俄罗斯总统普京接受新华社专访文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/16206.html
Xinhua’s Interview with Putin文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/16206.html
文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/16206.html
俄罗斯总统普京日前接受了新华社的书面专访。文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/16206.html
文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/16206.html
Russian President Vladimir Putin took a written interview with Xinhua.文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/16206.html
文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/16206.html
以下为专访全文：文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/16206.html
文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/16206.html
The following is the full text of the interview:文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/16206.html
问：今年5月，中国国家主席习近平对俄罗斯进行国事访问并出席纪念苏联伟大卫国战争胜利80周年庆典，访问取得圆满成功。不久后，您也将前往中国出席上海合作组织天津峰会、中国人民抗日战争暨世界反法西斯战争胜利80周年纪念活动。请问：您对此行有何期待？十余年来，您和习近平主席密切交往，为两国关系不断向前发展领航定向。在您的眼中，习近平主席是一位什么样的领导人？
Question 1: In May this year, President of the People’s Republic of China Xi Jinping paid a state visit to Russia and took part in the celebrations marking the 80th anniversary of Victory in the Great Patriotic War – a visit that proved highly successful. Your own visit to China is expected shortly. What are your expectations for the upcoming visit? Over the past decade, you and President Xi have maintained close contacts, shaping and guiding the steady development of bilateral relations. How would you describe President Xi Jinping as a leader?
答：的确，我们的朋友、中华人民共和国主席习近平今年5月对俄罗斯的访问取得圆满成功，在国际上引起广泛反响，并在我国获得最高赞誉。此次访问恰逢一个对我们而言神圣的日子——伟大卫国战争胜利80周年，正因如此，此次访问对俄中关系的发展具有深远的象征意义。我们确认了两国人民致力于长期加强睦邻友好和互利合作传统的战略选择。
Answer: Indeed, the visit of our friend, President of China Xi Jinping, to Russia in May was a resounding success, drew wide international attention and was highly regarded in our country. His arrival coincided with a date that is sacred to us, the 80th anniversary of Victory in the Great Patriotic War, thereby lending deep symbolic significance to the further development of Russian-Chinese relations. We reaffirmed the strategic choice of our peoples in favour of strengthening the traditions of good-neighbourliness, friendship, and long-term, mutually beneficial cooperation.
在莫斯科的庆典上，中国领导人成为主宾。在最高级别的双边会谈中，就我们两国合作的关键问题进行了富有成效的探讨。最终，双方通过了一份内容详实的联合声明，并签署了一揽子双边文件。
The Chinese leader was the principal guest of honour at the celebrations in Moscow. During our high-level talks, we held a very productive discussion of key issues in cooperation between our nations. The outcome was a comprehensive joint statement and the signing of a substantial package of bilateral documents.
应习近平主席邀请，我们很快将回访中国。我非常高兴再次访问天津。众所周知，上海合作组织峰会将在此举行，中国作为轮值主席国正在组织本届峰会。我们期待，天津峰会之后，该组织将获得更加强劲的发展势头，提升其应对当前挑战和威胁的能力，增进我们共同的欧亚空间的团结。所有这些都将有助于构建更加公正的多极世界秩序。
Very soon, at the invitation of President Xi, I will pay a return visit to China. I look forward with great pleasure to visiting the city of Tianjin, which will host the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation summit under China’s presidency. We expect that the summit will give the Organisation powerful new momentum, strengthen its capacity to respond to contemporary challenges and threats, and consolidate solidarity across our shared Eurasian space. All this will help shape a fairer multipolar world order.
至于俄中会谈，将在北京举行。我很高兴与习近平主席深入探讨双边议程的各个方面，包括政治和安全领域协作、经济和人文领域合作。当然，按照惯例，我们将就重要的地区和国际问题交换意见。
As for the Russian-Chinese talks, these will take place in Beijing. I look forward to in-depth discussions with President Xi Jinping on all aspects of our bilateral agenda, including political and security cooperation, as well as economic, cultural and humanitarian ties. And, as always, we will exchange views on pressing regional and international issues.
在北京，我们还将缅怀我们父辈、祖父辈和曾祖父辈的丰功伟绩，他们共同击败了日本军国主义，从而结束了第二次世界大战。我们将缅怀那些用鲜血铸就两国人民战友兄弟情谊、捍卫我们国家自由、独立和自主发展权利的先烈们。
In Beijing, we will also pay tribute to the shared act of heroism of our fathers, grandfathers and great-grandfathers, who together defeated militarist Japan, thereby bringing the Second World War to its final conclusion. We will honour the memory of those who sealed with their blood the brotherhood of our peoples, defended the freedom and independence of our states, and secured their right to sovereign development.
习近平主席高度珍视本国历史，我从与他的个人交往中了解到这一点。他是一位真正的世界大国领袖，一位具有战略思维和全球视野、始终将国家利益放在首位的意志坚定的领导人。在国际形势发生复杂变化的时刻，由这样的领导人掌舵，对中国至关重要。中华人民共和国主席正在为全世界树立榜样，展现当今世界可以且应该如何与外国伙伴进行相互尊重和平等的对话。俄罗斯高度赞赏中国国家主席真诚希望全面发展与我国的全面战略协作伙伴关系。
President Xi Jinping treats his country’s history with utmost respect; I know this from personal communication with him. He is a true leader of a great world power, a man of strong will, endowed with strategic vision and a global outlook, and unwavering in his commitment to national interests. It is of exceptional importance for China that such a person stands at the helm at this challenging, pivotal moment in international affairs. The President of China sets an example for the entire world of what a respectful and equitable dialogue with foreign partners can and should be today. In Russia, we deeply value the Chinese leader’s genuine commitment to advancing our comprehensive partnership and strategic cooperation.
问：中国和苏联分别作为二战亚洲和欧洲主战场，为赢得世界反法西斯战争胜利付出了巨大牺牲、作出了重大贡献。您认为在当前国际局势下，铭记这一胜利有怎样的现实意义？面对国际上一些势力歪曲历史真相的企图，中俄两国应如何合作捍卫共同的历史记忆？
Question 2: China and the Soviet Union, as the principal battlegrounds of the Second World War in Asia and Europe, bore enormous sacrifices and made a significant contribution to victory in the global fight against fascism. In your view, what is the relevance of preserving the memory of that Victory in today’s complex international environment? How should China and Russia jointly defend their shared historical memory at a time when some forces on the international stage are attempting to distort historical truth?
答：正如我刚才所说，今年我们与中国朋友共同庆祝伟大卫国战争胜利和军国主义日本投降80周年，后者标志着第二次世界大战结束。
Answer: As I have already noted, this year, together with our Chinese friends, we commemorate the 80th anniversary of Victory in the Great Patriotic War and the capitulation of militarist Japan, which marked the end of the Second World War.
苏联和中国人民首当其冲，在战争中承受了最惨重、数量最多的人员伤亡。我们两国人民在抗击侵略者的斗争中付出了巨大的牺牲，并在战胜纳粹主义和军国主义的过程中发挥了关键作用。这些残酷的考验清晰地展现并巩固了两国友好互助的优良传统，为现代俄中关系奠定了坚实基础。
The peoples of the Soviet Union and China bore the brunt of the fighting and suffered the heaviest losses. It was our citizens who endured the greatest hardships in the struggle against the invaders and played a decisive role in defeating Nazism and militarism. Through those severe trials, the finest traditions of friendship and mutual assistance were forged and strengthened – traditions that today form a solid foundation for Russian-Chinese relations.
还记得，早在第二次世界大战爆发之前，也就是上世纪30年代，当日本背信弃义地挑起对中国的武装冲突时，苏联就向中国人民伸出了援助之手。数千名苏联职业军官作为军事顾问，为中国军队的建设和军事行动的开展提供了咨询支持。苏联飞行员也与中国战友并肩作战，英勇抗击侵略者。
I would remind you that even before the full-scale outbreak of the Second World War, in the 1930s, when Japan treacherously launched a war of aggression against China, the Soviet Union extended a helping hand to the Chinese people. Thousands of our career officers served as military advisers, assisting in strengthening the Chinese army and providing guidance in combat operations. Soviet pilots also fought bravely alongside their Chinese brothers-in-arms.
1937年10月至1941年6月，苏联向中国提供了总计1235架飞机、数千门火炮、数万挺机枪以及弹药、装备和补给。其主要运输路线是经由中亚通往中国新疆的陆路走廊，苏联专家在最短时间内修建了一条公路，以确保物资供应不间断。
Between October 1937 and June 1941, the Soviet Union supplied China with 1,235 aircraft, thousands of artillery pieces, tens of thousands of machine guns, as well as ammunition, equipment, and supplies. The principal route was an overland corridor through Central Asia to China’s Xinjiang Province, where Soviet specialists built a road in record time to ensure uninterrupted deliveries.
历史事实无可争辩地证明了当年战斗的规模和惨烈程度。我们铭记著名的“百团大战”的伟大意义，中国共产党军队从日本占领下解放了拥有500万人口的土地。我们也记得苏联士兵和指挥员在哈桑湖和哈拉哈河与日本的军事冲突中取得的无与伦比的成果。1939年夏天，我们传奇统帅格奥尔吉·朱可夫在蒙古草原赢得了他的第一次辉煌胜利，这实际上拉开了未来击溃柏林-东京-罗马轴心国的序幕。而在1945年，苏联红军在中国东北的战略进攻行动为解放该地区发挥了决定性作用，彻底改变了远东局势，并最终使军国主义日本的投降成为必然。
The historical record leaves no doubt as to the scale and ferocity of those battles. We remember the great significance of the famous Hundred Regiments Offensive, when Chinese Communist forces liberated a territory with a population of five million from Japanese occupation. We also recall the unparalleled feats of Soviet troops and commanders in their clashes with Japan at Lake Khasan and the Khalkhin Gol River. In the summer of 1939, our legendary commander Georgy Zhukov won his first major victory in the Mongolian steppes, which in effect foreshadowed the later defeat of the Berlin-Tokyo-Rome Axis. In 1945, the Manchurian Strategic Offensive Operation played a decisive role in liberating northeast China, dramatically altering the situation in the Far East and making the capitulation of militarist Japan inevitable.
当然，俄罗斯永远不会忘记，正是中国的英勇抵抗，成为阻止日本在1941年至1942年进攻苏联、对我们背后捅刀的决定性因素之一，那几年是我们十分艰难的时期。这使得苏联红军得以集中力量打败纳粹德国、解放欧洲。两国之间的密切协作也成为反希特勒联盟形成的重要因素，有助于中国成为一个强国，也推动围绕战后世界秩序问题进行建设性讨论，并促进反殖民主义运动的开展。
In Russia, we will never forget that China’s heroic resistance was one of the crucial factors that prevented Japan from stabbing the Soviet Union in the back during the darkest months of 1941-1942. This enabled the Red Army to concentrate its efforts on crushing Nazism and liberating Europe. Close cooperation between our two countries was also an important element in forming the anti-Hitler coalition, strengthening China as a great power, and in the constructive discussions that shaped the post-war settlement and helped to reinvigorate the anti-colonial movement.
永远缅怀那些展现出真正爱国主义和英勇气概、经受住一切考验、战胜强大且残酷敌人的同胞，这是我们的责任。我们对所有老战士深表敬意，向那些为了子孙后代的自由和我们国家的独立而英勇牺牲的人们致以深深的敬意。我们感谢中方精心保存了在为中国解放的战斗中献出生命的苏联红军战士纪念设施。
It is our sacred duty to honour the memory of our compatriots who displayed true patriotism and courage, endured all hardships, and defeated powerful and ruthless enemies. We pay deep respect to all veterans and those who gave their lives for the freedom of future generations and the independence of our countries. We are grateful to China for its careful preservation of memorials to Red Army soldiers who gave their lives in battles for the liberation of China.
这种对历史真诚负责的态度与某些欧洲国家的情况截然不同。在那些国家，苏联解放战士的纪念碑和墓地被野蛮亵渎和摧毁，一些“令人不快”的历史事实被篡改。
Such a sincere and responsible attitude towards the past stands in stark contrast to the situation in some European countries, where monuments and graves of Soviet liberators are desecrated in a barbaric manner or destroyed, and inconvenient historical facts are erased.
我们看到，在一些西方国家，二战成果正在被篡改，纽伦堡法庭和东京法庭的判决被公然无视。这种危险趋势源于不愿忆起当代西方精英的先辈们对发动世界大战所承担的直接过失，妄图抹去其自身历史上可耻的一页，并意图鼓动复仇主义和新纳粹主义。历史真相正在被歪曲和掩盖，以迎合政治局势。以虚构的所谓俄罗斯和中国威胁为借口，日本军国主义正在复活，而包括德国在内的欧洲，丝毫不为任何历史相似之处而感到羞愧，反而为欧洲大陆重新军事化制定路线。
We see that in certain Western states the results of the Second World War are de facto revised, and the verdicts of the Nuremberg and Tokyo tribunals are openly disregarded. These dangerous tendencies stem from a reluctance to acknowledge the direct culpability of the predecessors of today’s Western elites in unleashing the world war, and the desire to erase the shameful pages of their own history, thereby encouraging revanchism and neo-Nazism. Historical truth is being distorted and suppressed to suit their current political agendas. Japanese militarism is being revived under the pretext of imaginary Russian or Chinese threats, while in Europe, including Germany, steps are being taken towards the re-militarisation of the continent, with little regard for historical parallels.
俄罗斯和中国坚决谴责任何歪曲二战历史、美化纳粹分子、军国主义者及其仆从、复仇者和刽子手、抹黑解放者战士的企图。已载入联合国宪章和其他国际文书中的战争成果不可动摇，任何篡改都不可接受。这是我们与中国朋友共同的坚定立场。
Russia and China resolutely condemn any attempts to distort the history of the Second World War, glorify Nazis, militarists and their accomplices, members of death squads and killers, or to defame Soviet liberators. The results of that war are enshrined in the UN Charter and other international instruments. They are inviolable and not subject to revision. This is our shared, unwavering position with our Chinese friends.
苏中两国人民共同抗击德国纳粹主义和日本军国主义的经历对我们具有永恒的价值。我重申，中华人民共和国主席习近平出席俄罗斯纪念苏联伟大卫国战争胜利80周年庆典具有重大和深刻的象征意义。在纪念苏联伟大卫国战争和中国人民抗日战争胜利以及联合国成立80周年之际，两国签署了关于进一步深化俄中新时代全面战略协作伙伴关系的联合声明。这份文件阐述了我们两国对一些国家企图摧毁人类历史记忆、以声名狼藉的“基于规则的秩序”取代第二次世界大战后建立的世界秩序、协作与对话的基本原则的共同立场。
The memory of the joint struggle of the Soviet and Chinese peoples against German Nazism and Japanese militarism is an enduring value for us. I would like to reiterate that the participation of President Xi Jinping in Russia’s commemorations of the 80th anniversary of the Great Victory carried profound symbolic importance. To mark the 80th anniversary of the USSR’s Victory in the Great Patriotic War, China’s Victory in the War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, and the founding of the United Nations, we signed a Joint Statement on Further Deepening the China-Russia Comprehensive Strategic Partnership of Coordination for a New Era. This document provides a consolidated response by our countries to attempts by certain states to dismantle humanity’s historical memory and to replace the well-established principles of world order and dialogue forged after the Second World War with the so-called “rules-based order”.
问：近年来，中俄务实合作在能源、农业、汽车、基础设施等各领域取得积极成果并不断实现新突破，双边贸易额创新高。您如何评价当前中俄务实合作现状？您对进一步继续推动中俄高质量互利合作有何设想？
Question 3: In recent years, practical cooperation between China and Russia in such areas as energy, agriculture, automotive manufacturing and infrastructure has produced positive results and brought about new breakthroughs, while bilateral trade has reached record levels. How do you assess the current state of Chinese-Russian practical cooperation? What are your plans for further promoting high-quality, mutually beneficial cooperation between China and Russia?
答：俄中经济关系达到了前所未有的高水平。自2021年以来，贸易额增长约1000亿美元。在双边贸易规模上，中国无疑是俄罗斯的第一大贸易伙伴国，在中国的贸易伙伴国中，俄罗斯去年位列第五。需要强调的是，贸易额数字以美元等价计算，但两国间的结算几乎已完全转向本币，美元和欧元的份额已降至统计误差水平。
Answer: Economic relations between Russia and China have reached an unprecedented level. Since 2021, bilateral trade has grown by about USD 100 billion. In terms of trade volume, China is by far Russia’s leading partner, while last year Russia ranked fifth among China’s foreign trade partners. I would stress that while trade figures are denominated in US dollar equivalents, transactions between Russia and China are carried out in rubles and yuan, with the dollar or euro share reduced to a statistical discrepancy.
俄罗斯在向中国出口石油和天然气方面稳居前列。自2019年“西伯利亚力量”输气管道投运以来，“蓝色燃料”累计输送量已超1000亿立方米。我们计划于2027年投运另一条天然气管道，即所谓“远东干线”。在俄罗斯北极地区的液化天然气项目上，双方也在开展有效合作。
Russia firmly retains its position as a leading exporter of oil and gas to China. Since the Power of Siberia pipeline began its operation in 2019, cumulative deliveries of natural gas have already exceeded 100 billion cubic metres. In 2027, we plan to launch another major gas route, the so-called Far Eastern Route. We are also working together effectively on LNG projects in Russia’s Arctic region.
我们继续努力降低相互贸易壁垒。近年来已实现俄罗斯对华猪肉和牛肉出口。总体而言，食品及农产品已成为俄罗斯对华出口的主要货物品类之一。
We continue our joint efforts to reduce bilateral trade barriers. In recent years, the export of pork and beef to China has been launched. Overall, agricultural and food products occupy a prominent place in Russia’s exports to China.
双边投资规模扩大。去年双方签署了新版《俄中投资合作规划纲要》。今年签署了关于促进和相互保护投资的协定。重点领域大型合作项目正在落实。
Bilateral investment volumes are growing. Last year, Russia and China agreed to an updated Plan for Bilateral Investment Cooperation. This year, a new Agreement on the Promotion and Mutual Protection of Investments has been signed. Large-scale joint projects are being implemented in priority sectors.
我们两国在工业领域开展紧密合作。俄罗斯是中国汽车向全球出口的主要市场之一。与此同时，在俄罗斯实现本地化生产的不仅有中国汽车，还有家用电器。双方正共同建设高科技生产设施及基础设施项目，在建筑材料产业领域也制定了宏大的合作计划。
Our countries are cooperating closely in industry. Russia is one of the world’s principal markets for Chinese car exports. At the same time, production is being localised in Russia not only for Chinese cars but also for household appliances. Together, we are building high-tech manufacturing and infrastructure facilities. We also have large-scale plans in the construction materials industry.
总之，我们两国间的经济合作、贸易往来和产业协作正在多个领域推进。在我即将进行的访问期间，双方将就互利合作的新前景和新举措进行深入探讨，以造福俄中两国人民。
To sum up, economic cooperation, trade and industrial collaboration between our countries are advancing across multiple areas. During my upcoming visit, we will certainly discuss further prospects for mutually beneficial cooperation and new steps to intensify it for the benefit of the peoples of Russia and China.
