双语:习近平主席在解决“两不愁三保障”突出问题座谈会上的讲话

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摘要Full Text: Speech by President Xi at a Symposium on Resolving Prominent Problems in Poverty Alleviation

三、扎实做好今明两年脱贫攻坚工作

III. We must make solid efforts this year and next in the fight against poverty.文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/8673.html

 文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/8673.html

我国总体上已基本实现了全面建成小康社会的目标,但还有一些短板,最大的短板是脱贫攻坚。现在,脱贫攻坚战进入决胜的关键阶段,打法要同初期的全面部署、中期的全面推进有所区别,最要紧的是防止松懈、防止滑坡。各地区各部门务必一鼓作气、顽强作战,不获全胜决不收兵。文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/8673.html

 文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/8673.html

Taking everything into account, China has already essentially achieved the goal of building a moderately prosperous society in all respects. However, there remain some shortcomings, the greatest of which is in our fight against poverty. The fight against poverty has now entered a crucial stage for us to secure a decisive victory. Our approach in this stage should differ from the overall planning of the initial stage and the overall advancement of the intermediate stage since now the most urgent task is to prevent our efforts from slackening or slipping. All localities and departments must press on without respite, not letting up until a complete victory has been secured.文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/8673.html

 文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/8673.html

第一,强化责任落实。“处事不以聪明为先,而以尽心为急。”脱贫攻坚是全面建成小康社会必须完成的硬任务。各省区市党政主要负责同志要增强“四个意识”、坚定“四个自信”、做到“两个维护”,强化政治责任,亲力亲为抓好脱贫攻坚。省级分管扶贫的负责同志岗位特殊,要熟悉情况、钻研业务,当好参谋助手,抓好工作落实。省里分管扶贫的负责同志要选优配强、原则上保持稳定,对不合适、不胜任的要做一些调整。各行业部门要围绕脱贫攻坚目标任务,按照尽锐出战要求,切实履职尽责、合力攻坚,对责任不落实、政策不落实、工作不落实影响任务完成的要进行问责。文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/8673.html

 文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/8673.html

First, we must strengthen accountability. As a Chinese saying goes, “Capable people attach greater importance to conscientiousness than to resourcefulness.” Winning the fight against poverty is a task that must be fulfilled if we are to build a moderately prosperous society in all respects. Principal leaders of provincial-level Party committees and governments must boost awareness of the need to maintain political integrity, think in big-picture terms, follow the CPC central leadership core, and keep in alignment; strengthen their confidence in the path, theory, system, and culture of socialism with Chinese characteristics; resolutely uphold the General Secretary’s core position on the CPC Central Committee and in the Party as a whole, and resolutely uphold the CPC Central Committee’s authority and its centralized, unified leadership; and heighten their political responsibility as they take action in the fight against poverty. Provincial-level officials in charge of poverty alleviation must, on account of their special position, ensure that they are well acquainted with relevant circumstances and build expertise so that they can effectively advise and assist in the implementation of initiatives. Each province should select and appoint capable officials to take charge of poverty alleviation efforts. Leadership should remain stable in principle, but adjustments should be made where officials are found to be unsuited to their post or incapable of performing their duties. All industries and government departments must put their utmost effort toward our poverty alleviation objectives, working together and ensuring that they perform their duties. Those who hinder the fulfillment of our goals due to their failure to assume responsibilities, implement policies, and carry out initiatives must be held to account.文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/8673.html

 文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/8673.html

第二,攻克坚中之坚。深度贫困地区贫困程度深、基础条件差、致贫原因复杂,民族、宗教、维稳问题交织,是决定脱贫攻坚战能否打赢的关键。2017年6月,我在山西主持召开深度贫困地区脱贫攻坚座谈会,要求集中力量攻克“三区三州”等深度贫困堡垒。会后,党中央制定了支持深度贫困地区脱贫攻坚的实施意见,各方面都加大了力度,但不能放松。“三区三州”外的一些深度贫困县要加大工作力度,逐一研究细化实化攻坚举措,攻城拔寨,确保完成脱贫任务。

 

Second, we must overcome the most difficult challenges in poverty alleviation. Our efforts to address problems in areas with extreme poverty, poor basic conditions, complex causes of poverty, and overlapping ethnic, religious, and stability issues are the key in determining whether we can win the battle against poverty. In June 2017 in Shanxi, I presided over a symposium on poverty alleviation in deeply impoverished areas, calling for concentrated efforts to lift deeply impoverished areas such as the “three regions and three prefectures” out of poverty. After the meeting, the CPC Central Committee formulated guidelines for supporting poverty alleviation in these areas. Though various sectors have intensified their efforts in this regard, we must make sure that efforts do not slacken. There are certain deeply impoverished counties aside from the “three regions and three prefectures” where we need to redouble our efforts and work out specific and pragmatic measures through a step-by-step approach so that we may overcome difficult obstacles and ensure that poverty alleviation tasks are completed.

 

第三,认真整改问题。这次脱贫攻坚专项巡视和成效考核发现了不少突出问题和共性问题,主要表现在以下几个方面。一是没有把脱贫攻坚当作重大政治任务来抓,责任落实不到位,思想认识有差距,落实不力。二是贯彻精准方略有偏差,或发钱发物“一发了之”,或统一入股分红“一股了之”,或低保兜底“一兜了之”,没有把精力用在绣花功夫上。三是形式主义、官僚主义问题突出,像花钱刷白墙,又不能吃不能穿,搞这些无用功,浪费国家的钱!会议多、检查多、填表多,基层干部疲于应付。各地区各部门要全面排查梳理问题,各类问题要确保整改到位,为明年工作打下良好基础。

 

Third, we must work earnestly to rectify problems. The most recent round of special inspections and impact assessments of poverty alleviation has discovered numerous outstanding and endemic problems, which mainly exist in the following areas. The first is failure to regard poverty alleviation as a major political task. This results in inadequate assumption of responsibility, discordant thinking, and lackluster implementation. The second is deviation from the principle of targeted poverty alleviation. Some have reduced poverty alleviation to mere distribution of money and supplies, dividends from community businesses, or subsistence allowances instead of focusing their energy on doing precise work. The third is excessive formalism and bureaucratic practices. For instance, some have spent money on whitewashing walls, which brings no benefit at all to the public and only constitutes a pointless waste of the country’s money. In addition, local officials have been brought to the point of exhaustion by the large numbers of meetings to attend, inspections to conduct, and forms to fill out. Authorities of all regions and departments should take a full inventory of problems and ensure that problems in every category are properly rectified, so that we may lay sound foundations for next year’s work.

 

第四,提高脱贫质量。脱贫既要看数量,更要看质量,不能到时候都说完成了脱贫任务,过一两年又大规模返贫。要多管齐下提高脱贫质量,巩固脱贫成果。要严把贫困退出关,严格执行退出的标准和程序,确保脱真贫、真脱贫。要把防止返贫摆在重要位置,适时组织对脱贫人口开展“回头看”,对返贫人口和新发生贫困人口及时予以帮扶。要探索建立稳定脱贫长效机制,强化产业扶贫,组织消费扶贫,加大培训力度,促进转移就业,让贫困群众有稳定的工作岗位。要做好易地扶贫搬迁后续帮扶。要加强扶贫同扶志扶智相结合,让脱贫具有可持续的内生动力。

 

Fourth, we must raise the quality of poverty alleviation. Poverty alleviation must give consideration to both quantity and quality, but put greater focus on the latter. We cannot allow a scenario in which all localities claim that they have completed their poverty alleviation tasks on schedule but then slip back into poverty en masse a year or two down the line. Adopting a multi-layered approach, we must raise the quality of poverty alleviation and consolidate the results of our efforts in this regard. We must strictly control exits from poverty by rigorously enforcing relevant standards and procedures to ensure that poverty alleviation initiatives are genuinely effective and reach those who truly need help. We should prioritize the prevention of relapse into poverty, conduct timely follow-up checks on people lifted out of poverty, and offer prompt assistance to those relapsing into poverty as well as new cases of poverty. We should look into forming long-term mechanisms for people to steadily make their way out of poverty, including strengthening poverty alleviation by developing industries in poor areas and channeling consumer spending to these areas, enhancing relevant training, and promoting nonagricultural employment opportunities for the surplus rural workforce so that poor people can find stable jobs. We need to provide adequate follow-up support to people that have been relocated, and ensure that our poverty alleviation efforts help people build the confidence and capacity to pull themselves out of poverty so that the campaign is equipped with sustainable internal drive.

 

第五,稳定脱贫攻坚政策。“胜非其难也,持之者其难也。”今年上半年将累计有430多个贫困县宣布摘帽。考核中发现,一些摘帽县去年以来出现松劲懈怠,有的撤摊子、歇歇脚,有的转移重心、更换频道,有的书记、县长希望动一动,一些已脱贫的群众收入不增甚至下降。贫困县摘帽后,要继续完成剩余贫困人口脱贫任务,实现已脱贫人口的稳定脱贫。贫困县党政正职要保持稳定,做到摘帽不摘责任;脱贫攻坚主要政策要继续执行,做到摘帽不摘政策;扶贫工作队不能撤,做到摘帽不摘帮扶;要把防止返贫放在重要位置,做到摘帽不摘监管。有关部门要抓紧研究提出落实意见。

 

Fifth, we must keep our poverty alleviation policies stable. As an old Chinese saying goes, “The most difficult part of a victory is not winning it, but rather sustaining it.” In the first half of this year, more than 430 poor counties will bid farewell to poverty. During the assessment process, it was found that some counties that had shaken off the designation of being poor have grown sluggish in their efforts since last year. Some have put their feet up and abandoned poverty alleviation projects, and some have shifted their focus elsewhere. Party committee secretaries and administrators in some counties have shown eagerness to be transferred to other posts, and some people that have been lifted out of poverty have seen their incomes stagnate or even decrease. After shaking off the designation of being poor, counties must continue to complete the task of lifting their remaining poor out of poverty, and keep those who have already been lifted out of poverty from falling back in. In these counties, Party and government leadership should remain stable with officials aware that they still bear responsibility, major poverty alleviation policies should remain in force so that they are followed through with, poverty alleviation teams should remain in place so that they continue to provide assistance, and oversight should be prioritized to prevent people from slipping back into poverty. Relevant departments must work quickly to propose specific ways of satisfying these requirements.

 

第六,切实改进作风。要把全面从严治党要求贯穿脱贫攻坚全过程,强化作风建设,确保扶贫工作务实、脱贫过程扎实、脱贫结果真实。要完善和落实抓党建促脱贫的体制机制,做好脱贫攻坚干部培训,提高各级干部的责任感、使命感和工作能力。要发挥基层党组织带领群众脱贫致富的战斗堡垒作用,深化扶贫领域腐败和作风问题专项治理,把基层减负各项决策落到实处。

 

Sixth, we must improve our conduct. We need to incorporate the requirement of comprehensively governing the Party with strict discipline throughout the entire process of our fight to eradicate poverty, and improve our conduct in order to ensure that concrete efforts are made to alleviate poverty, that channels to exit from poverty are sound, and that poverty alleviation leads to genuine results. We need to implement and improve systems and mechanisms for promoting poverty alleviation through Party building, effectively train poverty alleviation officials, and enhance the abilities of officials at all levels while instilling within them a stronger sense of mission and responsibility. We need to exert the crucial role of local Party organizations in leading the general public out of poverty and toward prosperity, push deeper with efforts to combat corruption and misconduct in poverty alleviation, and implement policy decisions designed to ease the burdens on localities.

 

在扶贫一线的扶贫干部绝大部分牢记使命重托,用自己的辛苦换来贫困群众的幸福,有的长期超负荷运转,有的没时间照顾家庭孩子,有的身体透支亮红灯,有的甚至献出了宝贵的生命。对奋战在脱贫攻坚一线的同志们,我们要关心他们的生活、健康、安全,对牺牲干部的家属要及时给予抚恤、长期帮扶慰问。对在基层一线干出成绩、群众欢迎的干部,要注意培养使用。要加强宣传表彰,讲好脱贫攻坚故事。同时,对那些畏苦畏难、敷衍了事、弄虚作假的扶贫干部,要加强教育管理,该撤换的要及时撤换,该问责的要坚决问责。

 

The vast majority of officials working on the front lines of poverty alleviation have kept their mission firmly in mind, and worked hard for the wellbeing of the poor. Some have long been overloaded in their work, some have had no time to take care of their families and children, some have exhausted themselves to the point that they are unable to go on for health reasons, and some have even sacrificed their lives. We must show great care for the lives, health, and safety of those serving on the front lines of the fight against poverty, and immediately provide subsidies and long-term support for the families of deceased officials. We must see that officials who have performed well and won public approval at the local level are effectively trained and put to good use. We must also enhance publicity and commend outstanding officials so that the public is aware of stories of heroism from the fight against poverty. Finally, with regard to poverty alleviation officials who flinch in the face of difficulty, muddle through their work, or stoop to deception, we must enhance education and supervision, replacing those who should be replaced and holding to account those who should be held accountable.

 

打赢脱贫攻坚战是一项光荣而艰巨的历史任务,夺取全面胜利还要继续付出艰苦努力。我们要一鼓作气、越战越勇,为如期全面打赢脱贫攻坚战、如期全面建成小康社会作出新的更大贡献。

 

Winning the fight against poverty is a historic mission that is both glorious and immensely challenging. If we are to attain complete success in this mission, we must continue putting in arduous efforts. We must press on with courage and resolve, making new and greater contributions so that we may realize our goals of winning the fight against poverty and building a moderately prosperous society on schedule.

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 最后更新:2020-1-21
  • 版权声明 本文源自 新华网sisu04 整理 发表于 2020年1月20日 00:12:47