潘基文秘书长2012年防止战争和武装冲突糟蹋环境国际日致辞（中英对照）

Secretary-General’s Message on the International Day for Preventing the Exploitation of the Environment in War and Armed Conflict<?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" />

防止战争和武装冲突糟蹋环境国际日致辞

New York, 6 November 2012

纽约，2012年11月6日

War and armed conflict shred the fabric of sustainable development.  They expand poverty, stunt opportunity and undermine fundamental human rights.  No conflict-affected country has yet achieved a single Millennium Development Goal.  As we look beyond the 2015 MDG deadline, we must recognize peace and security as a critical “fourth dimension” of sustainable development.

　　战争和武装冲突破坏可持续发展的结构。它们增加贫穷，阻碍机会，削弱基本人权。没有哪一个受冲突影响的国家实现了一个千年发展目标。当我们展望2015年千年发展目标最后期限以后的前景时，我们必须认识到，和平与安全是可持续发展至关重要的“第四个方面”。

We must also acknowledge that durable peace and post-conflict development depend on environmental protection and good governance of natural resources.  There can be no peace if the resource base that people depend on for sustenance and income is damaged or destroyed – or if illegal exploitation finances or causes conflict.

　　我们还必须承认，持久的和平及冲突后发展取决于环境保护和对自然资源的良好治理。如果人们赖以生存和创造收入的资源基础受到损害或毁坏，或者，如果非法开采活动为冲突提供资助或造成冲突，就不会有和平。

Since 1990, at least 18 violent conflicts have been fuelled by the exploitation of natural resources such as timber, minerals, oil and gas.  Sometimes this is caused by environmental damage and the marginalization of local populations who fail to benefit economically from natural resource exploitation.  More often it is caused by greed.

　　自1990年以来，木材、矿产、石油和天然气等自然资源的开采至少引发了18起暴力冲突。有时，冲突的起因是环境损害以及被边缘化的当地居民未能得到自然资源开采所带来的经济惠益。更多的时候，冲突是由贪婪引起的。

In Afghanistan, some have voiced fears that recently discovered mineral deposits – worth an estimated trillion US dollars – could perpetuate civil conflict.  In the eastern Democratic Republic of Congo, rich reserves of tin, tantalum, tungsten and gold that could be used to raise standards of living for millions of people are instead being used to finance armed groups and prolong violence.  And throughout Africa, elephant populations are being decimated to feed the global illegal ivory trade, which in turn is funding rebels, criminal networks and other destabilizing forces.

　　在阿富汗，已有人表示担心，最近发现的矿藏——估计价值达万亿美元——可能会使国内冲突旷日持久。在刚果民主共和国东部，藏量丰富的锡、钽、钨和金矿本可用于提高数百万民众的生活水平，实际上却被用于资助武装团体和延长暴力。在非洲各地，大象种群正在遭到破坏，被供给全球范围的非法象牙贸易，而这种贸易又在资助反叛分子、犯罪网络和其他破坏稳定的力量。

To date, six United Nations peacekeeping missions have been mandated to support the host country’s ability to re-establish control over its resource base and stop illicit extraction by armed groups.  However, we need a greater international focus on the role of natural resource management in conflict prevention, peacekeeping and peacebuilding.

　　迄今为止，已有六个联合国维持和平特派团被授权支助东道国的能力，以帮助它们重新掌握对本国资源基础的控制并制止武装团体的非法开采活动。然而，我们还需要国际社会加强重视自然资源管理在预防冲突、维持和平及建设和平中的作用。

On this International Day, let us reaffirm our commitment to sustainably managing and safeguarding vital natural resources in times of peace and war.  Let us do more to prevent conflicts over natural resources and maximize their benefits for maintaining and building peace.  The resource curse must no longer be allowed to undermine the security of fragile and conflict-affected states and the foundations of sustainable development.

　　在这个国际日，让我们再次承诺，无论是在和平还是战争时期，都要可持续地管理和保护至为重要的自然资源。让我们做出更多努力，防止争夺自然资源的冲突，最大程度地利用这些资源维护和建设和平。不能再允许“资源诅咒”破坏受冲突影响的脆弱国家的安全和可持续发展的基础。