关于2012年国民经济和社会发展计划执行情况的报告（中英对照）

关于2012年国民经济和社会发展计划执行情况与2013年国民经济和社会发展计划草案的报告

Report on the Implementation of the 2012 Plan for National Economic and Social Development and on the 2013 Draft Plan for National Economic and Social Development

——2013年3月5日在第十二届全国人民代表大会第一次会议上

First Session of the Twelfth National People’s Congress March 5, 2013

国家发展和改革委员会

National Development and Reform Commission

各位代表：

Fellow Deputies,

受国务院委托，现将2012年国民经济和社会发展计划执行情况与2013年国民经济和社会发展计划草案提请十二届全国人大一次会议审议，并请全国政协各位委员提出意见。

The National Development and Reform Commission has been entrusted by the State Council to submit this report on the implementation of the 2012 plan and on the 2013 draft plan for national economic and social development to the First Session of the Twelfth National People’s Congress (NPC) for your deliberation and approval and for comments and suggestions from members of the National Committee of the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC).

一、2012年国民经济和社会发展计划执行情况

I. Implementation of the 2012 Plan for National Economic and Social Development

过去的一年，面对严峻复杂的国际经济形势和国内改革发展稳定的繁重任务，各地区、各部门按照党中央、国务院的决策部署，坚持以科学发展为主题，以加快转变经济发展方式为主线，按照稳中求进的工作总基调，依据十一届全国人大五次会议审议批准的国民经济和社会发展计划，认真落实中央宏观调控各项决策，保持了经济社会发展的良好态势，计划执行情况总体是好的。

Last year, in the face of severe and complicated economic situations abroad and arduous tasks of reform, development and stability at home, all localities and departments followed the decisions and plans of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (CPC) and the State Council, and took developing in a scientific way as the underlying guideline and accelerating the change of the growth model as the major task. In accordance with the keynote of making progress while ensuring stability and based on the plan for national economic and social development adopted at the Fifth Session of the Eleventh NPC, we implemented the central leadership’s macro-control policies and maintained a good momentum in China’s economic and social development. Overall, we successfully implemented the plan for 2012.

（一）经济运行总体平稳。2012年初，国内经济下行压力明显加大，中央审时度势，把稳增长放在更加重要的位置，实施一系列有针对性的措施，取得了预期效果。初步核算，国内生产总值519322亿元，增长7.8%，超过预期目标0.3个百分点。实施积极的财政政策，结构性减税力度加大，民生等重点支出得到有力保障，全国公共财政收入117210亿元，增长12.8%，财政赤字8000亿元；实施稳健的货币政策，货币信贷平稳适度增长，重点领域和薄弱环节得到较好支持，全年新增人民币贷款8.2万亿元，比上年多增7320亿元，年末广义货币供应量M₂余额增长13.8%。经济运行调节继续加强，煤电油气运稳定有序供应。企业经济效益逐步好转，规模以上工业企业实现利润55578亿元，比上年增长5.3%。

1. On the whole the economy operated steadily.

Downward pressure on economic growth increased considerably in early 2012. In response the central leadership sized up the situation, gave higher priority to ensuring steady growth, adopted a number of targeted measures, and yielded the desired results. Preliminary estimates suggest China’s gross domestic product (GDP) amounted to 51.9322 trillion yuan, an increase of 7.8%, and 0.3 percentage points higher than the targeted figure. We followed a proactive fiscal policy and increased structural tax reductions, thereby ensuring spending on major areas including those related to the people’s wellbeing. National revenue totaled 11.721 trillion yuan, an increase of 12.8%, and the fiscal deficit was 800 billion yuan. We followed a prudent monetary policy, maintained stable, reasonable growth in the money and credit supply, and increased support for key areas and weak links. We granted 8.2 trillion yuan in RMB loans for the year, 732 billion yuan more than the previous year. At the end of 2012, the balance of broad money supply (M₂) rose 13.8%. We improved regulation of economic activities, and ensured stable and orderly supplies of coal, electricity, petroleum, gas, and transport. The performance of enterprises steadily picked up, and the profits of large industrial enterprises reached 5.5578 trillion yuan, an increase of 5.3% over the previous year.

内需在稳增长中发挥了支撑作用。进一步提高居民消费能力，培育消费热点，改善消费环境，消费成为拉动经济增长的主要动力，社会消费品零售总额210307亿元，增长14.3%，超过预期目标0.3个百分点。投资稳定增长、结构继续优化，一批“十二五”规划重点项目启动实施，关系民生的基础设施建设加快，全社会固定资产投资374676亿元，增长20.3%，超过预期目标4.3个百分点，其中民间投资增长24.8%，所占比重达到61.4%，比上年提高2个百分点。最终消费、资本形成对经济增长的贡献率分别达到51.8%、50.4%。

Domestic demand played a leading role in achieving stable growth. We further enhanced people’s ability to consume, cultivated new areas of high consumption, improved the consumption environment, and got consumption to be the main driving force behind economic growth. Retail sales of consumer goods totaled 21.0307 trillion yuan, an increase of 14.3%, and 0.3 percentage points higher than the target. Investment maintained stable growth, and the structure of investment was optimized. We launched a number of major projects laid out in the Twelfth Five-Year Plan, and accelerated development of infrastructure that has a bearing on people’s lives. China’s total fixed-asset investment amounted to 37.4676 trillion yuan, up 20.3%, and 4.3 percentage points higher than the target. This includes a 24.8% increase in nongovernmental investment, which accounted for 61.4% of the total fixed-asset investment, 2 percentage points higher from the previous year. Final consumption and capital formation contributed 51.8% and 50.4% to the economic growth, respectively.

（二）物价涨幅稳步回落。坚持把保持物价总水平基本稳定作为宏观调控的重要任务，加强价格综合调控监管，全年居民消费价格上涨2.6%，回落2.8个百分点，控制在目标范围内。市场供应有效保障。重要商品产运销衔接及储备吞吐、进出口调节加强，全年投放政策性粮食1850万吨。生猪市场价格调控预案得到较好落实，北方大城市冬春蔬菜储备制度不断完善，基本蔬菜品种政策性保险试点有序开展。加强市场价格和收费监管，规范学前教育收费和中小学教材、教辅材料价格，降低部分药品价格，清理整顿违规及不合理公路收费和涉企收费，有效减轻了消费者和企业负担。开展商品房明码标价、商业银行收费、涉农收费、电信资费、进出口环节收费等专项检查，推进反价格垄断执法，全年共查处价格违法案件3.78万件，实施经济制裁21.22亿元。

2. Price increases dropped steadily.

We made keeping overall price levels stable our main task in carrying out macro-control measures, and strengthened comprehensive price regulation and oversight, with the rise in consumer price index (CPI) for the year dropping 2.8 percentage points to 2.6% and being kept below the targeted figure. Adequate market supply was ensured. We strengthened coordination of the production, transportation, and sale of important commodities, as well as handling of their reserves and adjustment of their imports and exports. We released a total of 18.5 million tons of policy-supported grain for the year. We successfully implemented the contingency plan for adjusting the market price of hogs, improved the reserve system for winter and spring vegetables in major northern cities, and carried out trials of the policy-supported insurance system for basic vegetables in an orderly fashion. We tightened oversight and control on market prices and charges, regulated preschool education fees and prices of teaching and tutorial materials for primary and secondary school students, lowered drug prices, and reviewed and rectified illegal and unreasonable road tolls and fees related to enterprises, thereby effectively lightening the burden on consumers and enterprises. We inspected problems in marking of commodity housing prices, fees charged by commercial banks and telecommunication services, and fees related to agriculture and imports and exports. We pushed forward law enforcement efforts to counter price fixing. Last year, we investigated and dealt with 37,800 cases of pricing irregularities, and imposed economic penalties worth 2.122 billion yuan.

（三）农业基础地位进一步稳固。强农惠农富农政策力度继续加大。中央财政用于“三农”的支出增长18%，中央预算内投资用于“三农”建设的比重提高到50.5%，涉农信贷增长20.7%。落实最严格的耕地保护制度，耕地保有量保持在18.2亿亩以上。全国新增千亿斤粮食生产能力规划全面实施，基层农技推广服务体系建设项目基本覆盖全部乡镇。大江大河大湖治理和骨干水源工程建设全面加快，大中型灌区改造与建设、大型灌排泵站更新改造、小型农田水利建设和中小河流治理加强，海洋渔船更新改造力度加大，生猪和奶牛标准化规模养殖场建设积极推进。提高小麦、稻谷最低收购价和玉米、大豆、油菜籽临时收储价格，加大棉花、食糖临时收储力度。全年粮食总产量5896亿公斤，增长3.2%，实现连续9年增产，经济作物产量稳中有增。农村生产生活条件继续改善，农村安全饮水普及率达到81%，新建和改造农村电网线路31.76万公里，新建改建农村公路19.4万公里，新增农村沼气用户180万户，改造农村危房560万户。支持建设粮食收储仓容422万吨、农产品批发市场105个和冷链物流配送能力800万吨。万村千乡市场工程继续实施，标准化农家店覆盖75%的行政村。

3. The position of agriculture as the foundation of the economy was further consolidated.

We increased policy support to strengthen agriculture, benefit farmers, and enrich rural areas. Total central government expenditures on agriculture, rural areas, and farmers increased by 18%; the proportion of investment funds from the central government budget used in this area were raised to 50.5%; and supply of credit for this purpose rose by 20.7%. We implemented the strictest possible system for protecting arable land, and kept the total area of arable land above 121.3 million hectares. We fully implemented the plan to increase China’s grain production capacity by 50 million tons, and projects to develop the community-level service system for spreading agricultural technology were carried out in nearly all towns and townships. We accelerated the development of projects to harness major rivers and lakes and protect major water sources in an all-around way, and strengthened efforts to build and transform large and medium-sized irrigated areas, upgrade and retrofit large irrigation and drainage pumping stations, develop small water conservancy projects, and harness small and medium-sized rivers. We upgraded more sea fishing boats and built more large-scale standardized hog and dairy cow farms. We raised the price floors for wheat and rice, offered higher prices for corn, soybeans, and rapeseed purchased and stockpiled on a temporary basis, and increased temporary purchases and stockpiling of cotton and sugar. Total grain output increased for the ninth consecutive year and amounted to 589.6 billion kilograms, up 3.2%, and output of cash crops rose steadily. Working and living conditions in rural areas improved. We provided safe drinking water to 81% of the rural population, installed or upgraded an additional 317,600 kilometers of electric power lines in the countryside, laid or upgraded 194,000 kilometers of rural roads, made methane available to another 1.8 million rural households, and renovated dilapidated houses for 5.6 million rural households. We supported the construction of grain depots with a total capacity of 4.22 million tons, as well as the construction of 105 wholesale markets for agricultural products and cold-chain logistics facilities with a handling capacity of 8 million tons. We carried out the project on rural goods distribution to get retailers to open stores in more townships and villages, and got standardized rural stores to set up in 75% of the country’s villages.