《孝经》英译（士章）

资于事父以事母，而爱同；资于事父以事君，而敬同。故母取其爱，而君取其敬，兼之者父也。故以孝事君则忠，以敬事长则顺。忠顺不失，以事其上，然后能保其禄位，而守其祭祀。盖士之孝也。《诗》云：“夙兴夜寐，无忝尔所生。”<?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" />

Chapter 5

The Lower Officials

The lower officials drawing upon their devotion to their fathers to serve their mothers, the love (ai) they feel toward them is the same; drawing upon their devotion to their fathers to serve their lord, the respect (jing) they feel for them is the same. While to their mothers love is rendered and to their lord respect is shown, it is only in service to their fathers that both love and respect combine.

Hence, service to the lord with family reverence is loyalty (zhong); service to elders with family reverence is compliance (shun). With loyalty and compliance being firmly in place in service to those above, they are able to maintain their tenure in office and to continue their ancestral sacrifices. Such, then, is the family reverence of the lower officials.

The Book of Songs says, “Rise early and retire late to make sure you never disgrace those who gave you life.”(1)

(1) Songs 196. Cf. Legge (1960), p. 335, and Karlgren (1950B), p. 145.