人民性：新发展理念是坚持以人民为中心的发展思想的集中体现
A people-centered set of principles: China’s new development principles adhere to a notion of development that puts the people first. 文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/2541.html
文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/2541.html
依靠人民、为了人民，为人民发展、由人民享有，是我国发展要解决的根本问题，也是马克思主义政党的根本价值取向。我们国家是共产党领导的社会主义国家，理所当然要把实现好维护好发展好最广大人民根本利益作为发展的根本出发点和落脚点。新发展理念把实现人民幸福作为发展的目的和归宿，坚持发展为了人民、发展依靠人民、发展成果由人民共享。越是发展到更高层次、更高水平，越要坚持人人参与、人人尽力、人人享有，使发展更具公平性、普惠性，让人民群众有更多获得感、幸福感。历史和现实反复证明，不以人民为中心的发展是违背社会发展规律的，是不可持续的。近年来，西方资本主义国家之所以难以走出经济低迷的泥潭，一个重要原因就是无法克服资本追求利润最大化的弊端。其政府出台一系列救助政策，最大获益者都是大资本家，而不是受危机打击最重的中产阶级和底层民众。从美国的“占领华尔街”“民主之春”到法国的“黑夜站立”，无不深刻地反映了这一难以解开的“死结”。文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/2541.html
文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/2541.html
Development is reliant on the people, for the people, and shared by the people. This is the fundamental purpose of China’s development, and the fundamental value to which a Marxist political party aspires. Given that China is a socialist country led by a communist party, it is to be expected that we regard realizing, safeguarding, and developing the fundamental interests of the largest possible majority of people as the essential purpose of development. With the ultimate goal of making life better for the people, China’s new principles of development uphold the notion that development is for the people, reliant on the people, and that its fruits should be shared by the people. The more developed our economy becomes, the stronger our commitment must be to allowing all people to participate in, devote themselves to, and share the fruits of development, so that development can become fairer and more universal, and the people can enjoy a greater sense of gain and happiness. As history has repeatedly shown, development that does not revolve around the people contravenes the laws of social development and cannot be sustained. A major reason why Western capitalist countries have struggled to emerge from their economic slump in recent years is that they have been unable to address the problem of capital always seeking to maximize its profits. Their governments have introduced a series of policies aimed at helping the economy, but their biggest beneficiaries have been the capitalists, and not the middle class and lower classes who have been hardest hit by the crisis. A series of events, from “Occupy Wall Street” and “Democracy Spring” in the US to “Nuit debout” in France, profoundly reflect this state of deadlock.文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/2541.html
文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/2541.html
新发展理念坚持以人民为中心的发展思想，突出了人在社会经济活动中的核心地位，紧紧围绕发展的根本目的、基本动力、价值尺度，从唯物史观的高度进一步回答了当代中国究竟“为谁发展”“靠谁发展”的问题。在创新发展中，强调人才是支撑发展的第一资源，创新的一个重要目的就是为了给人们提供更好的产品和服务；在协调发展中，强调补齐农村、西部相对落后的短板，让人们享受普惠政策、生活得更加公平；在绿色发展中，强调人与自然和谐相处，目的是为人们提供更加舒适的生存发展环境；开放发展说到底是为了让人们能够面向世界获得更大发展机会、享受更多发展成果；共享发展强调要让改革发展成果由全体人民共同享有，同时使发展获得深厚伟力，具有更加鲜明的人民性。可以说，人民至上的价值取向是贯穿新发展理念的红线，是贯彻落实新发展理念的根本要求所在。把握好新发展理念的人民性，就要把践行新发展理念的过程作为增进人民福祉、促进社会公平正义的过程，坚决打赢脱贫攻坚战，着力解决收入分配差距过大、公共服务供给不足、社会保障滞后等突出问题，让人民群众过上更加美好的生活。文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/2541.html
文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/2541.html
China’s new development principles adhere to a notion of development that puts the people first. Highlighting the core role of the people in social and economic activities, and maintaining a tight focus on the fundamental goals, drivers, and measures of development, they further answer two important questions from the perspective of historical materialism: Whom is China developing for? And whom does it rely on to develop? With innovative development, we emphasize that talent is the key resource underpinning development, and that an important purpose of innovation is to provide people with better products and services. With coordinated development, we stress the need to make up for the lagging development of rural and western parts of the country, allowing people in these areas to enjoy policies for general welfare and a greater degree of fairness. With green development, we emphasize that the purpose of harmonious coexistence between humankind and nature is to provide people with more amiable environments in which to live and develop. With open development, we essentially want people to be able to secure greater development opportunities from the outside world and benefit more from development. And with shared development, we lay emphasis on allowing achievements of reform and development to be shared by all people, whilst at the same time infusing development with greater drive and making it more saliently people-centric. We can say that the supremacy of the people is not only a value that underscores our new principles of development, but also a fundamental prerequisite for their implementation. With a firm grasp of the people-centered nature of these principles, we need to treat the process of their implementation as a process of improving people’s wellbeing and promoting social equity and justice. We need to wage a bitter fight against poverty, and make major efforts to address striking problems such as an overly large income gap, a shortage of public services, and lagging social safety nets, thus allowing the people to enjoy a better quality of life.文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/2541.html
文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/2541.html
实践性：新发展理念是具有鲜明实践指向的行动纲领
A practical set of principles: China’s new development principles represent a program of action that is clearly geared to practice.
理念是对实践规律的总结，必须有明确的实践指向。没有实践指向的理念，就是镜中花、水中月，看起来美好，最终却不能变成现实。创新、协调、绿色、开放、共享的新发展理念，以我们正在做的事情为中心，以改革开放和社会主义现代化建设实践为逻辑起点，总结经济社会发展的规律性认识，从而推动新的实践不断向前发展。当前，我国经济社会发展总体趋势向好，但发展中也面临一些矛盾和风险。新发展理念深入把握发展速度变化、结构优化、动力转换的新特点，顺应推动经济保持中高速增长、产业迈向中高端水平的新形势，明确提出未来发展的重点任务和重大举措，必将指导我们在新的历史起点上更好地凝聚力量、攻坚克难。
Principles represent a summarization of patterns observed in practice. As such, it is essential that they have a clear practical orientation. Principles that lack practical orientation are nothing but an illusion; while they may look attractive on the surface, there is ultimately no way of making them materialize. With a focus on the endeavors in which we are currently engaged, and in keeping with the logic of reform, opening up, and socialist modernization, China’s new principles of innovative, coordinated, green, open, and shared development summarize our understanding of objective patterns in economic and social development, providing us with a basis on which to promote constant new advances in practice. At present, while the trend of China’s economic and social development remains sound on the whole, we are still facing problems and risks in development. China’s new principles of development reflect a deep understanding of the new features of China’s economic development, namely, a changing pace of growth, the improvement of the economic structure, and the shifting of growth drivers. Accommodating the task of maintaining a medium-high rate of economic growth and lifting our industries towards the middle and higher-end of the value chain, they clearly lay out priorities and key measures for future development, which will undoubtedly guide us as we work to gather strength and confront challenges in a new period.
树立问题意识，坚持问题导向，以解决经济社会发展关键领域存在的问题为突破口，是新发展理念的一大特色。它直指我国发展中的突出矛盾和问题，紧紧围绕这些问题来破题、来展开，在聚焦改革发展焦点难点中开出了解决问题的良方。创新注重解决发展动力问题，依靠创新转变发展机制，引领中国发展；协调注重解决发展不平衡问题，依靠协调处理发展矛盾，促进持续健康发展；绿色注重解决人与自然和谐问题，依靠绿色发展保护环境，实现永续发展；开放注重解决发展内外联动问题，依靠开放拓展发展空间，优化发展格局；共享注重解决社会公平正义问题，依靠共享分配发展成果，使发展获得深厚的力量支持。可以说，正是因为强烈的问题意识，新发展理念才具有强大的理论穿透力和现实解释力，成为回应当代社会发展问题的中国解答。把握好新发展理念的实践性，就要坚持实践第一，以实践立论、靠实践拓展、为实践领航，把新发展理念贯穿到党和国家事业发展全过程，以新理念推动实践新飞跃、赢得发展新优势、创造发展新奇迹。
A major feature of our new principles of development is that they reflect an awareness of problems and are oriented towards the resolution of problems, seeking to make breakthroughs in key areas of economic and social development where problems exist. These principles take direct aim at pronounced problems in our country’s development, prescribing sound solutions to key concerns and difficulties in reform and development. Innovative development aims to address the issue of growth drivers. It will do this by drawing on innovation to reshape the mechanisms of development, thus guiding China’s development forward. Coordinated development aims to address the issue of imbalanced development. It will do this by drawing on coordination to solve problems, thus promoting China’s continued and healthy development. Green development aims to address the issue of coexistence between humankind and nature. It will do this by drawing on green approaches to protect natural environments, thus bringing about sustainable development. Open development aims to address the issue of internal and external coordination in development. It will do this by drawing on opening up to expand the boundaries of development, thus creating a more optimal developmental layout. Shared development aims to address the issue of social equity and justice. It will do this by drawing on sharing to distribute the fruits of development, thus giving development much stronger support. We might say that it is precisely this strong awareness of problems that gives China’s new principles of development their theoretical rigor and capacity to explain actual problems so convincingly. It is this awareness that has enabled them to become China’s answer to the issues in social development it is currently facing. With a firm grasp of the practical nature of these principles, we must remain committed to putting practice first, relying on practice to extend these principles, as practice was used to establish them, and then using these principles to guide practice. We must integrate these new principles of development into all aspects of the causes of the CPC and country, using them to promote new leaps forward in practice, secure new advantages, and create new miracles of development.
引领性：新发展理念是管方向、管长远、管根本的理论先导
A guiding set of principles: China’s new development principles constitute theoretical guidelines that govern the fundamental, long-term direction of the country’s development.
发展实践是由发展理念来引领和开创的。越是面临复杂的形势、繁重的任务，就越需要科学发展理念的定向领航。当今世界，和平、发展、合作、共赢的潮流不可阻挡，同时也充满着变数、蕴藏着风险、潜伏着危机，不同制度模式、发展道路的博弈十分激烈。对我国来说，时和势总体有利，但艰和险在增多。我国发展仍处于重要战略机遇期，但战略机遇期的内涵已经发生深刻变化，改革发展稳定的任务比以往任何时候都更为繁重。新发展理念以宽广的视野观察当今世界和当代中国，科学分析发展大势，准确把握发展要求，在发展动力、发展布局、发展关系、发展保障、发展目标等方面规划了一整套发展战略，指明了实现更高水平发展的科学路径，为我们攻坚克难、穿越“历史的三峡”、书写更加精彩的中国故事提供了理论指引。
Principles of development guide and pave the way for development in practice. The more complex the situation and arduous the task, the more we require scientific principles of development to lay out a course forward. Though peace, development, cooperation, and mutual benefit are unstoppable trends in the world today, it remains true that potential uncertainty, dangers, and crises lurk as different models and paths of development compete fiercely. In China’s case, while the global situation remains favorable on the whole, difficulties and risks are nevertheless on the increase. China is still in the midst of a period of strategic opportunity, but the implications of this period have changed profoundly, meaning that our task of ensuring reform, development, and stability is much more testing than ever before. Our new principles of development approach the contemporary world and China from a broad perspective. By analyzing and identifying the major trends and needs of development, they lay out an entire set of strategies covering development drivers, frameworks, relations, guarantees, and goals. Pointing out a scientific path for the realization of higher quality development, they give us a theoretical guideline with which we will overcome difficulties, navigate a historic transformation, and write an even more impressive chapter of China’s story.
习近平总书记强调，按照新发展理念推动我国经济社会发展，是当前和今后一个时期我国发展的总要求和大趋势。这个总要求和大趋势，点出了新发展理念的战略引领作用，管根本、管方向、管长远。到2020年，我们要实现第一个百年奋斗目标、全面建成小康社会，新发展理念提供了明确指引。全面小康是我国现代化征程中迈出的关键一步，我们要实现第二个百年奋斗目标、实现中华民族伟大复兴的中国梦，未来发展任重而道远。建设中国特色社会主义事业是穿云破雾长长一系列的奋斗，这样的大事业需要大智慧大战略来引领。新发展理念代表着新的生产力、新的发展方向，是着眼中华民族长远发展的战略擘划，是引领我国发展实践、开创美好未来的一面旗帜。把握好新发展理念的引领性，就要牢固树立和自觉践行新发展理念，把它作为推进改革发展稳定的指挥棒，不断谱写中国特色社会主义事业的崭新篇章。
As General Secretary Xi Jinping has stressed, advancing China’s economic and social development in line with these principles constitutes both the main requirement and trend of our country’s development at present or in the period ahead. This requirement and trend highlights the role of our new development principles as a strategic guideline, indicating that they will govern the fundamental, long-term direction of the country’s development. By 2020, we aim to have accomplished our first centenary goal – to build a moderately prosperous society in all respects. In this regard, our new principles of development have provided us with a clear guideline to follow. Attaining moderate prosperity across the board represents a crucial step in China’s modernization push. The attainment of our second centenary goal – to realize the Chinese dream of national rejuvenation – will be a more arduous and protracted task. The advancement of the cause of socialism with Chinese characteristics represents a series of protracted struggles through uncharted territory. Such a grand cause must be guided with great wisdom and strategy. Representing new productive forces and a new direction of development, China’s new principles of development are a strategic plan focusing on the long-term development of the Chinese nation, and a banner that will guide our country’s development, opening the door to a better future. With a firm grasp of the guiding nature of our new development principles, we must firmly establish these principles and practice them conscientiously, regard them as a guideline for promoting reform, development, and stability, and work constantly to write a new chapter in the cause of Chinese socialism.
（作者为中共中央政治局委员、中央书记处书记、中央宣传部部长）
(Liu Qibao is Member of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee, Member of the Secretariat of the CPC Central Committee, and Director of the Publicity Department of the CPC Central Committee.)
