副国务卿罗伯特·霍马茨在2013年美中因特网产业论坛的主题讲话（中英对照）

英文版：Keynote Address at U.S.-China Internet Industry Forum.doc

中文版：在美中因特网产业论坛的主题讲话.doc

Keynote Address at U.S.-China Internet Industry Forum

在美中因特网产业论坛的主题讲话

 

Robert D. Hormats, Under Secretary for Economic Growth, Energy, and the Environment

负责经济增长、能源和环境事务的副国务卿罗伯特·霍马茨

 

Beijing, China

中国北京

 

April 9, 2013

2013年4月9日

 

Thank you very much. It’s a great honor and privilege to be here. I would like to begin by thanking Craig Mundie of Microsoft and State Council Information Office Vice Minister Qian Xiaoqian for inviting me to participate in this Forum.

 

非常感谢大家。非常荣幸来到这里。首先，我要感谢微软公司的克雷格•蒙迪和中国国务院新闻办公室副主任钱小芊邀请我参加这个论坛。

 

I am very pleased to be able to return to the U.S.-China Internet Industry Forum for the fourth time as Under Secretary of State.

 

我很高兴能够第四次以副国务卿身份参加美中因特网产业论坛。

 

This is an exciting time for the relationship between our two countries, as leadership transitions both in China and the United States potentially provide new opportunities for collaboration. The internet is, of course, one area where this spirit of collaboration could be harnessed for mutual benefit.

 

中国和美国领导层的换届有可能为两国带来新的合作机会，因此这是两国关系的一个令人兴奋的时刻。因特网当然是可以利用这种合作精神来实现互惠互利的一个领域。

 

But as several of the previous speakers have indicated just a few moments ago, recent exchanges and a considerable amount of press coverage on this critical issue have been negative.

 

但是，正如前几位发言者刚才所表示的，最近在这一关键问题上的相互说法和大量的新闻报道都是负面的。

 

And I must admit again – as I did last year – to some degree of frustration that while many useful discussions have taken place, there also have been a number of steps backward with respect to certain aspects of the internet.

 

我必须再次承认一点——就像我去年所做的一样——而且带着某种程度的失望，这就是：虽然进行了许多有益的讨论，但在因特网的某些方面出现了一些倒退。

 

Today I will address both the challenges and the opportunities for cooperation in three key areas each of which have been focal points of discussion and which have been mentioned by previous speakers: (1) internet governance, (2) internet freedom, and (3) the growing attention being devoted to the increasingly serious problem of cyber incidents, theft of trade secrets and intellectual property rights violations.

 

今天，我将谈谈在三个关键领域展开合作的挑战和机会，其中的每个领域都一直是讨论的焦点，前几位发言者也有所提及：（1）因特网治理、（2）因特网自由和（3）对日益严重的网络事件、盗取商业机密及侵犯知识产权等问题越来越多的关注。

 

And as I do so, I want to stress that collaboration with the private sector – both in China and the United States – will be critical to progress in each of these areas. That is why I am especially glad that there are so many high-level representatives from China’s internet community represented today.

 

在我谈论这些问题时，我要强调，与私营行业展开合作——无论在中国和美国——对于上述每个领域的进展都将至关重要。因此我对今天有这么多中国因特网业界高层代表出席感到特别高兴。

 

I’d like to begin with internet governance. The United States firmly supports the existing multi-stakeholder arrangement of internet governance. The value and vitality of the internet are in large part thanks to a wide range of private sector innovators and consumers around the world.

 

我想先谈谈因特网治理。美国坚决支持现有的因特网治理的多方利益相关者非正式协议。因特网的价值和活力在很大程度上要归功于世界各地各个私营行业的创新者和消费者。

 

But important credit should also go to internet-focused institutions, such as the Internet Engineering Task Force, the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN), the Internet Governance Forum (IGF), and the World Wide Web Consortium.

 

但专事因特网的各个机构，例如因特网工程任务组、因特网域名和数字编号分配机构、因特网治理论坛和万维网联盟，也有重要功劳。

 

The openness and flexibility of these institutions have allowed the internet to adapt and grow into the world’s most compelling platform for information exchange, for business innovation, for collaborative research, and for creativity.

 

这些机构的开放性和灵活性使因特网具有适应力，并成长为世界上最强有力的信息交流、业务创新、协作研究和发挥创造力的平台。

 

The specific characteristics of these institutions – open, multi-stakeholder, and free from governmental control – have facilitated the stunning success of the internet. The global economy would not be able to function as it does today without the rapid, efficient, and multi-directional cross-border data flows that the Internet enables.

 

这些机构的具体特点——开放、有多方利益相关者和不受政府控制——促成了因特网的惊人成功。没有因特网支持的快速、高效和多方位的跨境信息流动，全球经济不会像今天这样运作。

 

From 2008 to 2012, the annual growth rate of cross-border data flows was 49 percent. – far above the mere 2.4% per annum increase in trade in goods and services during this very same period.

 

从2008年到2012年，跨境信息流动的年度增长率为49%——远高于同期商品和服务贸易仅2.4%的年度增长率。

 

For the Internet to continue the dynamic evolution it has undergone and be able to produce the enormous benefits it has for so many hundreds of millions of people throughout the world, we need to enable it to continue to support the creativity of innovators, to operate in a transparent manner, and to be responsive to users and innovators in China, the United States, and elsewhere in the world.

 

若要因特网继续有这种充满活力的发展，并且能够为世界各地亿万人民带来它的巨大效益，我们必须使因特网能够继续支持创新者的创造力，以透明的方式运行，并响应中国、美国和世界各地的用户和创新者的需要。

 

That is why the United States remains committed to strengthening this multi-stakeholder system. And because we want to continue to support this multi-stakeholder system we opted not to sign the final acts of last year’s World Conference on International Telecommunications (WCIT).

 

这就是美国继续致力于加强这一有多方利益相关者的机制的原因。而且因为我们希望继续支持这个多方利益相关者机制，我们选择不签署去年国际电信世界大会的最终决议。

 

We were concerned that the document could have been used in future attempts to erode international multi-stakeholder internet governance and with it to strengthen those who believe in various types of “information nationalism.”

 

我们担心这一文件在未来可能会被用于企图削弱国际性的有多方利益相关者的因特网治理，并被用来更有利于那些相信各类“信息民族主义”的人。

 

This is one area where the United States and Chinese officials have significant differences. We believe a top-down, government-led approach to guiding the future of the Internet would be fundamentally flawed.

 

这是美国和中国官员存在显著差异的一个领域。我们认为，采用自上而下由政府主导的方式来引导因特网的未来具有根本性的缺陷。

 

It would threaten the vitality of the Internet by placing power in the hands of government decision makers in various parts of the world whose tendencies would be to weaken or impair its international character and dynamism.

 

这种做法将权力交到世界各地政府决策者的手中，而他们倾向于削弱或减少因特网的国际特征和能动性，从而将威胁因特网的活力。

 

The Internet therefore would move at the halting speed of government – which also politicizes many decisions – rather than the dynamic speed of innovation. We also believe that many of the millions of innovators in China – and hundreds of millions of Internet-connected citizens in China, the United States, and around the world who need quick and reliable internet access to communicate, do business, and exchange data through national and global servers in order to prosper in this hyper-connected information era – would be disadvantaged as well.

 

这样将使因特网要按照政府的蹒跚速度运作——也会使许多决策蒙上政治色彩——不再有充满活力的创新速度。我们还认为，中国数百万创新者——以及中国、美国和世界各地亿万公民也将遭受损失，因为人们需要有快速和可靠的上网能力，以便通过全国和全球服务器，进行通信交流、开展业务、交换数据信息，从而在这个超互连时代走向繁荣成功。

 

But while the United States and China were not in agreement on signing the final acts of WCIT, it is imperative now as we attempt to embrace the future that we seek to move beyond these divisions and work to pursue meaningful opportunities to address this divide.

 

但是，尽管美国和中国对于签署国际电信世界大会的最终文件存在不同意见，为了努力迎接我们所寻求的未来，我们必须超越这些分歧，并努力追求有意义的机会来解决这一分歧。

 

I believe there is room for the U.S. and China to enhance cooperation on internet governance. And I believe we can find common ground in multi-stakeholder internet institutions by working to ensure the full representation of all stakeholders – including, indeed especially, the private sector and a wide range of innovators.

 

我相信，美国和中国在因特网治理方面有加强合作的空间。而且我相信，通过努力确保所有的利益相关者，包括——实际上尤其是——私营行业和各类创新者得到充分的代表，我们能够在有多方利益相关者的因特网机制中找到共同点。

 

And as we do so, transparency must be a key priority, which brings me to my second topic and that is internet freedom. The U.S. Government strongly supports respect for freedom of expression, including on the internet. This goes back to the founding of our nation.