希拉里·克林顿在俄罗斯APEC工商领导人峰会上的讲话（中英对照）

Remarks at APEC CEO Summit

在俄罗斯APEC工商领导人峰会上的讲话

Secretary of State Hillary Rodham Clinton

国务卿希拉里·罗德姆·克林顿

September 8, 2012

2012年9月8日

Far Eastern University

远东大学

Vladivostok, Russia

俄罗斯符拉迪沃斯托克

SECRETARY CLINTON: Thank you very much, Andrey Kostin, for that introduction and stealing one of my lines about the importance of including women across the APEC region in economic growth and prosperity. And also, I thank you for everything you’ve done to organize this important gathering, which has already heard from some of the leaders in the region about our commitment to enhancing interconnectivity and opportunity for business, trade, and investment. And I want to thank all who are here participating as well.

克林顿国务卿：安德雷·科斯廷，非常感谢你的介绍并偷用我谈到的在APEC地区发展与繁荣中包含妇女的重要意义的一句话。也感谢你为组织这个重要聚会所做的一切；在这次聚会上我们已经听到一些地区领导人谈到了对增进商业、贸易和投资的相互联系和机会的承诺。我也要感谢这里所有与会各位。

I bring greetings from President Obama and a strong reaffirmation of America’s commitment to APEC. The United States is a Pacific power, not just a diplomatic and military power, but an economic power. And our growing economic interdependence is part of why I often say that much of the history of the 21st century will be written in Asia.

我带来了欧巴马总统的问候和美国对APEC再次作出的有力承诺。美国是一个太平洋大国——不仅是外交和军事大国，而且也是经济大国。我之所以经常说21世纪的大量历史将在亚洲书写，部分原因就是由于我们日益增长的经济相互依赖性。

But before I say more about America’s economic engagement in the Asia-Pacific and how it relates to our broader strategy in the region, I’d like to say a few words about our hosts.

不过，在更多谈到美国与亚太地区的经济联系以及它同我们在这一地区更广泛的战略的相关性之前，我想先来说几句与我们的东道主有关的话。

In the economic realm, I want to congratulate Russia on joining the World Trade Organization. (Inaudible) this is good for Russia. It’s good for the United States. It’s good for the global economy. Three successive U.S. administrations worked steadily to advance Russia’s WTO aspirations. We strongly support the basic bargain at the heart of the WTO: Nations that uphold internationally-recognized norms – not just on tariffs but subsidies, procurement preferences, intellectual property rights and so on – these nations get to enjoy the benefits of open markets and free trade.

在经济领域，我要向俄罗斯加入世界贸易组织表示祝贺。（听不清）这有利于俄罗斯。这有利于美国。这有利于全球经济。美国连续三届政府都为推动实现俄罗斯的诉求而持续努力。我们坚决支持作为世贸组织核心的基本协议，即所有坚守国际公认准则的国家——不仅在关税，而且在补贴、采购优先选择、知识产权等等方面——都将从开放市场和自由贸易中受益。

The World Bank, for example, estimates that by effectively implementing its WTO commitments, Russia could increase its gross domestic product by about 3 percent in the medium term, and as much as 11 percent over the long run. So it pays to join the rules-based global trading system. And Russia’s trading partners stand to benefit as well. We believe American exports to Russia could double or even triple.

例如，根据世界银行的估算，俄罗斯通过有效落实它对世贸组织的承诺，有可能在中期内将国内生产总值提高大约3%，长期提高幅度可高达11%。因此，加入基于规则的国际贸易体系是有回报的。俄罗斯的贸易伙伴也将从中受益。我们相信美国对俄罗斯的出口有可能加倍，甚至翻三番。

And that brings me to the larger point I’d like to make today. Last year, in speeches at APEC events in Washington and then again in Hong Kong, I outlined America’s commitment to an economic system based on agreed-upon rules of the road that apply to all nations, developed and developing alike, a system that is open, free, transparent, and fair.

由此引出我今天要谈的一个更广的议题。去年，在华盛顿、后来又在香港的亚太经合组织活动中，我曾概括谈到，美国致力于一个基于共同认可的行路规则的、对发达国家和发展中国家一律适用的开放、自由、透明和公平的经济体系。

This commitment is a central thrust of U.S. strategy in the region. After an extended period in which the United States had to focus a great deal of attention and resources on regions and conflicts elsewhere, we are now making substantially increased investments in the Asia-Pacific. We seek to work with others to build a stable and just regional order that will benefit everyone.

这项承诺是美国对这一地区战略的核心要点。美国曾长期将大量精力和资源用于其他地区和冲突，现在美国在大量增加在亚太地区的投资。我们力图与其他国家一道，建设一个稳定和公正的地区秩序，让所有各方受益。

President Obama took office in the midst of the global financial crisis and worldwide recession. There was then and is an urgent need to rebalance our economy and reduce instability. So we set out at the start to accomplish a number of goals to advance economic progress. There are a few I’d like to speak about briefly today.

欧巴马总统上任时，正值全球金融危机和经济衰退。在当时和在当前我们都面对重新平衡经济、减少不稳定因素的紧迫需要。为此，我们从一开始就致力于实现数项目标，以把经济向前推进。我今天想谈谈其中几项。

They are, first, to advocate forcefully for American companies, so they can compete on an equal level playing field. Second, to pursue new trade agreements with partners across the Asia-Pacific. Third, to expand engagement with regional and global institutions that can mobilize effective common action on shared economic challenges. And fourth, to push for reforms that allow more people in more places to participate in the formal economy. We’ve made concrete, measurable progress in each of these areas. We have still more to do, in cooperation with our partners in the region, including all of you.

首先，为美国公司倡言，以便让它们能够在公平的环境中竞争。第二，争取同亚太各地伙伴达成新的贸易协定。第三，扩大与地区和全球机构的接触合作，以期针对共同面临的经济挑战调动有效的联合行动。第四，推动改革，以便让更多地方更多人参与到正规经济中来。在上述每一个方面，我们都取得了具体的可衡量的进展。我们仍然需要作很多努力——与包括在座各方在内的这个地区的伙伴合作进行。

Let me begin with our advocacy for American businesses. President Obama set the ambitious goal of doubling U.S. exports worldwide by the end of 2014. And we’ve made great gains in APEC. Between just 2009 and 2011, U.S. exports to other APEC economies increased by nearly 45 percent, and they’re up another 7.5 percent in the first half of 2012. But we can still go further. American companies are eager to invest more in Asia. And when they confront unfair regulations, or if they just want advice on local customs, they come to us at the State Department. And we go to bat for them.

让我首先来谈为美国工商企业倡言。欧巴马总统制定了到2014年底将美国向全球的出口翻一番的宏大目标。我们在APEC取得了长足进展。仅从2009年到2011年，美国对APEC其他经济体的出口就增长了将近45%，在2012年上半年又增长了7.5%。我们还有潜力。美国公司迫切希望增加在亚洲的投资。当遇到不公平的规则，或者希望得到有关地方惯例习俗的指点时，他们会到我们国务院来。我们为他们出力

To point to one example, in July, in Siem Reap, Cambodia, we convened the largest-ever U.S.-ASEAN business event. It brought together more than 150 U.S. business leaders, several dozen business leaders from across the region, and three heads of state and more than a dozen government ministers, all with the shared goal of building stronger ties between and among our business communities.

举一个例子。7月份在柬埔寨暹粒，我们举办了一个规模空前的美国-东盟（ASEAN）商务活动，有150多位美国工商领袖、来自这个地区四面八方的几十位工商领袖以及三位国家首脑和十几位政府部长出席，大家的共同目标就是在我们的工商界之间相互建立更强有力的关系。

The business leaders hammered out opportunities for new partnerships, and they also spoke constructively about the obstacles that still stand in the way of greater trade and investment. And the people from various governments listened and left with a better sense of what we have to do to improve the business environment in the Asia-Pacific.

工商领导人商定了建立新的伙伴关系的机会，他们还以建设性的方式谈到了仍然阻碍着增进贸易与投资的种种障碍。来自各国政府的人士听后更好地了解到我们必须采取哪些措施来改善亚太地区的商务环境。

Now, I understand that holding conferences, even such a ground-breaking one, and especially one as well attended as this, will only get us so far. To unleash this region’s full potential, we all need to take concrete steps, especially regarding protectionist policies that distort markets and discriminate against some companies, but not others. We know there remain significant discriminatory procurement rules and local content requirements: So-called tollbooths that force unfair terms on foreign companies just to enter or expand in a market; forced technology transfers and government-abetted piracy of intellectual property; preferential treatment for state-owned or state-supported enterprises. Those are some of the distortions that we continue to see and have to stand against.

但我也知道，举行会议只能给我们有限的助力，哪怕是那样一个开创性的会议、甚至像这样一个有诸多人士参加的会议也不例外。为了释放这个地区的全部潜力，我们都需要采取具体的步骤，特别是针对扭曲市场并且歧视某些公司的非一视同仁的保护主义政策。我们知道仍然存在着极具歧视性的采购规定和当地含量要求：所谓的“收费亭”，对外国公司进入或在市场上扩展施加不公平条件；强制性的技术转让以及得到政府纵容的盗取知识产权的行为；给予国有企业或国家扶持的企业优惠待遇。上述这些是我们不断看到而且必须反对的一些扭曲行为。

Now, these protectionist policies might provide short-term benefit to domestic firms, but they disrupt supply chains, they scare investors, and ultimately, they set back economies and weaken the rules of the road that are designed to benefit everyone.

这些保护主义政策可能能让国内企业短期受益，但它们破坏了供应链，吓走了投资方，最终将导致经济倒退并削弱旨在使人人受益的行路规则。

Now, no country, including my own, has a perfect record on this, but we are committed to building the kind of global economy the 21st century demands. And we’re confident that, if given a fair chance and a level playing field, American companies can compete and succeed everywhere.

任何国家，包括我自己的国家在内，在这个问题上的记录都不是尽善尽美的，但我们致力于建设一种21世纪所需要的全球经济。而且我们坚信，只要能得到公平的机会和平等的竞争环境，美国的公司企业在任何地方都有能力竞争并能取得成功。

To make sure our companies get to compete here in Russia, we are working closely with the United States Congress to terminate the application to Jackson-Vanik to Russia and grant Russian Permanent Normalized Trade Relations. We hope that the Congress will pass on this important piece of legislation this month.

为了确保我们的公司能够在俄罗斯这里参与竞争，我们正在同美国国会密切合作以终止对俄罗斯实行《杰克逊-瓦尼克法修正案》，并给与俄罗斯永久正常贸易关系待遇。我们希望国会能在这个月批准这项重要的立法。

Turning to the second line of action, the United States has made a major push to pursue trade agreements with partners across the Asia-Pacific that open markets and reduce barriers. Our landmark deal with South Korea could increase exports of American goods by more than $10 billion and grow South Korea’s economy by 6 percent. In addition to lowering tariffs, the agreement also includes improvements on intellectual property protection and enforcement, fair labor practices, environmental protection, regulatory due process.

在第二个行动领域，美国一直在大力推动同整个亚太地区的合作伙伴达成贸易协定，以开放市场并减少壁垒。我们同韩国达成的具有里程碑意义的贸易协定将使美国出口商品增加100亿美元以上，使韩国经济增长6%。除降低关税外，这项协定还包括在知识产权的保护和执法、公平的劳工待遇、环境保护以及正当监管程序等方面的种种改进。

That’s also true of the Trans-Pacific Partnership, a new far-reaching regional trade agreement that will bring together at least 11 economies, developed and developing alike, into a single Pacific trading community. It will lower trade barriers while raising standards, creating more and better growth. And this agreement will set a new precedent by covering emerging trade issues such as the competitive impact of state-owned enterprises, the connectivity of regional supply chains, and opportunities for more small- and-medium-sized businesses that are truly the engine of economic growth and employment everywhere.

《跨太平洋伙伴关系》也是如此，这是一项新的影响深远的区域性贸易协定，将使至少11个发达和发展中经济体加入一个太平洋贸易共同体。它将降低贸易壁垒，同时提高标准并创造更多、更好的增长。这项协定还将创下先例，首次将正在出现的贸易问题纳入其中，例如国有公司企业对竞争的影响、区域性供应链的互联互通以及为中小型企业创造机会，因为它们是推动各地的经济增长和就业的真正引擎。