三、坚持寓支持于监督之中，依法开展法律监督和工作监督
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Third, we conducted oversight of legal compliance and work performance in accordance with the law, thus providing support through oversight.文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/10956.html
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始终把握依照法定职责、限于法定范围、遵守法定程序的原则，坚持正确监督、有效监督，推动宪法法律全面有效实施，确保行政权、监察权、审判权、检察权依法行使。文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/10956.html
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At all times, we worked to ensure that our legally prescribed duties were carried out within the statutory limits of authority and through the procedures as defined in law. By exercising appropriate and effective oversight, we advanced full and effective implementation of the Constitution and the law, and ensured law-based exercise of administrative, supervisory, adjudicatory, and procuratorial powers.文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/10956.html
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强化计划和预算、决算审查监督。紧扣十三届全国人大三次会议批准的经济社会发展目标任务，突出做好“六稳”工作、落实“六保”任务，听取审议国民经济和社会发展计划执行情况报告，定期召开经济形势分析会，跟踪监督经济运行情况，确保党中央重大决策部署落实落地、大会批准的计划全面贯彻执行。贯彻积极财政政策更加积极有为的要求，听取审议中央决算报告、预算执行情况报告、审计工作报告，审查和批准2019年中央决算。听取审议关于审计查出问题整改情况的报告并进行专题询问，开展整改情况跟踪监督，推动有关问题切实整改。认真开展疫情防控税费优惠政策、减税降费专题调研，为加大资金投入、保障好各地疫情防控资金需要提供法律支撑。文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/10956.html
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We strengthened the examination and oversight of the plans, budgets, and final accounts of the government.文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/10956.html
Focusing on the targets and tasks for national economic and social development approved at the Third Session of the 13th NPC, we placed ensuring stability on six fronts and maintaining security in six areas at the top of our agenda.1 We heard and deliberated a report on the implementation of the plan for national economic and social development, held regular meetings to analyze the state of the economy, and conducted ongoing oversight of economic developments to ensure the full implementation of the Party Central Committee’s major decisions and plans, as well as the 2020 plan for national economic and social development adopted by the Third Session.
To comply with the requirement for pursuing a more proactive and impactful fiscal policy, we heard and deliberated the State Council’s reports on its final accounts, on the execution of budgets, and on auditing work, and examined and approved the central government’s final accounts for 2019. We heard and deliberated the report on the rectification of problems discovered through auditing and conducted special inquiries. We carried out oversight over the rectification process to see that relevant problems were effectively remedied.
We carried out research projects on preferential tax and fee policies and on tax and fee reduction policies for epidemic control, so as to provide legal support to meet local governments’ funding requirements as they carried out epidemic control work.
深入推进人大预算审查监督重点拓展改革。制定关于加强地方人大对政府债务审查监督的若干意见，推动预算审查监督重点拓展改革落细落实。开展全口径预算审查、全过程预算监管，强化“事前”监督，聚焦“事中”监督，做实“事后”监督。加强政策实施效果和资金使用绩效情况监督，建立听取政府预算绩效评价情况及相关部门重要政策和重点资金绩效情况通报机制，推动建立绩效评价结果与完善政策和安排预算的挂钩机制。坚持“线上”监测与“线下”调研分析相结合，推进预算联网监督系统二期建设，为全国人大代表履行预算审查监督职责提供便利。
We further advanced the reform for expanding the focus of budget examination and oversight.
We formulated guidelines for strengthening local people’s congresses’ examination and oversight of local government debt, and pushed for the meticulous and effective implementation of reform measures for expanded budget examination and oversight.
We carried out exhaustive budget examination and exercised budget oversight at all stages, intensifying ex ante oversight, concentrating on interim oversight, and carrying out ex post oversight effectively.
We stepped up oversight to see how effectively policies are implemented and how efficiently funds are used. We established mechanisms for hearing reports on performance-based evaluations of government budgets and for releasing information on the performance of important policies and key funds from relevant departments. We encouraged the establishment of a system for linking performance-based evaluation results to policy improvements and budget allocations.
Combining online monitoring with offline research and analysis, we pressed ahead with phase two of the development of the online budget oversight system with a view to helping NPC deputies to perform their budget examination and oversight duties.
认真履行对国有资产管理的监督职责。作出关于加强国有资产管理情况监督的决定，准确把握职责定位，增强监督工作的针对性、规范性和可操作性，为更好监督国有资产管理提供法律保障。听取审议2019年度国有资产管理情况综合报告和关于企业国有资产管理情况专项报告。开展企业国有资产（不含金融企业）管理情况监督调研，推动国务院深化以管资本为主的监管体制改革、国有企业混合所有制改革以及优化调整国有资本布局。开展健全国有资产治理体系专题调研，推进国资联网监督工作，用3年时间基本实现省级、设区的市级、县级地方建立国有资产管理情况报告制度全覆盖的目标。
We fulfilled our duty of overseeing the management of state-owned assets.
We adopted the decision on enhancing oversight of state-owned asset management. We carried out our duties effectively, and worked to ensure that our oversight became more targeted, procedure-based, and practical, so as to provide legal safeguards for more effective oversight of state-owned asset management.
We heard and deliberated a comprehensive report on the management of state-owned assets for 2019, along with a special report on the management of state-owned assets held by enterprises for the same year. We launched research initiatives to oversee the management of state-owned assets held by enterprises (excluding financial enterprises), and encouraged the State Council to further reform the state-owned asset oversight system with the focus on capital management, to advance the mixed ownership reform of state-owned enterprises, and to improve the distribution of state capital.
We carried out research dedicated to refining the state-owned asset governance system and advanced online oversight of state-owned assets. Over a period of three years, we essentially achieved our goal of setting up a system for reporting on state-owned asset management at the provincial, city (with subsidiary districts), and county levels.
听取审议专项工作报告。围绕全面建成小康社会目标任务，紧盯经济运行重点难点问题，听取审议国务院关于科技创新、股票发行注册制改革、脱贫攻坚、财政农业农村资金分配使用情况的报告。首次听取审议国家监察委员会关于开展反腐败国际追逃追赃工作情况的报告，展现了国家监察体制改革的成果和国家治理能力的提升，标志着人大对“一府一委两院”监督工作迈出新步伐。
We heard and deliberated work reports on specific issues.
Focusing on the targets and tasks for building a moderately prosperous society in all respects, and paying particular attention to the priorities and challenges of economic performance, we heard and deliberated the State Council’s reports on scientific and technological innovation, on the reform to introduce a registration-based IPO system, on poverty alleviation, and on the allocation and use of government funds for agriculture and rural areas.
For the first time, we heard and deliberated a National Commission of Supervision report on tracking down corrupt officials hiding abroad and the recovery of stolen state assets. Our work in this area has not only demonstrated the achievements of reforms to the national supervision system and the improvement in our national governance capacity, but also marked a new step forward in the NPC’s exercise of oversight of the State Council, the National Commission of Supervision, the Supreme People’s Court, and the Supreme People’s Procuratorate.
加强执法司法工作监督。听取审议国务院关于公安机关执法规范化建设工作情况的报告，推动公安机关进一步提升严格规范文明公正执法水平。适应民事案件新特点、刑事犯罪新变化，听取审议最高人民法院关于加强民事审判工作依法服务保障经济社会持续健康发展情况的报告、关于民事诉讼程序繁简分流改革试点情况的中期报告，听取审议最高人民检察院关于适用认罪认罚从宽制度情况的报告，推动提高民事审判质效和刑事案件办理质量，实现司法公正与效率有机统一，办案政治效果、法律效果和社会效果有机统一。
We strengthened oversight of law enforcement and judicial work.
We heard and deliberated the State Council’s report on the efforts of public security organs to standardize law enforcement, in a bid to assist these organs in enforcing the law with a stricter, fairer, more measured, and more procedure-based approach.
In response to the new characteristics of civil cases and new crimes, we heard and deliberated a report from the Supreme People’s Court on strengthening the adjudication of civil cases to support sustained and healthy economic and social development in accordance with the law, along with the Supreme People’s Court’s mid-term report on pilot reforms for streamlining civil litigation procedures. We also heard and deliberated the report from the Supreme People’s Procuratorate on applying the system of sentence bargaining in criminal cases. As a result of these efforts, we were able to enhance civil trial quality and efficiency and improving the work performance in the handling of criminal cases, achieved both judicial impartiality and greater efficiency, and coordinated political, legal, and social implications in the handling of cases.
持续加大执法检查力度。围绕统筹推进疫情防控和经济社会发展，回应人大代表和人民群众要求和期盼，常委会检查了关于全面禁止野生动物非法交易和食用的决定、野生动物保护法、土壤污染防治法、农业机械化促进法、慈善法、公共文化服务保障法、反不正当竞争法的实施情况，听取审议国务院关于研究处理“一决定一法”执法检查报告及审议意见情况的报告，宣传普及法律，紧扣法律规定推动法律责任落到实处。聚焦蓝天、碧水、净土保卫战，连续3年先后检查大气污染防治法、水污染防治法、土壤污染防治法实施情况，实地检查22个省份的78个地市，召开74场座谈会，暗访170个单位和项目，梳理20类82个问题，点名曝光143个单位存在的问题。持续推进生态环保领域的执法检查，运用法治方式助力打好污染防治攻坚战，有力推动了生态文明理念、生态环保法律深入人心，凝聚起建设青山常在、绿水长流、空气常新美丽中国的法治力量。
We continued to intensify law enforcement inspections.
In order to coordinate the Covid-19 response with economic and social development, and to meet the demands and expectations of our deputies and the general public, the Standing Committee inspected the implementation of its decision to completely ban the illegal trade and consumption of wild animals, the Wildlife Protection Law, the Law on the Prevention and Control of Soil Pollution, the Law on Promoting Agricultural Mechanization, the Charity Law, the Law on the Provision of Public Cultural Services, and the Law against Unfair Competition. We also heard and deliberated a report from the State Council on its handling of the Standing Committee report on the inspections of the implementation of the decision to completely ban the illegal trade and consumption of wild animals and the Wildlife Protection Law and on the recommendations of its deliberations. We launched public awareness raising campaigns for the relevant laws to ensure the fulfillment of legal responsibilities in line with specific legal stipulations.
Placing the focus on the campaigns to keep our skies blue, our waters clear, and our land pollution-free, we inspected the implementation of the Law on the Prevention and Control of Air Pollution, the Law on the Prevention and Control of Water Pollution, and the Law on the Prevention and Control of Soil Pollution in 2018, 2019, and 2020 respectively. We carried out field inspections in 78 prefecture-level cities in 22 provinces, held 74 seminars, and conducted unannounced investigations in 170 organizations and projects. Subsequently, a total of 82 problems in 20 categories were identified, and the names of the 143 organizations in which problems were discovered were made public. We continued to conduct law enforcement inspections with regard to environmental protection with the aim of using the force of the law to assist in winning the battle against pollution. Crucially, through these inspections we increased the sense of ecological civilization among the people, fostered widespread awareness on observing environmental protection laws, and channeled the strength of the rule of law into building an even more beautiful China with green mountains, clear waters, and fresh air.
扎实做好专题调研。把专题调研作为常委会开展工作监督的重要方式，委员长会议组成人员、常委会、专门委员会和工作委员会开展232次调研，形成了307个调研报告。其中，常委会组织开展“十四五”规划纲要编制工作若干重要问题、生态环保决议落实情况、珍惜粮食反对浪费情况、社会保险制度改革和社会保险法实施、民族团结进步创建工作、政府投资基金管理与改革等6项专题调研。“十四五”规划纲要相关专题调研历时4个多月，有关专门委员会和工作委员会精心组织，深入了解民族、国家安全、财政经济、教科文卫、侨务、环保、“三农”、社会保障等方面情况，形成22份专题调研报告。通过多种渠道、多种途径推动调研成果转化运用，使调研报告有效服务人大监督和立法修法工作，也为中央和国家机关提供决策参考和工作参考。
We achieved real progress in research.
Our research initiatives constitute important channels through which the Standing Committee carries out oversight of work performance. Last year, members of the Chairperson’s Council, the Standing Committee, special committees, and work committees conducted a total of 232 research projects, leading to the compilation of 307 reports. The Standing Committee launched research projects focusing on major issues pertaining to the development of the 14th Five-Year Plan, the implementation of its resolution on environmental protection, the initiative to cherish food and oppose waste, the reform of the social insurance system and the implementation of the Social Insurance Law, initiatives to foster ethnic unity and progress, and the management and reform of government investment funds.
For instance, special committees and work committees spent more than four months conducting the research project regarding the formulation of the 14th Five-Year Plan. As a result of meticulous organization, 22 reports were produced on the basis of acquiring a thorough understanding of the following: issues concerning ethnic groups; national security; finance and the economy; education, science, culture, and public health; overseas Chinese affairs; environmental protection; agriculture, rural areas, and rural residents; and social security.
We worked through multiple channels to ensure the application of our research results, so that these research reports not only serve the NPC in its mission to carry out oversight and enact and revise laws, but they are also referred to by central Party and government departments in their decision-making processes and in carrying out their duties.
四、坚持代表主体地位，支持和服务代表依法履职
Fourth, we upheld the principal position of deputies and supported and assisted them in the law-based performance of their duties.
牢固树立服务代表的理念，围绕密切常委会同代表的联系、密切代表同人民群众的联系，认真落实关于加强和改进全国人大代表工作“35条具体措施”，不断提高代表工作水平。
Keeping our duty to serve deputies firmly in mind, we fully implemented the 35 measures to strengthen and enhance our work related to NPC deputies that emphasized close contact between the Standing Committee and deputies and between deputies and the public, so as to further raise the standard of this work.
认真办好代表议案和建议。十三届全国人大三次会议主席团交付的506件代表议案全部审议完毕，其中118件议案涉及的22个立法项目已审议通过或正在审议，168件议案涉及的58个立法项目已列入立法规划或计划。代表提出的9180件建议，交由194家承办单位办理并全部答复代表，代表建议所提问题得到解决或计划逐步解决的占71.28%。将181件代表建议涉及的9个方面问题确定为重点督办建议，全国人大有关专门委员会负责督办，有力推动了一批群众关心、社会关注重点难点问题的解决。代表在闭会期间提交的400多件建议，交由98家承办单位研究处理，做到即收即办、逐件反馈。完善代表议案建议交办协调工作机制，协调解决意见最集中、反映最突出的问题，推动议案建议转化为促发展、惠民生、暖民心的政策举措。
We earnestly handled proposals and suggestions made by deputies.
We deliberated all 506 of the proposals that were referred to us by the Presidium of the Third Session of the 13th NPC. Among these, 22 legislative items addressed in 118 of the proposals were deliberated and adopted, or are currently under deliberation, and 58 legislative items addressed in 168 of the proposals have been included in our five-year legislative program or annual legislative plan.
A total of 9,180 suggestions made by deputies were referred to 194 organizations for handling, with feedback given to deputies. Approximately 71.28 percent of the issues raised in these suggestions were either solved or addressed with plans to resolve them over time. Issues drawn from 181 suggestions that cover nine areas were selected as key suggestions and handled under the oversight of special committees. This helped to resolve a number of difficult and key issues of broad public concern.
More than 400 suggestions which were raised when the NPC was not in session were handed over to 98 organizations for examination and handling. We ensured that every suggestion was dealt with as swiftly as possible with feedback.
We improved the mechanism for coordinating the handling of proposals and suggestions raised by our deputies, facilitated the resolution of issues of the greatest concern, and pushed forward the translation of proposals and suggestions into policies and measures that promote development, improve public wellbeing, and bring tangible benefits to the people.
密切常委会同代表的联系。常委会组成人员直接联系439位代表，通过座谈、走访、电话、邮件、微信、参加调研等方式，认真听取代表意见建议。推动代表深度参与常委会工作，邀请175人次代表列席常委会会议，召开2次列席代表座谈会。各专门委员会探索建立对口联系代表机制，500多人次代表参加执法检查、工作调研、计划和预算审查监督、国有资产管理监督等工作。落实重要法律草案征求代表意见机制，修订未成年人保护法时，采纳214位代表提出的完善青少年控烟长效机制等建议。增设6个立法联系点，新设5个基层预算审查监督联系点，搭建听取代表、群众意见的“直通车”。
We maintained close contact with deputies.
Members of the Standing Committee got in touch with 439 deputies and listened carefully to their views and suggestions through such channels as forums, visits, phone calls, emails, WeChat, and investigations. We encouraged deputies to fully engage in the work of the Standing Committee, saw non-voting deputy attendance at the Standing Committee meetings reach 175, and held two discussions with invited deputies.
Special committees explored ways to set up a mechanism for establishing direct contact with deputies in specific fields. This led to over 500 instances of deputies participating in law enforcement inspections, research projects, plan and budget examinations and oversight, and in the oversight of state-owned asset management.
On the basis of implementing the mechanism for soliciting comments of deputies on the drafts of important laws, we adopted the suggestions of 214 deputies on improving the long-term mechanism for tobacco control among minors as part of broader revisions to the Law on the Protection of Minors. We opened six additional legislative outreach offices and five more outreach offices for the examination and oversight of local government budgets. This has created a direct channel for hearing the views of deputies and the general public.
密切代表同人民群众的联系。代表联系群众形式多样、内容丰富，这是近年代表工作的一个亮点。代表通过走访、座谈、回原选举单位述职、参加代表小组活动等方式直接听取和反映群众意见建议，发挥了党和政府联系群众的桥梁纽带作用。按照常委会统一安排，约1800人次代表参加集中视察、专题调研活动，形成一批重要调研成果。全国人大代表就近参加代表联络站、代表之家活动，积极推动解决就业、教育、医疗、住房、养老、食品安全、生态环保等方面人民群众反映突出的问题，有效发挥代表在反映群众诉求、解决民生难题中的积极作用。
We fostered close ties between deputies and the people.
In recent years, the diversity in the channels and topics of the communication between our deputies and the people has become a real highlight of our deputies’ work. Deputies heard and conveyed opinions and suggestions from the public through multiple channels such as visits, forums, work reports to the organizations which elected them, and by participating in deputy group activities. This has enabled them to fully play their role as a bridge between the Party and government and the people.
Under the unified arrangements of the Standing Committee, we organized inspection tours and research projects with the total number of opportunities for participation reaching around 1,800. These activities proved fruitful. NPC deputies attended activities organized by their liaison offices, and actively helped to address problems of immediate concern to the people, including those relating to employment, education, healthcare, housing, elderly care, food safety, and environmental protection. In doing so deputies played an active role in reflecting public concerns and solving the difficult issues which impact people’s wellbeing.
加强代表履职能力建设。创建全国人大网络学院，为代表和各级人大提供了学习培训的新途径。开设人大历史、代表履职知识、代表风采等具有人大特色的专栏，增强培训课程针对性和实效性，截至目前课程总点播量达到83万次。举办3期网络视频学习班和2期线上线下相结合的代表学习班，1.1万人次代表和地方人大负责同志参加学习。基层代表积极参加学习培训，思想政治水平、法律政策水平、专业知识水平进一步提高，联系人民、代表人民、服务人民自觉性主动性进一步增强，在联系群众、接触实际中积极发现并反映带有普遍性、共性、典型性的问题，推动从法律上、制度上、政策上予以解决。
We improved deputies’ ability to perform their duties.
We established an NPC online school, as a new study channel for NPC deputies and local people’s congresses at all levels. The school features learning materials tailored to people’s congresses on such topics as the history of the NPC, fundamentals of deputy duty, and deputy profiles. We made our training courses more targeted and effective. Up to now, these courses have received 830,000 views. We held three online video study sessions and two sessions which were conducted both online and offline for deputies and heads of local people’s congresses, with a total attendance of 11,000.
Having earnestly participated in study and training programs, deputies working at the community level have been able to enhance their theoretical competence, strengthen their political commitment, deepen their understanding of laws and policies, and enrich their professional knowledge. They have become more purposeful and active in their efforts to engage with, represent, and serve the people. While maintaining close ties with members of the public and getting to know the situation on the ground, deputies took active steps to identify and report on the most common and prominent problems, and to facilitate their resolution through legal and institutional means along with policy measures.
改进人大信访工作。制定全国人大代表信访事项办理工作规程，交办转办代表来信141件次。开通网上信访平台，一年多来处理网上信访2.4万件次。拓展民主立法的渠道，认真研究分析群众来信来访反映集中的问题，在相关立法修法工作中予以回应。
We improved the handling of public complaints.
We formulated procedures for handling public complaints conveyed by NPC deputies, and forwarded 141 letters from deputies so that they could be followed up by the relevant departments. We set up an online platform to receive and process public complaints. In just over a year, the platform has been used to deal with 24,000 complaints. We developed new channels for democratic legislation, meticulously studied and analyzed issues of great concern which people had raised in their complaints, and ensured that their concerns were addressed in the enactment of relevant laws or revisions to existing laws.
