一、人类站在历史的十字路口
I. Humanity at a Crossroads文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/14851.html
文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/14851.html
我们所处的是一个充满希望的时代，也是一个充满挑战的时代。站在历史的十字路口，是团结还是分裂，是开放还是封闭，是合作还是对抗？如何抉择，关乎人类整体利益，也考验着各国的智慧。文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/14851.html
文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/14851.html
This is an era of promise, and an era of challenges. At yet another crossroads in history, we have to choose between unity and division, between opening up and closing off, between cooperation and confrontation. With the overall interests of humanity at stake, this choice tests the wisdom of all countries.文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/14851.html
文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/14851.html
（一）相互依存是历史大势文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/14851.html
文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/14851.html
1. Interdependence is the prevailing trend throughout history文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/14851.html
文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/14851.html
从人类社会发展史看，人类从原始社会一路走来，经历了农业革命、工业革命、信息革命，但无论生产力如何发展进步，都没有改变一个最根本的现实：地球是人类赖以生存的唯一家园。各国有责任共同呵护地球的安全，守护人类的未来。如果为了争权夺利而恶性竞争甚至兵戎相见，最终只会走上自我毁灭的道路。
In its history, humanity has progressed from primitive society to the Agricultural Revolution, the Industrial Revolution, and now the Information Revolution. While this process has seen a steep increase in productivity, one fundamental reality has remained unchanged: The Earth is our one and only home. All countries bear responsibility for the safety of this planet and the future of humanity. If the pursuit of power and profit escalates to vicious competition or even armed conflict, self-destruction will be the certain outcome.
自古以来，人类最朴素的愿望就是和平与发展。经历过战争和冲突的洗礼，尤其是遭受两次世界大战的浩劫后，世界各国人民珍视和平、扩大合作、共同发展的意识显著提升，人类大家庭的观念更加深入人心，人们对共同体的向往和追求更加殷切。
Throughout history, peace and development have been the primary aspirations of humanity. Having experienced the ravages of wars and conflicts, especially the two world wars, people around the globe have built a keener awareness of cherishing peace, expanding cooperation, and seeking common development. The idea that “we are all one human family” is gaining traction, and the desire for a global community grows stronger than ever.
全球化在世界范围内优化了资本、信息、技术、劳动、管理等生产要素的配置，把一个个孤立的小湖泊、小河流连成了汪洋大海，各民族自给自足的原始封闭状态被打破，市场成为了世界市场，历史也随之成为世界历史。
Globalization has improved the allocation of production factors worldwide, including capital, information, technology, labor and management. As if connecting scattered lakes and creeks into an uninterrupted expanse of water, it draws nations out of isolation and away from the obsolete model of self-reliance, merging their individual markets into a global one and combining their respective experiences into world history.
在信息化日新月异的今天，互联网、大数据、量子计算、人工智能迅猛发展。人类交往的世界性比过去任何时候都更深入、更广泛，各国相互联系和彼此依存比过去任何时候都更频繁、更紧密。全球化不是选择，而是现实，甚至成为一种生活方式。地球村正变得越来越“小”，放眼寰宇，地球上最遥远的距离也不超过24小时的直飞航程。世界也正变得越来越“平”，点一点手机屏幕，就可以瞬时链接到世界的另一端。一体化的世界就在那儿，谁拒绝这个世界，这个世界也会拒绝他。
As information technology advances with every passing day, most prominently in the fields of Internet, big data, quantum computing, and artificial intelligence, human exchanges have become deeper, broader, and more extensive than ever before, and countries are more interconnected and interdependent than at any point in the past. Globalization is not an option; it is the reality and the way of life. The global village is getting smaller – the longest distance between two places on earth has been reduced to a flight of no greater than 24 hours, and our planet is becoming flat – one tap on a mobile phone connects us to the other side of the world in a split second. This is an integrated world. Those who turn their back on it will have no place in it.
生活在同一片蓝天下，无论近邻还是远交，无论大国还是小国，无论发达国家还是发展中国家，正日益形成利益交融、安危与共的利益共同体、责任共同体、命运共同体。只有人类整体命运得以关照，每个国家、每个民族、每个人的美好希望才能实现。不管前途是晴是雨，携手合作、互利共赢是唯一正确选择。
Living on the same planet, all countries, adjacent or distant, large or small, developed or developing, are members of an emerging community of shared interests, responsibility, and destiny, whose wellbeing and security are interrelated. Only when appropriate attention is paid to the collective future of humanity is it possible that the wishes of every country, people and individual come true. Whatever we may encounter on our journey ahead, the only right choice is to work together for the benefit of all.
（二）全球性挑战需要全球性应对
2. Global challenges call for global response
当今世界正处于百年未有之大变局，各种新旧问题与复杂矛盾叠加碰撞、交织发酵。人类社会面临前所未有的挑战，不稳定、不确定、难预料成为常态。
Our world is undergoing change on a scale unseen in a century. Various problems old and new and complex issues are converging with and compounding each other, posing unprecedented challenges for human society. Instability, uncertainty, and unpredictability are now the norm.
和平赤字不断加深。第二次世界大战结束以来，人类社会维持了70多年的总体和平，但威胁世界和平的因素仍在积聚。欧亚大陆战火重燃，局势持续紧张，热点问题此起彼伏，军备竞赛阴霾不散，核战争的“达摩克利斯之剑”高悬，世界面临重新陷入对抗甚至战争的风险。
The peace deficit is growing. Though human society has largely maintained peace since the end of World War II, threats to world peace continue to amass. War has returned to the Eurasian continent, tensions are rising, and a series of flashpoints are emerging. The shadow of the arms race lingers on, and the threat of nuclear war – the Sword of Damocles that hangs over humanity – remains. Our world is at risk of plunging into confrontation and even war.
发展赤字持续扩大。全球经济复苏乏力，单边主义、保护主义肆虐，一些国家构筑“小院高墙”、强推“脱钩断链”、鼓噪供应链“去风险”，经济全球化遭遇逆流。新冠疫情吞噬全球发展成果，南北差距、发展断层、技术鸿沟等问题更加突出。人类发展指数30年来首次下降，世界新增1亿多贫困人口，近8亿人生活在饥饿之中。
The development deficit is ballooning. The global economic recovery is sluggish, and unilateralism and protectionism are rampant. Some countries are turning to a “small yard, high fence” approach to wall themselves off; they are pushing for decoupling, severing and “derisking” supply chains. All this has caused setbacks to globalization. At the same time the Covid-19 pandemic has reversed global development, exacerbating the North-South gap, development fault lines, and the technology divide. The Human Development Index has declined for the first time in 30 years. The world’s poor population has increased by more than 100 million, and nearly 800 million people live in hunger.
安全赤字日益凸显。国际战略竞争日趋激烈，大国之间信任缺失，冷战思维卷土重来，意识形态对抗老调重弹，恃强凌弱、巧取豪夺、零和博弈等霸权霸道霸凌行径危害深重，恐怖主义、网络攻击、跨国犯罪、生物安全等非传统安全挑战上升。
The security deficit is glaring. Due to more intense global strategic competition and a lack of mutual trust between major countries, the Cold War mindset has re-emerged, and calls for ideological confrontation have resurfaced. Some countries’ hegemonic, abusive, and aggressive actions against others, in the form of swindling, plundering, oppression, and the zero-sum game, are causing great harm. Non-traditional security challenges are on the rise, including terrorism, cyber-attacks, transnational crime, and biological threats.
治理赤字更加严峻。世界正面临多重治理危机，能源危机、粮食危机、债务危机等不断加剧；全球气候治理紧迫性凸显，绿色低碳转型任重道远；数字鸿沟日益扩大，人工智能治理缺位。新冠疫情像一面镜子，折射出全球治理体系这台机器越来越滞后于时代，甚至在一些问题上运转失灵，亟待改革完善。
The governance deficit is more severe. The world is facing multiple governance crises. The energy crisis, food crisis, and debt crisis are intensifying. Global climate governance is urgently needed, and the transition to green, low-carbon development requires dedicated efforts over an extended period of time. The digital divide continues to expand, and sound governance of artificial intelligence is lacking. The Covid-19 pandemic is a mirror through which we have observed that the global governance system is falling further behind the times and keeps breaking down on issues requiring resolution. It has to be reformed and improved.
面对全球性危机，各国不是乘坐在190多条小船上，而是乘坐在一条命运与共的大船上。小船经不起风浪，只有巨舰才能顶住惊涛骇浪。任何一国即使再强大也无法包打天下，必须开展全球合作。各国应携起手来，把“我”融入“我们”，共同构建人类命运共同体，才能共渡难关、共创未来。
In the face of global crises, the 190-plus countries in the world are all in the same big boat. Only big boats can withstand battering winds and crashing waves. No country, however strong it may be, can do everything on its own. We must engage in global cooperation. Only when all countries work together, only when we align individual interests with the interests of all, and only when we truly build a global community of shared future, can humanity tide through the crises confronting us and sail towards a better future.
（三）新时代呼唤新理念
3. The new era calls for new ideas
我们所处的是一个风云变幻的时代，面对的是一个日新月异的世界。传统国际关系理论越来越难以解释今天的世界、无法破解人类面临的困局，国强必霸、崇尚实力、零和博弈等思维越来越不符合时代前进的方向。人类社会亟需符合时代特征、顺应历史潮流的新理念。
This is an era when the world is undergoing rapid changes almost every day. We can no longer interpret the reality we are living in or find satisfactory solutions to the conundrums we are facing by means of traditional approaches to international relations. It is increasingly obvious that the idea that “all strong countries will seek hegemony”, the obsession with superior strength, and the zero-sum mentality are in conflict with the needs of our times. Humanity is in great need of new ideas that generate positive developments and conform to positive historical trends.
“国强必霸”并非绕不开的历史定律。“国强必霸”本质是典型的霸权主义思维，反映的是历史上大国霸权战争的灾难性实践。中国从不认同“国强必霸”，我们的历史智慧是“国霸必衰”。中国发展振兴靠的是自身努力，而非侵略扩张。中国所做的一切都是为了本国人民过上更加幸福的生活，为世界人民提供发展机会，而不是要取代谁、打败谁。
There is no iron law that dictates that a rising power will inevitably seek hegemony. This assumption represents typical hegemonic thinking and is grounded in memories of catastrophic wars between hegemonic powers in the past. China has never accepted that once a country becomes strong enough, it will invariably seek hegemony. China understands the lesson of history – that hegemony preludes decline. We pursue development and revitalization through our own efforts, rather than invasion or expansion. And everything we do is for the purpose of providing a better life for our people, all the while creating more development opportunities for the entire world, not in order to supersede or subjugate others.
“弱肉强食”不是人类共存之道。这一逻辑将自然界的丛林法则简单移植到人类社会，信奉权力至上，从根本上破坏了国家主权平等原则和世界和平稳定。全球化时代你中有我、我中有你，决定了弱肉强食、赢者通吃是一条越走越窄的死胡同，包容普惠、互利共赢才是越走越宽的人间正道。中国一向主张公平正义，坚持在和平共处五项原则基础上同各国发展友好合作，致力于推进国际关系民主化。
The strong preying on the weak is not a way for humans to coexist. If the law of the jungle is imposed on human society, and the idea that “might makes right” prevails, the principle of sovereign equality will be fundamentally undermined, and world peace and stability will be severely endangered. In the age of globalization, all countries are interdependent and interconnected. Therefore, the law of the jungle and the winner-takes-all mindset will lead nowhere – inclusive development for the benefit of all is the right path forward. China has consistently championed equity and justice, and remains committed to friendly cooperation with other countries, on the basis of the Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence, in order to advance democracy in international relations.
“你输我赢”的零和游戏终将玩不转。一些国家抱守零和思维，片面追求绝对安全和垄断优势，这既无助于本国的长远发展，也对世界和平与繁荣构成严重威胁。任何国家都不应盼着别人输，而要致力于同他国一道赢。中国始终把自身发展和世界发展统一起来，始终把中国人民利益同各国人民共同利益结合起来。世界好，中国才能好；中国好，世界才更好。
The zero-sum game in which one wins by causing others to lose is doomed to fail. Nevertheless, certain countries still cling to this mindset, blindly pursuing absolute security and monopolistic advantages. This will do nothing for their development over the long run; it will simply create a major threat to world peace and prosperity. No country should hope for others to fail. Instead, it should work together with other countries for the success of all. China consistently aligns its development with global development, and aligns the interests of the Chinese people with the common interests of all peoples around the world. When the world thrives, China thrives, and vice versa.
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