五大工程”，同阿拉伯国家构建“五大合作格局”，同太平洋岛国形成七大合作平台架构，成功举行首次东盟—中国—海合会峰会，同各方结成更紧密发展合作伙伴。
In the past year, we took on the important mission of promoting global development. We hosted the China International Import Expo, the China International Fair for Trade in Services and the China International Consumer Products Expo, and we officially launched the island-wide special customs operations of the Hainan Free Trade Port. We fully completed the negotiations of and signed the China-ASEAN Free Trade Area 3.0 Upgrade Protocol, continued to deliver on the ten partnership actions with Africa, carried out five programs with LAC countries, developed five cooperation frameworks with Arab states, built seven cooperation platforms and frameworks with Pacific Island countries, and successfully held the first ASEAN-China-GCC Summit. Closer development cooperation partnerships were forged with various parties.
过去一年，我们克服外部环境干扰和挑战，向需要支持和帮助的国际伙伴伸出援手，对所有最不发达国家和非洲国家实施“零关税”，宣布在坚持发展中国家定位的同时，不在世贸组织谈判中寻求新的特殊和差别待遇，主动让利于全球南方国家，承担起中国的国际责任。
In the past year, we overcame external disturbances and challenges, and extended a helping hand to international partners in need. We applied zero tariff to all least developed countries and African countries having diplomatic relations with China, and announced that while keeping our developing country status, we would not seek new special and differential treatment in current and future negotiations at the WTO. Through these voluntary initiatives, China leaves a greater share of benefits to Global South countries, and lives up to its international responsibility.
过去一年，我们广迎四方客，持续扩容免签“朋友圈”，迄今已对48国实施单方面免签、对55国实施过境免签，今年前三季度免签入境外国人超过2000万、同比增长50%以上，开创了中外人文交流新局面。中国同世界的交流交融不断加深，世界投向中国的目光更加理性友善。
In the past year, we opened our door wider by expanding the visa exemption country list. To date, unilateral visa waiver is extended to 48 countries and visa-free transit to 55. In the first three quarters of this year, more than 20 million visa-free entries were recorded, an increase of over 50 percent year-on-year. We have opened a new prospect for people-to-people exchanges with other countries. Interactions and connections between China and other parts of the world have deepened, and international understanding and goodwill toward China have grown stronger.
面对国际道义危局，中国是压舱石。强权不是公理，赢者不能通吃；良知不会泯灭，公道自在人间。中国外交弘扬和平、发展、公平、正义、民主、自由的全人类共同价值，致力在国际上守正道、扬公道、行大道，坚定守护国际道义的底线。
Facing critical challenges to international justice, China acted as a steadying force. Might does not make right. The winner should not take all. Conscience will not be silenced. Justice will ultimately prevail. Chinese diplomacy is guided by humanity’s common values, that is, peace, development, fairness, justice, democracy and freedom. In international affairs, we are committed to upholding what is right, promoting what is fair, and serving the common good of all. We have been a staunch defender of the fundamental principles of international justice.
为寻求更加持久的和平，我们践行客观公正、标本兼治的中国特色热点问题解决之道，坚持不干涉内政、不拱火浇油、不拉偏架、不谋私利，一秉诚意斡旋缅北、伊核、印巴、巴以等矛盾以及最近的柬泰冲突。我们的坚持和努力经得起历史检验。国际社会促成加沙停火的努力值得欢迎，但世界仍欠巴勒斯坦一个公道。巴勒斯坦问题不能再次被边缘化，巴勒斯坦人民争取民族合法权利的事业不能无果而终，“巴人所有、巴人治巴”的原则必须坚持，“两国方案”仍是全面、公正、持久解决巴勒斯坦问题的唯一正确选择。
To build peace that lasts, we have taken an objective and just stance, and focused on addressing both symptoms and root causes. Following this Chinese approach to settling hotspot issues, we mediated in northern Myanmar, the Iranian nuclear issue, the tensions between Pakistan and India, the issues between Palestine and Israel, and the recent conflict between Cambodia and Thailand. In our efforts, there was no interference in the internal affairs of others, no incitement, no biased manipulation, and no selfish gains. There was only sincerity and good faith. Our principles and hard work will stand the test of history. On the Palestinian question, the international efforts that have brought about the ceasefire in Gaza is commendable, but the world still owes Palestine justice. This question must not be sidelined again, and the Palestinian people’s quest for legitimate national rights must not go unanswered. The principle of “Palestinian people owning and governing Palestine” must be upheld, and the two-State solution remains the only right choice for a comprehensive, just and lasting solution to the Palestinian question.
为争取一个更平等的世界，我们在事关国际道义的大是大非问题上坚定站在历史正确一边，旗帜鲜明反对霸权主义和强权政治，向遭受不公的国家提供力所能及的道义和行动支持。关税战、贸易战损害各国正当权益，损害多边贸易体制。我们挺身而出，既是为了维护自身正当权益，更是为了捍卫国际公平正义。
To build a fairer world, we have stood firm on the right side of history when it comes to central questions about right and wrong, questions that challenge international justice. We have unequivocally opposed hegemonism and power politics, and we have done our best to provide both moral and practical support to countries suffering injustice. Tariff and trade wars hurt the legitimate rights and interests of countries around the world, and undermine the multilateral trading system. We have stood up to such practices in defense of international fairness and justice as well as China’s legitimate rights and interests.
各位专家，各位朋友：
Dear Experts and Friends,
中美关系是当今世界最重要的双边关系之一。中美两国的战略选择，影响世界历史的演进方向。一年来，我们坚持从自身与世界的整体和长远利益出发看待和处理对美关系，在重大原则问题上立场坚定、态度鲜明，在涉及中国核心利益的问题上针锋相对、寸步不让，同时同美方接触对话、寻求合作，推动美方理性客观看待中国，通过协商对话解决双方分歧。习近平主席同特朗普总统4次通话、多次通信，在韩国釜山会晤期间就事关中美关系以及世界和平与发展的重大问题深入沟通，引领中美关系巨轮穿越急流险滩、保持正确航向。
The China-U.S. relationship is one of the most consequential bilateral relationships in today’s world. The strategic choices of the two countries will shape the course of world history. In the past year, we continued to approach and handle the relations with the U.S. with the overall and long-term interests of the world and of ourselves at heart. On major issues of principle, we maintained firm and unequivocal positions. On issues concerning China’s core interests, we responded with strength and held our ground. At the same time, we engaged and talked with the U.S. to seek cooperation, foster a more rational, objective view of China, and address differences through consultation and dialogue. President Xi Jinping and President Donald J. Trump had four phone calls and exchanged letters several times. In Busan, they had a thorough discussion on China-U.S. relations and major issues concerning world peace and development. They have guided the giant ship of China-U.S. relations through troubled waters and steered it in the right direction.
一年来中美关系发展的实践表明，能不能做到相互尊重、和平共处、合作共赢，是中美关系能否稳定发展、造福世界的关键所在。中美合则两利、斗则俱伤，居高临下行不通，言行不一不可取。中美必须在平等、尊重、互惠基础上寻找解决各自关切的办法，探索出两个大国的正确相处之道。
The course of this relationship over the past year demonstrates a fact: Mutual respect, peaceful coexistence and win-win cooperation between China and the U.S. is key to the stability and development of this relationship and the prosperity of the world. China and the U.S. will gain from cooperation and lose from confrontation. Heavy-handed tactics do not work. Saying one thing and doing another is not acceptable. China and the U.S. must seek solutions to their respective concerns based on equality, mutual respect and reciprocity, and find the right way for the two major countries to get along with each other.
台湾问题是中国的内政，是中国核心利益中的核心。针对“台独”势力的不断挑衅以及美国大规模对台售武，我们当然要坚决反对、有力反制。今年是台湾回归祖国80周年，实现祖国完全统一，是在依法维护国家的主权和领土完整，是我们必须完成的历史使命。我们看到，越来越多的国家和中国站在一起，不仅重申坚持一个中国原则、承认台湾是中国的领土，还明确反对一切“台独”分裂行径，支持中国统一大业。任何企图阻挡这一历史大势的倒行逆施都必将以失败而告终。
The Taiwan question is China’s internal affair. It is at the heart of China’s core interests. In the face of the repeated provocations from the “Taiwan independence” forces and the large-scale arms sales of the United States to Taiwan, it is only natural that we firmly oppose them and take forceful countermeasures. This year marks the 80th anniversary of Taiwan’s return to the motherland. Realizing complete national reunification is a lawful action of safeguarding sovereignty and territorial integrity, and a historical mission that we must fulfill. We are seeing more and more countries stand with China. They not only reaffirm their commitment to the one-China principle and recognize Taiwan as China’s territory, but also unequivocally oppose all separatist activities for “Taiwan independence” and support China’s reunification cause. Any attempt at blocking the overriding trend of history is doomed to fail.
中国特色大国外交2025年的奋斗历程，让我们比以往任何时候都更加深切地感受到：中国与世界的关系正在朝着更加积极的方向发展，中国的国际影响力、创新引领力、道义感召力显著提升。今天的中国外交之所以从容自信、破浪前行，关键在于习近平主席领航掌舵，关键在于习近平外交思想科学指引，关键在于党中央集中统一领导，同时也在于广大人民群众的大力支持，在于中国的外交理念始终占据国际道义的制高点。
A look back at our journey of major-country diplomacy with Chinese characteristics in 2025 strikes us more keenly than ever that the relationship between China and the world is developing in a more positive direction, and that China’s international influence, its capacity to lead new endeavors and its moral appeal have significantly enhanced. Today, with composure and confidence, China’s diplomacy is cleaving through the waves and pressing ahead. This is fundamentally attributable to the stewardship of President Xi Jinping, the sound guidance of Xi Jinping Thought on Diplomacy, and the centralized, unified leadership of the CPC Central Committee. It is also attributable to the enormous support of the people and the fact that China’s diplomatic vision always holds international moral high ground.
各位专家，各位朋友：
Dear Experts and Friends,
“十五五”时期是基本实现社会主义现代化夯实基础、全面发力的关键时期，中国与世界关系进入我们可以为人类发展进步作出更大贡献的新阶段。2026年作为“十五五”开局之年，中国特色大国外交要更有作为。
The 15th Five-Year Plan period will be a critical stage for our endeavor to reinforce the foundations and push ahead on all fronts toward basically realizing socialist modernization, and China’s relations with the rest of the world will enter a new stage where we can make greater contributions to the development and progress of humanity. In 2026, with the start of the 15th Five-Year Plan, our major-country diplomacy with Chinese characteristics should accomplish more.
第一，我们将为国家发展民族振兴提供更坚实战略支撑。“十五五”时期，我国发展将与世界百年变局进一步交织联动，国际形势深刻影响国内发展，中国发展深度牵动国际格局。
First, we will provide stronger strategic support for our national development and rejuvenation. During the 15th Five-Year Plan period, with China’s development further engaged with global transformations unseen in a century, changes in the international situation will have a more profound domestic effect, and China’s development will matter more deeply to the world.
服务好“十五五”起步开局是明年外交工作重要使命。我们将增强历史主动，提高政治站位，紧密对标党和国家发展新目标，坚决完成元首外交新任务，以系统观念把握百年变局新动向，有力服务高质量发展，积极推进高水平对外开放，有效化解外部风险挑战，助力我国在激烈国际竞争中继续赢得战略主动。我们将把中国人民的利益与世界各国人民的利益更紧密地结合起来，把中国式现代化与世界各国的现代化建设更有机地对接起来，为续写经济快速发展和社会长期稳定两大奇迹新篇章作出外交领域的新贡献，为以中国式现代化全面推进强国建设、民族复兴伟业营造更有利外部环境。
Next year, it will be an important mission for China’s diplomacy to facilitate a good start to the 15th Five-Year Plan. We will enhance our historical initiative and political awareness, make sure our work conforms with the new development goals of the Party and the country, faithfully fulfill the new tasks in head-of-state diplomacy, apply systems thinking in understanding new developments in the transformations unseen in a century, effectively contribute to China’s high-quality development, actively promote high-standard opening-up, and substantially mitigate external risks and challenges, so as to ensure that we continue to have the strategic and overall initiative amid intense international competition. We will align the interests of the Chinese people more closely with those of other nations, and Chinese modernization with the modernization endeavors of other countries. Through such efforts, we in the foreign service will make new contributions to writing a new chapter of the twin miracles of rapid economic growth and enduring social stability, and create a more favorable external environment for building China into a great modern socialist country in all respects and advancing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation through Chinese modernization.
第二，我们将为走出大国关系新路开辟更有效途径。大国是影响战争与和平的主要因素。世界必须找到一条新时期大国和平共进的新路。
Second, we will blaze new trails in forging a new type of major-country relations. Major countries are key players on the question of war and peace. The world must find a new pathway for major countries to move forward together in peace in the new era.
中国锚定的是和平发展，在提升自身和平发展战略能力的过程中，致力于推动其他大国也走和平发展道路，携手构建和平共处、总体稳定、均衡发展的大国关系格局。我们将坚持按照相互尊重、和平共处、合作共赢三原则，打造中美两国积极互动新范式，在坚定维护国家主权、安全、发展利益基础上，推动中美关系实现健康、稳定、可持续发展。我们将巩固永久睦邻友好、全面战略协作、互利合作共赢的中俄关系，为中俄新时代全面战略协作伙伴关系不断增添新内涵，共同维护好大国关系和国际战略稳定。我们将弘扬中欧相互尊重、求同存异、开放合作、互利共赢的交往传统，打开中欧关系新空间，做坚守多边主义的真伙伴。
China remains unwavering in its pursuit of peaceful development. While enhancing its own strategic capacity for peaceful development, China is committed to encouraging other major countries to follow the path of peaceful development as well, so as to jointly build a structure of major-country relationship that is characterized by peaceful coexistence, overall stability and balanced development. We will shape a new model of positive engagement with the U.S. in line with the three principles of mutual respect, peaceful coexistence and mutually beneficial cooperation, and push for sound, steady and sustainable development of China-U.S. relations on the premise of firmly safeguarding our sovereignty, security and development interests. We will consolidate China-Russia relations featuring lasting good-neighborliness, comprehensive strategic coordination, and mutually beneficial and win-win cooperation, keep enriching the substance of the China-Russia comprehensive strategic partnership of coordination for a new era, and work together with Russia to maintain good major-country relations and international strategic stability. We will carry forward the China-Europe tradition of respecting each other, seeking common ground while shelving differences, upholding openness and cooperation, and working for mutual benefit, and we will open up new space for China-Europe relations, and be true partners with Europe in firmly upholding multilateralism.
第三，我们将为构建周边命运共同体作出更积极努力。构建人类命运共同体是中国外交的崇高目标，是需要不懈努力、持续推进的历史进程。周边是推动构建人类命运共同体的关键。
Third, we will work more actively to build a community with a shared future with neighboring countries. This is a noble goal of China’s diplomacy and a historical process that requires relentless and continuous efforts. Our relations with neighboring countries play a key role in advancing this endeavor.
我们将深入贯彻中央周边工作会议精神，秉持亲诚惠容、命运与共理念，携手各国共建和平家园，倡导共同安全意识，妥善管控矛盾分歧，让人民远离冲突和战争。共建安宁家园，积极斡旋热点问题降温回稳，培育彼此战略互信，消除矛盾滋生的土壤条件。共建繁荣家园，挖掘RCEP合作潜力，确保中国东盟自贸区3.0尽早实施，深化周边发展融合格局。共建美丽家园，加强生态文明交流，践行“绿水青山就是金山银山”理念，推动区域可持续发展。共建友好家园，扩大人文交流，推进民心相通，筑牢周边命运共同体的民意民心根基。
We will implement the guiding principles of the Central Conference on Work Related to Neighboring Countries, follow the principle of amity, sincerity, mutual benefit and inclusiveness, and stay true to the vision of a shared future for humanity. We will join hands with neighboring countries to build a peaceful home by advocating a sense of common security, managing differences and disputes properly, and keeping conflicts and wars at bay. We will join hands with neighboring countries to build a safe and secure home by actively mediating and cooling down hotspot issues to restore stability, fostering strategic mutual trust between one another, and eliminating the root causes of disputes. We will join hands with neighboring countries to build a prosperous home by harnessing the potential of cooperation under the RCEP framework, ensuring the early implementation of the China-ASEAN Free Trade Area 3.0, and deepening development integration with our neighbors. We will join hands with neighboring countries to build a beautiful home by strengthening exchanges on ecological conservation, practicing the philosophy that lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets, and promoting sustainable development in the region. We will join hands with neighboring countries to build an amicable home by expanding cultural exchanges, promoting people-to-people connectivity, and consolidating the popular support for the vision of a community with a shared future with neighboring countries.
第四，我们将为全球南方共同迈向现代化汇聚更磅礴力量。现代化不等于西方化，中国与全球南方国家在现代化道路上相互支持、并肩前行，将共同绘就人类文明进步新的壮丽图景。
Fourth, we will foster greater synergy for the Global South’s joint march toward modernization. Modernization is not a synonym for westernization. On the path to modernization, China and Global South countries will support each other, press ahead shoulder-to-shoulder and jointly open up a new bright prospect for the progress of human civilization.
作为最大发展中国家，中国将坚定维护发展中国家整体利益，致力于全球南方联合自强。金砖国家是全球南方合作的重要平台。我们将支持金砖机制做大做强，推动金砖国家在多极化进程中提升代表性和话语权。2026年是中非建交70周年。我们将推进《支持非洲现代化合作倡议》，加快同非洲国家商签共同发展经济伙伴关系协定，推动对非洲“零关税”政策加快落地，书写中非命运与共的历史新篇。中东局势动荡牵动世界。我们将主办第二届中国—阿拉伯国家峰会，增强中阿团结互信，加快完成中国—海合会自由贸易协定谈判，朝着建设中阿命运共同体方向不断迈进。我们密切关注拉美地区形势变化，将坚定支持拉美国家捍卫自身主权和民族尊严，在自主选择的道路上加快发展振兴。
As the largest developing country, China will firmly safeguard the overall interests of developing countries and stay committed to strength through unity for the Global South. BRICS is an important platform for Global South cooperation. We will support a bigger and stronger BRICS mechanism, and promote greater representation and voice of the BRICS countries in the process of multipolarization. The year 2026 marks the 70th anniversary of diplomatic relations between China and African countries. We will advance the Initiative on Cooperation Supporting Modernization in Africa, speed up the negotiation and signing of an agreement on economic partnership for shared development with African countries, and push for the early application of zero-tariff policy, so as to write a new chapter in China-Africa joint endeavor for a shared future. The volatile situation in the Middle East is a grave concern for the world. We will host the second China-Arab States Summit to strengthen the solidarity and mutual trust between China and Arab states, accelerate the negotiations on a China-GCC Free Trade Agreement, and move forward toward the building of a China-Arab community with a shared future. We closely follow the developments in Latin America and the Caribbean, and will firmly support LAC countries in defending sovereignty and national dignity and accelerating development and revitalization along the paths they have independently chosen.
第五，我们将为全球开放合作注入更强劲动力。“十五五”规划是中国发展的新蓝图，也是中国与世界合作共赢的新愿景。中国将坚持高水平对外开放，持续向世界释放超大规模市场红利，引领全球开放合作潮流、对冲脱钩封闭逆流，同各国共克时艰、共享机遇。
Fifth, we will inject stronger impetus into global openness and cooperation. The 15th Five-Year Plan is the new blueprint for China’s development and offers a new vision for the win-win cooperation between China and countries around the world. China will adhere to high-standard opening up, continue to share the benefits of its mega market with the rest of the world, lead the trend of global openness and cooperation to counter decoupling and isolation, and work with all countries to overcome difficulties and share opportunities.
我们将在高质量共建“一带一路”进程中，更好统筹重大标志性工程和“小而美”民生项目，妥善应对发展道路上出现的干扰和困难，建设好这一全球规模最大、范围最广的国际合作平台，走好这条中国与世界共赢之路。我们将坚定维护以世贸组织为核心的多边贸易体制，共同抵制保护主义和关税霸道霸凌，拓展同世界各国各地区的贸易和投资自由化便利化。作为2026年亚太经合组织东道主，我们将与各经济体加强沟通、密切协调，合力推进亚太共同体建设，激活并探索实现亚太自贸区的路径，让亚太地区继续走在世界开放合作的前列。
We will advance high-quality Belt and Road cooperation by better coordinating major signature projects and “small and beautiful” livelihood programs, and properly addressing disruptions and difficulties along the way. We will steadily develop this largest and most extensive platform for international cooperation, fulfilling its potential and forging a path of shared success between China and the world. We will firmly uphold the WTO-centered multilateral trading regime, jointly resist protectionism, tariff hegemony and tariff bullying, and expand trade and investment liberalization and facilitation with countries and regions across the world. As the host of APEC 2026, we will strengthen communication and coordination with member economies to jointly advance the building of an Asia-Pacific community. We will energize and explore pathways toward a Free Trade Area of the Asia-Pacific (FTAAP) to ensure that this region continues to lead the world in openness and cooperation.
第六，我们将为改革完善全球治理作出更突出贡献。面对接踵而来的全球性挑战，国际体系和机制急需与时俱进、改革完善。习近平主席相继提出全球发展、全球安全、全球文明、全球治理四大倡议，倡导推进平等有序的世界多极化、普惠包容的经济全球化，为构建更加公正合理的全球治理体系提供了战略引领。
Sixth, we will make greater contributions to reforming and improving global governance. Confronted with successive global challenges, the international system and institutions urgently need to reform and improve in order to keep pace with the times. President Xi Jinping has put forward four major initiatives, namely, the Global Development Initiative, the Global Security Initiative, the Global Civilization Initiative and the Global Governance Initiative, calling for an equal and orderly multipolar world and a universally beneficial and inclusive economic globalization. This provides strategic guidance for building a more just and equitable global governance system.
我们将同志同道合国家一道，践行真正的多边主义，继续做现行国际体系的维护者和建设者。我们将携手各方，增强联合国权威和地位，坚守联合国宪章宗旨和原则，支持联合国在关乎世界和平与发展的重大问题上发挥核心作用。我们将大力推动发展议题重回全球治理议程的中心，支持优先增加全球南方国家在各种治理机制中的权重。我们将积极弥补“治理赤字”、填补“治理盲区”、拓展“治理疆域”，本着开放包容精神同各方共商共建新的治理机制和平台。
Together with like-minded countries, we will practice true multilateralism and remain a steadfast defender and contributor to the current international system. We will work with all sides to strengthen the authority and standing of the U.N., uphold the purposes and principles of the U.N. Charter, and support the U.N. in playing the central role on major issues concerning world peace and development. We will vigorously push for refocus on development agenda, and support giving Global South countries greater weight in international governance mechanisms and making it a priority. We will actively address governance deficits, fill governance gaps, and expand the frontiers of global governance. In an open and inclusive spirit, we will discuss and work with all parties to develop new governance mechanisms and platforms.
第七，我们将为捍卫国家利益展现更坚定使命担当。身处百年变局，中国外交将勇于直面风高浪急甚至惊涛骇浪的考验。我们将坚持原则、坚守底线，坚定维护国家主权、安全、发展利益，坚决挫败一切分裂国家的行径。我们将以不畏强权的坚定意志，不断提升和完善反制裁、反干预、反“长臂管辖”能力，为有效维护国家和人民利益提供更有力机制保障。我们将毫不动摇践行外交为民宗旨，加快构建更加严密的海外安全保障体系，强化风险预警机制建设，加强同各国执法安全合作，让中国公民、法人在海外工作生活更安全、更踏实、更放心。
Seventh, we will act with a stronger sense of mission and responsibility in safeguarding national interests. Navigating a world in profound transformation, China’s diplomatic service will rise to the tests of “high winds, choppy waters, and even dangerous storms” with unwavering courage. We will stand by our principles, defend our bottom lines, firmly safeguard China’s sovereignty, security and development interests, and resolutely thwart any attempts to split the country. With a steadfast will unyielding to bullying, we will continue to enhance and improve our capabilities in countering sanctions, interference and “long-arm jurisdiction,” and have stronger institutional safeguards in place to protect the interests of our country and people. We will stay true to our people-centered diplomacy, expedite our efforts to build a closer-knit system of overseas consular protection, strengthen risk early-warning mechanisms, and enhance law enforcement and security cooperation with other countries, to help Chinese citizens and businesses overseas feel safer, more secure and fully assured.
各位专家，各位朋友：
Dear Experts and Friends,
时代潮流浩浩荡荡，中华民族伟大复兴势不可挡。我们将更加紧密地团结在以习近平同志为核心的党中央周围，坚持习近平外交思想的科学指引，以更加积极主动的历史担当、更加富有活力的创造精神，为强国建设、民族复兴伟业和构建人类命运共同体事业作出新的贡献。
The wheel of history rolls forward with unstoppable might, and the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation surges ahead with irresistible momentum. We will rally more closely around the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core, follow the scientific guidance of Xi Jinping Thought on Diplomacy, and, with greater initiatives in fulfilling our historical mission and a more dynamic spirit of innovation, make new contributions to building China into a great modern socialist country, to the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation, and to the building of a community with a shared future for humanity.
谢谢大家！
Thank you!
