罗伯特·霍马茨在南京大学-约翰斯·霍普金斯大学中美文化研究中心的演讲（中英对照）

The Future of U.S.-China Economic Relations<?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" />

美中经济关系的前景

--Remarks at the Hopkins-Nanjing Center

在南京大学-约翰斯·霍普金斯大学中美文化研究中心的演讲

Robert D. Hormats, Under Secretary for Economic Growth, Energy, and the Environment, U.S. Department of State

罗伯特·霍马茨，美国国务院负责经济增长、能源和环境事务的副国务卿

Nanjing, China

中国 南京

December 6, 2012

2012年12月6日

Thank you, Jason, for that kind introduction.

感谢贾森的热情介绍。

It’s a special privilege to be here at the Hopkins Nanjing Center, which has played such an important role in promoting mutual understanding between the United States and China. And there’s no better time to be here than just three weeks after Communist Party Chairman Xi Jinping stated in his first speech that: “China needs to learn more about the world, and the world also needs to learn more about China. I hope you will continue to make efforts and contributions to deepening the mutual understanding between China and the countries of the world.”

对于应邀来到南京大学-霍普金斯大学中美文化研究中心发表演讲，我感到特别荣幸，该中心对促进美国与中国之间的相互了解发挥了重要作用。我此次到访恰逢时宜，因为就在三周前，中国共产党总书记习近平在首次讲话中表示：“中国需要更多地了解世界，世界也需要更多地了解中国。希望你们今后继续为增进中国与世界各国的相互了解做出努力和贡献。”

Chairman Xi’s message is directed squarely at those of you in this room – the future leaders of the United States and China who will contribute to enhancing mutual understanding in the future. And it is not unlike the message my generation responded to when President Nixon in his historic visit to China 40 years ago upheld “the hope that each of us has to build a new world order in which nations and peoples with different systems and different values can live together in peace, respecting one another while disagreeing with one another, letting history rather than the battlefield be the judge of their different ideas.”

习近平总书记的话正是对今天在座的诸位所讲的——你们是美中两国的未来领导人，将为增进相互了解做出贡献。这番话与我这一代人所响应的尼克松总统在40年前对中国进行历史性访问时发出的信息相似，即“我们双方都希望建立一种新的世界秩序，具有不同制度和不同价值观的国家和人民可以在其中和平相处，虽有分歧但互相尊重，让历史而不是战场对他们的不同思想做出判断。”

As some of you know, I served on Henry Kissinger’s National Security Council staff during that period, and I have worked over the past 40 years in government service and the private sector to try to promote enhanced U.S.-China economic relations. And I now see our two countries on the verge of a new era in our bilateral economic relationship – one when we can explore new possibilities for “mutual benefit” and “win-win cooperation.”

正如在座有些人所知，我曾在当时由亨利·基辛格领导的国家安全委员会任职，过去40年我在政府机构和私营部门工作，努力增进美中经济关系。现在，我看到美中两国的双边经济关系即将步入一个新时代，两国可以探索实现“互惠互利”与“合作共赢”的新的可能性。

At the same point, however, there are significant challenges that will need to be overcome in the U.S.-China economic relationship. And it will be up to all of you in this audience to navigate sometimes difficult waters in order to ensure shared prosperity over the next 40 years.

但与此同时，美中经济关系仍需克服一些重大挑战。确保两国在未来40年实现共同繁荣还要仰赖在座的诸位在不无风险的航道上保持正确的方向。

I want to share a few thoughts with you today about the current state of the bilateral economic relationship, as well as some views on the opportunities and challenges ahead.

今天，我想就美中双边经济关系现状以及未来的机遇和挑战与诸位分享一些个人看法。

Progress in U.S.-China Economic Relations

美中经济关系的进展

China’s stunning economic growth over the past three decades has lifted hundreds of millions of Chinese out of poverty and thrust China into global markets as the second-largest economy and world’s leading exporter. China’s foreign trade has grown over six-fold since joining the WTO in 2001, due in large part to its “Going Out” strategy, which was launched in 1999 to encourage investment abroad. The United States welcomes a strong, prosperous, and successful China that plays a key role in world affairs and adheres to international standards. And we are counting on China’s leadership to help meet the many challenges confronting the global economy. It is worth noting that when President Nixon first visited China forty years ago, the U.S.-China economic relationship was nonexistent. China’s economic policies were of little or no consequence to our domestic economy – nor did our economic policies have any effect on theirs.

中国在过去30年所取得的惊人的经济增长已使数亿中国人摆脱贫困，中国成为全球市场上第二大经济体和最大出口国。自2001年加入世界贸易组织以来，中国的对外贸易增长了5倍多，这在很大程度上归功于1999年推出的鼓励对国外投资的“走出去”战略。美国欢迎一个强大、繁荣和成功的中国在国际事务中发挥关键作用，并遵守国际标准。我们期待中国在帮助应对全球经济所面临的诸多挑战方面发挥领导作用。值得一提的是，尼克松总统在40年前首次访问中国时，美中两国不存在经济关系。中国的经济政策对我国经济无足轻重，我国的经济政策对中国经济也没有任何影响。

Today the situation is very different.

今天的情形则大不相同。

In 2011, the United States imported $399 billion in goods from China and exported $103 billion to China – a nearly four-fold increase in imports and a five-fold increase in exports in the 10 years since China joined the WTO in 2001. And while the United States and China share many common interests – and the relationship has produced a number of mutual benefits – we must also recognize the several areas on which our positions diverge and where we do not prioritize the same values. What drove growth in China over the past 40 years is not likely to drive it over the next 40 years, so to address differences, and build on common interests, our economic relations over the next 40 years may need to be framed differently than in the past 40 years. Importantly, we must identify areas where U.S. interests and China’s interests converge.

2011年，美国从中国进口价值3990亿美元的商品，向中国出口价值1030亿美元的商品，分别是中国10年前于2001年加入WTO时的近4倍和5倍。美国和中国在许多领域均拥有共同利益——美中关系已实现诸多互惠互利——但我们也必须认识到双方在若干领域持不同立场，对价值的判断也有所不同。过去40年中推动中国快速增长的因素不太可能推动中国在未来40年实现快速增长，因此，为了化解分歧和增进共同利益，可能需要重构与过去40年不同的美中经济关系。重要的是，我们必须确定美国利益和中国利益共存的领域。