2018年9月30日，外交部部长助理张军在《光明日报》发表题为《在发展进程中促进和保护人权》的署名文章。全文如下：文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/5935.html
文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/5935.html
Assistant Minister of Foreign Affairs of China Zhang Jun published an article entitled “Promote and Protect Human Rights in the Process of Development” on Guangming Daily. The full text is as follows:文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/5935.html
文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/5935.html
在发展进程中促进和保护人权文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/5935.html
Promote and Protect Human Rights in the Process of Development文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/5935.html
文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/5935.html
实现发展是全人类的共同追求，承载着各国人民对美好生活的殷切期盼。《联合国宪章》、《世界人权宣言》、《经济、社会、文化权利国际公约》等国际人权文书，都把消除贫困、实现发展作为基本人权。文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/5935.html
文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/5935.html
Development is a shared aspiration of mankind and reflects the desire of all nations for a better life. International human rights instruments such as the Charter of the United Nations, the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights have all listed poverty eradication and development as fundamental human rights.文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/5935.html
联合国成立70多年来，积极推进全球减贫、促进共同发展，特别是实施千年发展目标，制定2030年可持续发展议程，推动全球11亿人口脱贫，19亿人获得安全饮用水，35亿人用上互联网等，全球发展事业取得重要进展。
Over the past 70-plus years since its inception, the United Nations has made vigorous efforts to promote poverty reduction and common development across the globe. These efforts, the implementation of the Millennium Development Goals and the formulation of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development in particular, have helped lift 1.1 billion people around the world out of poverty, 1.9 billion gain access to safe drinking water and 3.5 billion get connected to the internet. This marks a major step forward in the global development endeavor.
同时，和平与发展仍然是时代主题。环顾世界，仍有7亿多人口忍饥挨饿，超过1.28亿人亟需人道援助，6500多万人流离失所。全球发展不平衡、不协调、不充分问题仍然突出，并带来反全球化、保护主义、恐怖主义等一系列问题。消除贫困、实现发展，让人人得以享有人权，依然任重道远。
Peace and development, however, remain the main challenge of our times. More than 700 million people are still suffering from hunger, over 128 million in urgent need of humanitarian assistance, and over 65 million displaced from their homes. Global development is still unbalanced, uncoordinated and inadequate, resulting in a host of problems such as the backlash against globalization and the surge of protectionism and terrorism. It remains a long and arduous task to eradicate poverty, achieve development and ensure human rights for all.
作为拥有近14亿人口的最大发展中国家，中国深知发展的深刻内涵。只有经历过贫困，方知富裕和体面生活的宝贵。只有实现发展权，方能为实现其他人权提供有力保障。中国共产党和中国政府深刻领悟到这个道理，一直把发展作为执政兴国的第一要务。
As the largest developing country with nearly 1.4 billion people, China knows full well what development means. Only those who went through poverty could better appreciate the value of a well-off and decent life, and only when the right to development is ensured could there be a strong guarantee for other human rights. The Communist Party of China and the Chinese government are keenly aware of this and have all along put development on top of the national agenda.
改革开放40年来，我们减少了7亿多贫困人口，占全球减贫人口总数的70%以上，成为对全球减贫贡献最大的国家。我们为7.7亿人提供就业，建成世界最大规模的教育体系、最大规模的社保体系、最大规模的基层民主选举体系。到2020年，中国将实现现行标准下农村贫困人口全部脱贫，全面建成小康社会。在960万平方公里的土地上，没有战乱、没有流离失所、没有恐惧，近14亿人民过着安宁、自由、幸福的生活。毫无疑问，这是最大的人权工程，最好的人权实践，也是中国对世界人权事业的巨大贡献。中国在探索中找到了一条符合自身国情的中国特色人权发展道路，中国的实践无疑对国际人权事业具有重要启示：
Over the past four decades since the launch of reform and opening-up, China has lifted over 700 million people out of poverty, accounting for over 70 percent of poverty reduction worldwide. This makes China the largest contributor to the global effort of poverty eradication. China has created jobs for 770 million people, and has established the world’s largest education, social insurance and primary-level democratic election systems. By 2020, China will have completed the building of a moderately prosperous society in all respects, and accomplished the task of lifting out of poverty its rural population living below the current poverty line. On China’s vast land of 9.6 million square kilometers, nearly 1.4 billion people are living a peaceful, free and happy life, free from war, displacement or terror - this is undoubtedly the largest human rights project and best human rights practice in the world, and it represents a tremendous contribution by China to the global human rights endeavor. China has explored and blazed a distinctly Chinese path of human rights development tailored to its national circumstances. Its experience could provide some useful food for thought for the international human rights cause.
——坚持走符合国情的人权发展道路。我们生活在一个多元文明、多元发展共存的世界里。世界上没有放之四海而皆准的发展模式。任何国家都必须根据本国国情和人民需要，找到适合自己的道路。只有鞋选对了，双脚才能迈出有力步伐；只有路走对了，才能通向远方，实现目标。各国只有按照自己的实际情况，坚持普遍性与特殊性相结合，坚持民主和民生相促进，才能在促进和保护人权方面形成特色、取得实效。
– It is important to keep to the path of human rights development suited to national circumstances. We live in a world where diverse civilizations and development models coexist. There is no one-size-fits-all development paradigm. Countries must find their own paths in light of their national conditions and people’s needs. Only in the right shoes can one take firm steps, and only on the right course can a country go far and achieve its goals. To pursue a distinctive path of human rights promotion and protection and achieve practical results, a country needs to proceed from its reality, give due regard to both the universality and particularity of human rights, and advance democracy and people’s well-being in tandem.
——坚持在发展进程中促进和保护人权。发展是一个动态、历史的进程，促进和保护人权也是一个动态、历史的进程。实践证明，只有把促进和保护人权有机地纳入到发展进程中，坚持正确的发展理念、发展道路，才能为人民享受人权创造最有利条件、提供最根本保障。对广大发展中国家而言，应坚持将生存权和发展权作为首要人权，并以此为基础，平衡推进其他各项人权保障。近年来，人权理事会多次就“发展促进人权”通过决议和声明，一再表明国际社会对通过发展来完善全球人权治理的决心和态度。
– It is important to promote and protect human rights in the process of development. Development is a dynamic and historical process, and the same is true with human rights promotion and protection. Experience shows that only when countries incorporate human rights into the development process and follow the right development philosophy and path can they create the most favorable conditions and provide fundamental safeguards for their people’s enjoyment of human rights. Developing countries, in particular, should give top priority to the right to survival and development, and, on this basis, advance other human rights in a balanced manner. In recent years, the UN Human Rights Council has adopted resolutions and statements on promoting human rights through development, demonstrating time and again the resolve and stance of the international community to improve global human rights governance through development.
——坚持以人民为中心的发展思想。人民是人权的最终享有者。一个国家选择什么样的政治、法律制度，走什么样的发展道路，人权状况到底好不好，最终要由这个国家的人民说了算，以人民的获得感、幸福感和安全感来衡量。人民才是阅卷人。中国的实践证明，促进和保护人权，必须始终以人民福祉和利益为出发点和落脚点，坚持人民当家作主，健全民主制度，丰富民主形式，增进人民福祉，从而促进人的全面发展和人权的不断进步，实现全体人民共同发展。
– It is important to adopt a people-centered approach to development. Human rights are ultimately rights of the people. A country’s choice of political and legal systems, its development path, and its human rights record are determined by its people and measured by their sense of satisfaction, happiness and security. The people are in the best position to comment. China’s experience shows that people’s well-being and interests should always be the starting point and ultimate goal of human rights promotion and protection. We need to ensure that the people run the country. We need to improve democratic institutions, diversify the forms of democracy, and better people’s lives to facilitate their all-round development, make new progress in the human rights cause, and achieve common development for all our people.
——坚持共商共建共享的理念。在一个相互依存的世界里，没有哪一个国家拥有独享发展的权利。只有共同繁荣、共同进步，才能让这个世界更加美好。伴随着时代的进步，共商、共建、共享日益深入人心，成为指导全球治理和国际合作的重要理念。正是基于这一理念，习近平主席提出“一带一路”倡议。我们的目的，就是要用中国的发展为各国的发展创造更大机遇，用互联互通带动形成各国联动发展的格局，走共同发展之路，推动构建人类命运共同体。
– It is important to observe the principle of consultation, cooperation and benefit for all. In today’s world of interdependence, no country should or could monopolize the right to development. Only shared prosperity and progress can make the world a better place. As we move forward, the principle of consultation, cooperation and benefit for all has won wider endorsement and become an important principle for global governance and international cooperation. It is based on this principle that President Xi Jinping put forward the Belt and Road Initiative with the aim to create greater opportunities for all through China’s development, foster interconnected development through connectivity, pursue common development and build a community with a shared future for mankind.
——坚持在合作对话中共同进步。国家有大小之别，没有高下之分；文明有特色之别，没有优劣之分。在促进和保护人权进程中，要坚持大小国家一律平等，尊重各国自主选择的发展道路和人权保障模式，不干涉别国内政，不搞强加于人。要坚持通过对话交流互鉴，增进理解，解决分歧。要坚持合作共赢，共享发展机遇，共谋发展进步。中国将于今年11月接受人权理事会第三轮国别人权审查，愿以此为契机，在平等和相互尊重基础上同各方开展建设性对话，虚心听取有益建议，不断提高人权保障水平。
– It is important to pursue common progress through cooperation and dialogue. Despite their different sizes, no country is superior to others; despite their distinctive features, no civilization is better than others. In promoting and protecting human rights, it is necessary to treat all countries as equals and respect their choice of development paths and human rights protection models. One should not interfere in other countries’ internal affairs or impose its own will on others. Efforts should be made to increase mutual understanding and resolve differences through dialogue, exchanges and mutual learning. Countries need to pursue win-win cooperation, share development opportunities and work for progress together. As the third cycle of the Universal Periodic Review of China by the UN Human Rights Council is approaching in November, China looks forward to constructive dialogues with all parties on the basis of equality and mutual respect. We will heed the useful recommendations and continue to improve human rights protection in China.
实现发展是每个国家政府的神圣使命和责任。在人权问题上，没有最好，只有更好。在推进全球发展、促进人权进步的征程中，我们还有很长的路要走。面对历史赋予的责任，我们要全力营造和平稳定的发展环境，恪守《联合国宪章》宗旨，维护各国主权、独立和领土完整，尊重各国自主选择的社会制度和发展道路，加强对话与合作。我们要大力促进平衡协调的发展，积极落实2030年可持续发展议程，坚持以人民为中心，以减贫为重点，切实保障和促进民生，维护社会公平正义，不让一个人掉队。我们要致力于高质量的发展，实施创新驱动战略，转变发展模式，增强发展动力，提高发展质量，实现可持续发展，为促进和保护人权注入持久、强劲动力。我们要致力于开放共赢的发展，把握好国际合作大方向，坚持多边主义，反对贸易保护主义，维护和加强多边贸易体制，推动经济全球化朝着更加开放、包容、普惠、平衡、共赢的方向发展，让各国人民都能平等享受公平正义。我们有理由相信，在实现发展的进程中，包括中国人民在内，各国人民的生活会一天比一天更好，享受人权的水平会一天比一天提高，中国的发展也必将为世界的发展进步创造更大机遇、作出更大贡献！
Development is a noble mission and responsibility of every government. There will always be room for improvement in human rights protection. In this sense, we still have a long way to go in advancing global development and protecting human rights. With the historic responsibility upon us, we must spare no efforts in building a peaceful and stable environment for development, strictly adhere to the purposes of the UN Charter, uphold the sovereignty, independence and territorial integrity of countries, respect their choice of social systems and development paths, and step up dialogue and cooperation. We must work hard toward balanced and coordinated development, actively implement the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, adopt a people-centered approach, focus on poverty alleviation, ensure and improve people’s livelihood with concrete measures, uphold social equity and justice, and make sure that no one is left behind. We must pursue high-quality development, implement an innovation-driven strategy, transform the growth model, foster stronger development drivers, and achieve sustainable development to lend a sustained and robust impetus to human rights promotion and protection. We must be committed to open and mutually beneficial development, keep to the prevailing trend of international cooperation, uphold multilateralism, oppose trade protectionism, defend and strengthen the multilateral trading regime, and make economic globalization more open, inclusive, balanced and beneficial to all, so that people from all countries can enjoy equity and justice on an equal footing. We have every reason to believe that through development, people of all countries, including China, will live a better life, and enjoy greater human rights. China’s development will definitely create more opportunities for and make greater contributions to the development of the world as a whole.
