双语:2019全国人民代表大会常务委员会工作报告

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摘要Full Text: Work Report of the NPC Standing Committee

栗战书向十三届全国人大二次会议作《全国人民代表大会常务委员会工作报告》

全国人民代表大会常务委员会工作报告文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/6804.html

Report on the Work of the Standing Committee of the National People’s Congress文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/6804.html

 文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/6804.html

——2019年3月8日在第十三届全国人民代表大会第二次会议上文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/6804.html

– Delivered at the Second Session of the 13th National People’s Congress on March 8, 2019文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/6804.html

 文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/6804.html

全国人民代表大会常务委员会委员长 栗战书文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/6804.html

Li Zhanshu, Chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People’s Congress文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/6804.html

 文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/6804.html

各位代表:文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/6804.html

 

Fellow Deputies,

 

受全国人大常委会委托,我向大会报告工作,请予审议。

 

On behalf of the Standing Committee of the 13th National People’s Congress (NPC), I will now present to you a report on its work for your deliberation.

关于过去一年的主要工作

 

Let me begin with a brief review of our major initiatives over the past year.

 

十三届全国人大及其常委会履职正逢“两个一百年”历史交汇期,使命光荣,责任重大。一年来,常委会认真学习贯彻习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想和党的十九大精神,在以习近平同志为核心的党中央坚强领导下,按照十三届全国人大一次会议的工作部署,依法履职,开拓进取,实现了良好开局。

 

The 13th NPC and its Standing Committee are serving in the historic period in which the timeframes of the two centenary goals converge. We therefore shoulder both a glorious mission and an enormous responsibility. Over the past year, the Standing Committee has earnestly studied and implemented Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era and the guiding principles from the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China (CPC). Under the leadership of the CPC Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core, and in line with plans made at the First Session of the 13th NPC, we have fulfilled our duties in accordance with the law, forged ahead, and got off to a good start.

 

一、深入学习贯彻习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想,确保人大工作正确政治方向

 

I. We studied and implemented Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era to ensure that a correct political orientation was maintained in NPC work.

 

常委会把学习贯彻习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想作为首要政治任务,深刻领会这一思想的科学体系、精神实质、实践要求,用以武装头脑、指导实践、推动工作。组织开展专题学习研讨,召开31个省级人大和有关方面参加的学习交流会,系统学习习近平总书记关于坚持和完善人民代表大会制度的重要思想,进行专题研究,提出学习要求,深化对新时代坚持和完善什么样的人民代表大会制度、怎样坚持和完善人民代表大会制度重大理论和实践课题的认识。各级人大紧密结合实际,深入开展学习,把学习成果转化为做好本职工作、推动事业发展的生动实践。

 

The Standing Committee made studying and implementing Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era the foremost political task, in order to thoroughly understand its scientific system, theoretical substance, and practical requirements and use it to equip our minds, guide our initiatives, and advance our work. In organizing study and discussion of the topic, we held seminars with participants from 31 provincial-level people’s congresses and relevant departments. We systematically studied General Secretary Xi Jinping’s important ideas on upholding and improving the people’s congress system, launching special research and introducing study requirements in order to deepen our understanding of the major theoretical and practical questions of what kind of people’s congress system should be upheld and improved in the new era, and how we should go about upholding and improving this system. Taking local conditions into account, people’s congresses at all levels carried out thorough studies and translated what they learned into action by effectively performing their duties and making progress with their initiatives.

 

围绕学习贯彻党的基本理论、基本路线、基本方略,办好常委会专题讲座,共举办专题学习讲座10讲,重点学习习近平总书记关于宪法、法治、改革开放、创新发展、生态文明建设的重要论述,关于人大立法、监督工作的要求,全面提升常委会履职能力。针对换届后新代表多的实际,加大代表学习培训力度,培训1300余名代表,占新任代表的59%。分别举办省、市、县三级人大常委会负责同志学习班,累计3200人参加,基本实现全覆盖。

 

Centered on studying and implementing the Party’s basic theories, line, and principles, we successfully organized Standing Committee seminars, holding a total of 10 seminars focused on studying General Secretary Xi Jinping’s major remarks on the Constitution, the rule of law, reform and opening-up, innovation-driven development, and ecological advancement, as well as the requirements he set forth for the legislative and oversight work of the NPC, thus making the Standing Committee better able to perform all its duties. With a large number of newly elected deputies, the intensity of deputy training has been stepped up. Over 1,300 deputies participated in training, accounting for 59 percent of the total number of new deputies. We organized separate study sessions for leading members of the standing committees of people’s congresses at the provincial, municipal, and county levels. A total of 3,200 people participated in these sessions, which essentially covered all people’s congresses at these levels.

 

持续深入的理论学习和思想武装,进一步筑牢了维护党中央权威和集中统一领导的思想根基,进一步坚定了走中国特色社会主义政治发展道路的信心和决心,进一步增强了坚持和完善人民代表大会制度的责任感和使命感。

 

Through consistent and in-depth theoretical study and strengthening of our minds, we have reinforced the conceptual foundations for upholding the authority and centralized, unified leadership of the CPC Central Committee, bolstered our confidence and determination in following the socialist path of political advancement with Chinese characteristics, and heightened our sense of responsibility and mission with regard to upholding and improving the people’s congress system.

 

二、全面学习宣传贯彻新修改的宪法,推动宪法实施迈出新步伐

 

II. We studied, publicized, and implemented the newly revised Constitution to generate new momentum for putting it into practice.

 

依法执政,依宪执政,是中国共产党的鲜明主张。坚持依法治国首先要坚持依宪治国,坚持依法执政首先要坚持依宪执政。党的十八大以来,党中央把实施宪法摆在全面依法治国的突出位置,习近平总书记多次就贯彻实施好宪法发表重要讲话,3次对开展好国家宪法日活动作出重要批示,带头进行宪法宣誓,有力推动全社会自觉尊崇宪法、学习宪法、遵守宪法、维护宪法、运用宪法。

 

The CPC stands for the lawful and constitutional use of power. Upholding law-based governance and the lawful use of power begins with the Constitution. Since the 18th National Congress of the CPC, the Party Central Committee has featured enforcement of the Constitution prominently in the efforts to comprehensively advance the rule of law. General Secretary Xi Jinping made numerous important remarks on effective enforcement of the Constitution, and on three occasions put forward important instructions on carrying out activities for National Constitution Day. He also took the lead in performing the pledge of allegiance to the Constitution. These acts vigorously promoted the practices of consciously honoring, studying, observing, upholding, and applying the Constitution throughout society.

 

在党中央领导下,十三届全国人大一次会议完成了宪法修改的崇高任务,确立习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想在国家政治和社会生活中的指导地位,充实坚持和加强中国共产党全面领导的内容,完善宪法确立的国家根本任务、奋斗目标和国家领导体制,确立国家监察制度,夯实了国家长治久安的制度根基。常委会按照党中央部署,把全面学习宣传和贯彻实施新修改的宪法作为重大政治任务来抓,突出对修改宪法重大意义和主要修改内容的学习宣传,召开深入学习宣传和贯彻实施宪法座谈会,举办第五个国家宪法日座谈会,组织专题记者会,举办宣讲报告会,撰写理论文章,推动各地各部门开展形式多样的宪法宣传教育活动,弘扬宪法精神,树立宪法权威,增强宪法意识,使宪法精神深入人心,得到人民的真诚信仰和拥护。

 

Under the leadership of the CPC Central Committee, the lofty task of revising the Constitution was completed at the First Session of the 13th NPC. With this revision, we confirmed the guiding position of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era in China’s political and social activities, enriched provisions for upholding and strengthening the overall leadership of the CPC, refined the country’s fundamental tasks, objectives, and national leadership system enshrined in the Constitution, and established the national supervision system, thereby consolidating the institutional foundation for ensuring that our country enjoys lasting stability. In accordance with the arrangements of the Party Central Committee, the Standing Committee made studying, publicizing, implementing, and enforcing the Constitution a major political task, with particular emphasis placed on studying and informing people about the great significance and major content of the revision of the Constitution. With this task in mind, we organized seminars on thoroughly studying, publicizing, implementing, and enforcing the Constitution, arranged a symposium for the fifth National Constitution Day, set up special press conferences, and held meetings for giving lectures and reports. We also wrote theoretical articles, and encouraged all localities and departments to launch various types of activities for publicizing the Constitution and educating people about it. By doing so, we promoted the constitutional spirit, established the authority of the Constitution, and raised awareness of the Constitution, helping the spirit of the Constitution take root in the hearts of the people and win their sincere faith and support.

 

常委会带头贯彻宪法并强化对宪法实施的监督。按照新修改的宪法,对调整设立的宪法和法律委员会职责作出决定,增加宪法实施和监督、宪法解释等工作职责,加强了宪法实施的工作力量和组织保障。坚持有件必备、有备必审、有错必纠,加强合宪性审查,保证宪法确立的制度、原则、规则得到全面实施。认真审查报送备案的行政法规40件、地方性法规1180件、司法解释18件,认真研究公民、组织提出的审查建议1229件,督促有关方面依法撤销和纠正与宪法法律相抵触的规范性文件。认真组织宪法宣誓,增强国家工作人员宪法意识,带头做宪法的忠实崇尚者、自觉遵守者、坚定捍卫者。

 

The Standing Committee took the lead in implementing the Constitution, and also strengthened oversight over its enforcement. In accordance with the newly revised Constitution, we decided upon the duties of the Constitution and Law Committee, which was newly established through institutional adjustment, and endowed it with additional responsibilities for ensuring and overseeing enforcement of the Constitution and interpreting the Constitution, thus providing enforcement of the Constitution with a stronger organizational backing. We have ensured that all normative documents are kept on record, that all documents on record are reviewed, and that all errors discovered in these documents are rectified. We have enhanced the inspection of constitutional compliance to ensure that all systems, principles, and rules enshrined in the Constitution are fully implemented. We reviewed 40 administrative regulations, 1,180 local statutes, and 18 judicial interpretations submitted for the record, examined 1,229 suggestions on our review work from citizens and organizations, and urged relevant parties to rescind or correct normative documents that conflicted with the Constitution or the law. By putting diligent effort into organizing pledges of allegiance to the Constitution, we boosted awareness of the Constitution among civil servants, so that they took the lead in becoming loyal supporters, conscious observers, and stalwart defenders of the Constitution.

 

一年来,学习宣传和贯彻实施宪法迈出了新步伐,宪法的法律地位、法律权威、法律效力得到彰显,全社会更加深刻认识到,我国宪法充分体现人民共同意志、充分保障人民权利、充分维护人民根本利益,必将在决胜全面建成小康社会、全面建设社会主义现代化国家的伟大实践中更好发挥根本法治保障作用。

 

Over the past year, we have made new progress in studying, publicizing, implementing, and enforcing the Constitution, thereby demonstrating its legal standing, authority, and efficacy. Throughout society, there is deeper awareness that the Constitution fully reflects the people’s common will, guarantees their rights, and safeguards their fundamental interests. The Constitution will surely exert a greater role as a fundamental legal guarantee for our efforts to secure a decisive victory in building a moderately prosperous society in all respects and to fully develop a modern socialist China.

三、加强和改进新时代立法工作,为改革发展稳定提供法治保障

 

III. We strengthened and improved legislative work in the new era to provide legal guarantees for reform, opening-up, and stability.

 

常委会坚持改革与法治相统一,认真编制立法规划,召开常委会立法工作会议和地方立法工作座谈会,及时部署立法工作。制定法律8件,修改法律47件次,通过有关法律问题和重大问题的决定9件。这些立法项目主要是三类:一是围绕党和国家工作大局,通过立法推动和保障重大决策部署的落实;二是围绕全面深化改革,通过立法、修法确保重大改革于法有据;三是围绕加快建设社会主义法治体系和社会主义法治国家,完成好重点领域立法任务。

 

Upholding integration between reform and the rule of law, the Standing Committee drew up its legislative program, held meetings on its legislative work and forums on local legislation, and made timely arrangements for legislative work. We formulated 8 laws, revised 47 laws, and adopted 9 decisions on legal issues and other major issues. These legislative items fell into three main categories according to their functions: first, promoting and ensuring the implementation of major decisions and arrangements through legislation with a focus on the overall work of the Party and the state; second, guaranteeing that major reforms have a legal basis through enacting and revising laws with a focus on comprehensively deepening reform; and third, bringing legislative tasks in key areas to a successful conclusion with a focus on accelerating efforts to establish a socialist rule of law system and build China into a socialist country governed by the rule of law.

 

2018年是改革开放40周年。改革开放40年的经验告诉我们,做好改革发展稳定各项工作离不开法治,改革开放越深入越要强调法治。常委会围绕在新的历史起点上推进改革开放和社会主义现代化建设,着眼于完善社会主义市场经济法律制度,加快了经济领域立法,对多部法律作出修改,及时解决法律规定与实践发展不相适应的问题。法治是最好的营商环境。本次会议审议的外商投资法草案,全面反映我国改革开放的新理念新思路新举措,对于新时代推动形成我国新一轮高水平对外开放新格局具有重要促进和保障作用。常委会已两次审议草案,相信经过全体代表的共同努力,一定能够圆满完成这项重大立法任务。我国电子商务交易市场规模全球第一,就业人员数千万,涉及亿万消费者。电子商务法的制定,对于促进电子商务健康发展、维护消费者合法权益和市场公平意义重大。社会各界普遍认为,这是一部支持、规范、创新和保障电子商务健康发展的促进法,是一部广大消费者、平台经营者、线上经营者合法权益的维护法,是一部市场秩序和公平竞争的保障法。农村土地承包法的修改,深化了农村土地制度改革,从法律上稳定和完善了农村土地承包关系,给广大土地承包者和经营者吃下了“定心丸”,对促进农业农村发展具有重要意义。常委会还制定了耕地占用税法、车辆购置税法,修改了公司法、民用航空法、电力法、港口法、企业所得税法等,促进了这些领域的改革发展。

 

The year 2018 marks the 40th anniversary of reform and opening-up. Our experience over these four decades has shown us that the rule of law is integral if we are to effectively perform our work in promoting reform, development, and stability, and that even greater emphasis must be placed on the rule of law as reform and opening-up pushes deeper. With a view to advancing reform, opening-up, and socialist modernization from this new historical starting point, the Standing Committee accelerated legislation in the economic sector for the purpose of refining the legal system for the socialist market economy. We revised numerous laws so as to promptly resolve the problem of legal provisions not matching up with the practical needs of development. A law-based environment is the best environment for doing business. The draft foreign investment law which we will deliberate at this session is a full reflection of new ideas, approaches, and measures in reform and opening-up, and will play an important role in lifting China toward a new stage of high-level opening-up in the new era. The Standing Committee has already reviewed the draft twice, and we are confident that through the joint effort of all deputies, we will be able to bring this major legislative task to a successful conclusion. China’s E-commerce market is the largest in the world, employing tens of millions of people and involving hundreds of millions of consumers. Enactment of the E-commerce Law represents an extremely important move for promoting the sound development of E-commerce, as well as protecting the legitimate rights and interests of consumers and ensuring fairness in this market. The consensus throughout all sectors of society is that this law will promote the healthy development of E-commerce by providing support, standards, innovative ideas, and guarantees, that it will protect the legitimate rights and interests of consumers, operators of E-commerce platforms, and people who run online businesses, and that it will ensure fair competition and order in the market. Meanwhile, revision of the Law on the Contracting of Rural Land has offered reassurance to contractors and operators of rural land and played a significant role in promoting agricultural and rural development by deepening reform of the rural land system and stabilizing and improving rural land contract relations through legal means. In addition, the Standing Committee formulated the Tax Law on Farmland Used for Nonagricultural Purposes and the Vehicle Purchase Tax Law, and revised the Company Law, the Civil Aviation Law, the Electric Power Law, the Port Law, and the Law on Corporate Income Tax, thereby facilitating reform and development in these areas.

 

贯彻党的十九大和十九届三中全会精神,根据十三届全国人大一次会议批准的机构改革方案,常委会通过修改法律、作出决定,健全国家机构组织法律制度。就国务院机构改革涉及法律规定的行政机关职责调整问题作出决定,统筹修改机构改革涉及的国境卫生检疫法等32部法律的316个条款,作出中国海警局行使海上维权执法职权的决定,制定消防救援衔条例,及时跟进机构改革对法律调整提出的要求,为机构改革顺利实施提供了法律保障,保证了改革有序承接,工作连续稳定。修订公务员法,把职务与职级并行的改革实践写进法律,加快推进公务员分类体制改革。修改人民法院组织法、人民检察院组织法、刑事诉讼法,制定人民陪审员法、国际刑事司法协助法,作出关于设立上海金融法院、专利等知识产权案件诉讼程序若干问题的决定,巩固和深化司法体制改革成果。修改村民委员会组织法、城市居民委员会组织法,完善了基层治理体系。

 

Implementing the principles from the 19th National Congress of the Party and the Third Plenary Session of the 19th Party Central Committee, the Standing Committee revised laws and produced decisions to improve the laws for state institutions and organizations in accordance with the plan for deepening institutional reform approved at the First Session of the 13th NPC. We made a decision on adjusting the duties of administrative bodies in institutional reform of the State Council, an issue which touched upon legal provisions, and coordinated the revision of 316 articles of 32 laws involved in institutional reform, such as the Frontier Health and Quarantine Law. We also made a decision on the exercise of powers by the China Coast Guard to protect maritime rights and enforce maritime law, and formulated the Regulations on Firefighter Ranks. By doing so, we responded promptly to demands put forward through institutional reform for adjustment of the law, thus providing legal guarantees for the smooth implementation of institutional reform, and ensuring the orderly linkage of reforms and steady continuation of relevant work. We revised the Civil Service Law, incorporated our practice in reforms concerning a salary system for public servants based on both position and rank into the law, and accelerated reform of the civil servant classification system. We revised the Organic Law of the People’s Courts, the Organic Law of the People’s Procuratorates, and the Criminal Procedure Law, formulated the People’s Juror Law and the Law on International Judicial Assistance in Criminal Matters, and put forward decisions on the establishment of the Shanghai Financial Court and on several issues regarding litigation procedures for cases involving patents and other intellectual property rights. These steps consolidated and furthered our achievements in reform of the judicial system. We also revised the Organic Law of Villagers’ Committees and the Organic Law of Urban Residents’ Committees, thus improving primary-level governance systems.

 

常委会贯彻以人民为中心的思想,加快了社会建设、保障改善民生领域的立法,用法治保障人民权益、增进民生福祉,运用法治方式推动解决老百姓最关心、最期盼的问题。编纂民法典是党的十八届四中全会提出的重大立法任务,常委会在过去工作的基础上,加快进度,形成6编共1034条的民法典各分编草案,并进行了整体审议,分单元审议了合同编、侵权责任编草案,朝着2020年完成民法典编纂任务目标迈出了坚实步伐。修改个人所得税法,推进税制改革,优化税负结构,目前已有约8000万人的工薪所得依法免缴个人所得税。修改社会保险法,将生育保险和职工基本医疗保险合并实施在全国推开。医疗卫生领域立法,关系人民群众根本利益。常委会已两次审议基本医疗卫生与健康促进法草案。针对长春长生公司疫苗案所暴露的问题,常委会高度重视用法律保护群众切身利益,加快疫苗管理专门立法,对疫苗管理法草案进行了初审,通过建立覆盖研制、生产、流通、预防接种全过程全链条的疫苗监管法律制度,切实保障人民群众生命健康安全。

 

Putting a people-centered approach into practice, the Standing Committee expedited legislation in the fields of social development and ensuring and improving living standards so as to safeguard the people’s rights and interests and enhance public wellbeing through the rule of law, and advance the settlement of issues of greatest concern to the people through legal means. Compiling the civil code is a major legislative task that was put forward at the Fourth Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee. Building on our previous work, the Standing Committee sped up its efforts and drafted the individual books of the civil code, which consists of 1,034 articles in 6 books. We conducted an overall review as well as individual reviews of the draft books on contracts and torts, making solid progress toward the goal of completing the compilation of the civil code by 2020. We revised the Personal Income Tax Law, advanced reform of the taxation system, and improved the tax structure, with about 80 million people already exempted from paying taxes on their salary in accordance with the law. We revised the Social Insurance Law, and implemented the integration of maternity insurance and basic medical insurance for urban workers nationwide. Legislation in the medical and health care sector has a direct bearing on the fundamental interests of the general public. The Standing Committee has already conducted two reviews of the draft law on promoting basic medical and health care. Responding to the problems exposed in the Changsheng vaccine case, the Standing Committee put great emphasis on protecting the people’s immediate interests through legal means, and expedited dedicated legislation on vaccine management, with preliminary review of the draft law on vaccine management already completed. Through the establishment of a legal system for vaccine oversight and control covering all stages of the process from R&D and production to distribution and inoculation, we devoted concrete efforts to protecting the lives and health of the public.

 

加快生态文明建设立法步伐,制定土壤污染防治法,修改环境影响评价法、环境噪声污染防治法等,完善严格保护生态环境的法律制度。土壤污染防治法为推进净土保卫战提供有力法治保障,与大气污染防治法、水污染防治法一起,构建起“三位一体”、立体管控的生态环保法治网。

 

Stepping up our efforts to build an ecological civilization, we formulated the Law on the Prevention and Control of Soil Pollution, and revised laws including the Environmental Impact Assessment Law and the Law on the Prevention and Control of Environmental Noise Pollution, in an effort to improve the system of laws for strict environmental protection. The Law on the Prevention and Control of Soil Pollution provides strong legal guarantees for the campaign to clean up and preserve our soil. Together with the Law on the Prevention and Control of Air Pollution and the Law on the Prevention and Control of Water Pollution, it is part of a three-in-one legal network for protecting the environment through multidimensional controls.

 

常委会把维护国家安全放在立法工作的重要位置,制定英雄烈士保护法,修改反恐怖主义法、国家情报法,推动社会主义核心价值观融入立法。英雄烈士保护法的制定和实施,促进了英雄烈士事迹和爱国主义精神的传承弘扬,有力抵制了历史虚无主义,为打击各类歪曲、丑化、亵渎、诋毁英雄烈士的行为,维护国家安全特别是意识形态安全提供了法律保障,在社会各界产生积极反响。一部英烈保护法,公理正义得伸张!

 

The Standing Committee gave priority to safeguarding national security in legislative work. We formulated the Law on the Protection of Heroes and Martyrs, and revised the Anti-Terrorism Law and the National Intelligence Law, promoting the incorporation of core socialist values into legislation. By formulating and enacting the Law on the Protection of Heroes and Martyrs, we have encouraged people to carry forward the great deeds of heroes and martyrs and the spirit of patriotism, strongly opposed historical nihilism, and provided legal guarantees for fighting against acts that would smear and slander heroes and martyrs or distort and desecrate their legacy, and for safeguarding national security and ideological security in particular. This has been met with a positive response from all sectors of society. The formulation of the Law on the Protection of Heroes and Martyrs shows that justice and reason must prevail.

 

四、依法履行人大监督职责,更好助力经济社会发展和改革攻坚任务

 

IV. We fulfilled our oversight duties in accordance with the law to better promote economic and social development and aid the advancement of reform tasks.

 

坚持依照法定职责、限于法定范围、遵守法定程序开展监督工作,在做好经常性法定监督的同时,突出了深化供给侧结构性改革、助力三大攻坚战、司法民生领域热点问题、预算和国有资产监督等重点。一年来,听取审议国务院、最高人民法院、最高人民检察院工作报告24个,检查6部法律实施情况,进行3次专题询问,开展5项专题调研,努力做到既确保宪法法律有效实施,又确实帮助“一府一委两院”改进工作。

 

We exercised oversight in strict accordance with legally prescribed duties, statutory limits of authority, and procedures defined in law. While effectively exercising regular statutory oversight, we focused on deepening supply-side structural reform, aiding the three critical battles against potential risk, poverty, and pollution, resolving hotspot judicial issues pertaining to public wellbeing, and overseeing government budgets and state-owned assets. Over the past year, we heard and deliberated 24 work reports from the State Council, the Supreme People’s Court, and the Supreme People’s Procuratorate, inspected the enforcement of 6 laws, and conducted 3 special inquiries and 5 research projects on specific topics. Through these activities, we strived to guarantee effective enforcement of the Constitution and the law while helping the State Council, the National Commission of Supervision, the Supreme People’s Court, and the Supreme People’s Procuratorate improve their work in tangible ways.

 

常委会听取审议了计划、预算、决算、审计、环保等工作报告,听取审议了科技、农业、教育、医疗卫生、海洋经济、华侨权益等专项工作报告。党中央出台《关于建立国务院向全国人大常委会报告国有资产管理情况制度的意见》和《关于人大预算审查监督重点向支出预算和政策拓展的指导意见》,赋予了人大监督新职责。常委会贯彻文件精神,开展专题调研,首次审议国务院关于国有资产管理情况的年度综合报告和金融企业国有资产的专项报告,为管好用好国有资产加上一道“安全门”。现在,全国31个省级人大常委会均已建立国有资产管理情况报告制度。确定有专业背景的153名全国人大代表参加预算审查,发挥预算联网监督系统在预算全过程监管中的作用,推动预算审查监督重点向支出预算和政策拓展。

 

The Standing Committee heard and deliberated work reports on national plans, budgets, final accounts, audits, and environmental protection measures, as well as on special topics such as science and technology, agriculture, education, medical and health care, the marine economy, and the rights and interests of overseas Chinese. The Party Central Committee issued the Opinions on Establishing the System for State Council Reporting to the NPC Standing Committee on the Management of State-owned Assets and the Guidelines on People’s Congresses Expanding the Focus of Their Budget Review and Oversight to Cover Expenditure Budgets and Policy, entrusting new oversight duties to people’s congresses. The Standing Committee implemented the guiding principles of these documents, carried out research projects on specific topics, and for the first time deliberated the State Council’s annual general report on the management of state-owned assets and its special report on the state-owned assets of financial enterprises, thereby adding another level of guarantee to ensure that state-owned assets are used and managed properly. At present, the standing committees of all 31 provincial-level people’s congresses have established systems for reporting on the management of state-owned assets. We designated 153 NPC deputies with relevant expertise to participate in budget review, exerted the role of the online budget oversight system in monitoring the entire budgeting process, and worked to expand the focus of budget review and oversight to cover expenditure budgets and policy.

 

常委会对大气污染防治法、海洋环境保护法、传染病防治法、防震减灾法、农产品质量安全法、统计法等6部法律的实施情况进行检查,既发现工作中的问题,又查找法律、法规自身缺陷和不足,保证法律的正确实施。常委会专门加开一次会议,听取审议大气污染防治法执法检查报告,作出关于全面加强生态环境保护、依法推动打好污染防治攻坚战的决议,对执法检查中发现的涉及22家企业的38个问题点名曝光,助力大气污染防治攻坚战深入推进。全国31个省级人大常委会都完成了大气污染防治法规的制定和修改工作,各地各部门全面清理生态环保方面的规范性文件,地方人大常委会修改514件、废止83件地方性法规。在海洋环境保护法执法检查中,重点监督11个沿海省份的入海排污口设置和管理、陆源污染防治等突出问题。用法律的武器治理环境污染,用法治的力量保卫碧海蓝天,受到了社会的肯定和支持。

 

The Standing Committee inspected enforcement of six laws, including the Law on the Prevention and Control of Air Pollution, the Marine Environment Protection Law, the Law on the Prevention and Control of Infectious Diseases, the Law on Protecting against and Mitigating Earthquake Disasters, the Law on the Quality and Safety of Agricultural Products, and the Statistics Law. In the process, we identified not only work-related problems, but also defects and shortcomings within laws and regulations, thereby ensuring proper enforcement of the law. The Standing Committee held an additional meeting to hear and deliberate the enforcement inspection report for the Law on the Prevention and Control of Air Pollution, put forward a resolution on strengthening environmental protection across the board and advancing the fight to prevent and control pollution in accordance with the law, and released the names of 22 enterprises in which 38 problems were discovered through enforcement inspections, thus helping to drive the critical battle against air pollution deeper. The standing committees of all 31 provincial-level people’s congresses have completed the formulation and revision of regulations on air pollution prevention and control, all localities and departments have carried out comprehensive review of their normative documents concerning environmental protection, and standing committees of local-level people’s congresses have revised 514 and abolished 83 relevant local regulations. In our inspections of enforcement of the Marine Environment Protection Law, we focused on prominent issues in 11 coastal provinces, such as the placement and management of points where pollutants are discharged into the sea, as well as the prevention and control of pollution from land-based sources. We controlled pollution through legal measures, and defended the blue of our seas and skies through the force of the law, thus winning the approval and support of the public.

 

常委会还开展了关于“七五”普法、民族教育、脱贫攻坚、乡村振兴、地方政府债务等方面的专题调研,推动解决经济社会发展的重点难点问题。

 

The Standing Committee also carried out research projects on specific topics, such as the seventh five-year plan for increasing public knowledge of the law, ethnic minority education, poverty alleviation, rural vitalization, and local government debt in order to promote the resolution of major challenges in economic and social development.

 

常委会结合审议大气污染防治法执法检查报告,人民法院解决“执行难”工作情况的报告、人民检察院加强对民事诉讼和执行活动法律监督工作情况的报告,财政医疗卫生资金分配和使用情况的报告,组织开展了3次专题询问。国务院、最高人民法院、最高人民检察院有关负责同志就相关领域人民群众普遍关心的问题现场回答常委会组成人员、全国人大代表的询问。对“两高”工作的专题询问,这在开展专题询问以来是第一次。

 

The Standing Committee organized and conducted three special inquiries for deliberation on reports regarding enforcement inspection of the Law on the Prevention and Control of Air Pollution, the work of people’s courts to ensure enforcement of rulings, the work of people’s procuratorates to strengthen legal oversight on civil litigation and the execution of judgments, and the allocation and use of government funds for medical and health care. Relevant leading officials from the State Council, the Supreme People’s Court, and the Supreme People’s Procuratorate responded in person to inquiries from members of the Standing Committee and NPC deputies regarding issues in related fields that are the subject of widespread public concern. This was the first time that the Standing Committee conducted a special inquiry on the work of the Supreme People’s Court and the Supreme People’s Procuratorate.

五、拓展联系代表的渠道,支持和保障代表依法履职

 

V. We expanded channels for contact with deputies to support and ensure the law-based performance of their duties.

 

加强常委会与人大代表、人大代表与人民群众的联系,了解人民所思所盼所愿,才能把为人民用权、为人民履职、为人民服务落到实处。

 

Only by strengthening contact between the Standing Committee and NPC deputies and between NPC deputies and the general public and understanding the people’s thoughts, expectations, and wishes can we truly exercise power and perform our duties in the service of the people.

 

规范直接联系代表的制度,常委会组成人员直接联系440名代表,形成了连接民意、听取意见的“直通车”。常委会会议期间,召开了4次列席代表座谈会,186名全国人大代表参加会议,提出的意见建议都由有关部门认真研究落实。扩大代表对常委会和专门委员会工作的参与,邀请代表列席常委会会议、参加执法检查和调研活动。委员长会议组成人员的调研活动,原则上邀请人大代表参加。组织1850名代表参加专题调研、开展集中视察,组织港澳台代表赴广东、重庆、浙江、陕西、海南、青海视察调研,推动代表更多地深入基层、了解实际、联系群众。按照便于组织和开展活动的原则,本届全国人大代表分为272个小组,开展了丰富的履职活动。

 

Through standardization of the system for direct contact with deputies, members of the Standing Committee were able to contact 440 deputies directly. By doing so, we created an express lane for reaching out to the people and soliciting their opinions. During Standing Committee meetings, we held 4 discussions with invited deputies in which 186 NPC deputies participated and submitted suggestions and proposals, with relevant departments working diligently to study and implement them. We expanded the involvement of deputies in the work of the Standing Committee and special committees, inviting them to attend Standing Committee meetings and participate in law enforcement inspections and research projects. In principle, NPC deputies were invited to participate in research projects carried out by members of the Chairperson’s Council of the Standing Committee. We organized research projects and inspection tours for 1,850 deputies, including visits of the Hong Kong, Macao, and Taiwan delegations to Guangdong, Chongqing, Zhejiang, Shaanxi, Hainan, and Qinghai, in order to encourage deputies to engage with local communities, understand the situation on the ground, and get in touch with members of the public more frequently. For the convenience of organizing and carrying out such activities, deputies to this NPC were divided into 272 groups, and engaged in a wide range of activities to perform their duties.

 

坚持把代表议案、建议作为确定立法监督项目、起草法律草案、推动改进工作的重要依据。十三届全国人大一次会议主席团交付有关专门委员会审议的325件代表议案已全部审议完毕。其中,19件议案涉及的9个立法项目已经常委会审议通过,22件议案涉及的4个立法项目已提请审议,143件议案涉及的60个立法项目已列入立法规划或年度立法计划。健全代表建议办理工作机制,代表提出的7139件建议、批评和意见全部办理完毕,所提问题得到解决或正在解决的占76%。确定的20项重点督办事项共涉及192件具体建议,交由36家承办单位重点办理,有关专门委员会加强督办,有力推动了相关工作。

 

We continued to make the proposals and suggestions of deputies an important basis for setting tasks in legislation and oversight, drafting laws, and promoting improvement of our work. Relevant special committees completed their examination of all 325 proposals referred to them by the Presidium of the First Session of the 13th NPC. Among these, 9 legislative items addressed in 19 of the proposals have already been reviewed and adopted by the Standing Committee, 4 legislative items addressed in 22 of the proposals have been submitted for review, and 60 legislative items addressed in 143 of the proposals have been included in our five-year legislative program or annual legislative plan. We improved mechanisms for handling deputies’ suggestions, with all 7,139 suggestions, criticisms, and comments submitted by deputies already handled, and 76 percent of the problems raised therein either already resolved or currently being addressed. A total of 20 key suggestions drawn from 192 specific suggestions were referred to 36 departments for implementation under the strict oversight of relevant special committees, with vigorous advancement of related work.

 

全国人大代表作为全国人民代表大会的组成人员,代表人民的利益和意志,履行宪法法律赋予的职责。常委会高度重视代表履职能力和作风建设,支持原选举单位依法加强代表履职监督,推进代表履职档案建设,提升代表参与管理国家事务、管理经济和文化事业、管理社会事务的能力。

 

As members of the NPC, NPC deputies represent the interests and will of the people, and perform the duties entrusted to them in the Constitution and the law. The Standing Committee attached great importance to improving deputies’ conduct and building their capacity for duty performance, supported electoral bodies in strengthening supervision over the duty performance of their deputies in accordance with the law, and promoted the establishment of records on deputies’ duty performance, with a view to improving deputies’ abilities to engage in the management of state, economic, cultural, and social affairs.

 

六、服务国家外交大局,做好人大对外交往工作

 

VI. We acted in the service of China’s overall diplomatic work to effectively carry out our work on international exchanges.

 

人大对外交往是国家总体外交的组成部分。一年来,共派出71个团组660人次,访问46个国家;接待58个团组730人次,来自34个国家和2个多边议会组织。通过立法机构间的交流合作,有效服务国家战略、维护国家利益。

 

The NPC’s work on international exchanges is a component of China’s overall diplomacy. Over the past year, we sent 71 delegations with a total of 660 people on visits to 46 countries, and received 58 delegations with a total of 730 people from 34 countries and 2 multilateral parliamentary organizations. We thus used exchange and cooperation between legislative bodies to effectively serve national strategies and safeguard national interests.

 

认真贯彻党中央外交方针,巩固和深化与主要国家议会交往,保持同俄罗斯、美国、法国、日本等国议会和欧洲议会的交往,举办中国全国人大同俄罗斯议会合作委员会第4次会议。加强同周边国家、非洲国家议会的交往,举办面向发展中国家的议员研讨班,增进同“一带一路”沿线国家议会友好合作。积极参加多边议会组织会议,务实引导上海合作组织议长会晤、金砖国家议会论坛等新兴多边机制发展,在各国议会联盟、二十国集团议长会议中发挥建设性作用,中方提出的构建人类命运共同体、共建“一带一路”、维护多边主义等主张得到普遍认同。对个别国家议会涉我消极议案、错误言行,阐明原则立场,发出人大声音。

 

Earnestly implementing the foreign policies of the Party Central Committee, we consolidated and deepened exchanges with the parliamentary bodies of major countries by keeping in contact with the national parliamentary bodies of Russia, the United States, France, and Japan as well as with the European Parliament, and by holding the fourth meeting of the committee for cooperation between China’s NPC and the Russian parliament. We strengthened exchanges with the parliamentary bodies of neighboring countries and African countries, held a seminar for members of parliament from developing countries, and enhanced friendly cooperation with the parliamentary bodies of countries along the Belt and Road. We actively participated in meetings of multilateral parliamentary organizations, made concrete efforts to guide the development of emerging multilateral mechanisms such as the speakers’ meeting of the member states of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization and the BRICS Parliamentary Forum, and played a constructive role in the Inter-Parliamentary Union and the Parliamentary Speakers’ Summit at the G20. China’s proposals to build a human community with a shared future, to jointly develop the Belt and Road, and to uphold multilateralism have won widespread recognition. We also clarified our principles and stance to give an NPC voice in response to negative proposals, erroneous statements, and improper actions by some countries’ parliaments.

 

在对外交往中,积极推动落实习近平主席和外国领导人达成的重要共识,为国家之间的合作交流提供法律支撑。坚守中国特色社会主义政治发展道路,宣介人民代表大会制度优势和特点,增进国际社会对中国发展道路、发展模式、治国理念的理解和认同。

 

In our international exchanges, we actively promoted implementation of important consensus reached between President Xi Jinping and foreign leaders to provide legal support for our cooperation and exchange efforts with other countries. With a firm commitment to the socialist path of political advancement with Chinese characteristics, we informed our counterparts about the advantages and qualities of the people’s congress system to boost the international community’s understanding and recognition of China’s path and model of development as well as our philosophy of governance. 

七、全面加强常委会自身建设,不断提升依法履职能力和水平

 

VII. We fully enhanced self-improvement of the Standing Committee in a continued effort to raise our capacity and standards for law-based duty performance.

 

常委会加强了政治建设和思想建设,重点是进一步加深对坚持党的领导、人民当家作主、依法治国有机统一的认识和把握。同时,还抓了制度建设、能力建设、作风建设,履职意识和履职能力显著增强。

 

The Standing Committee stepped up efforts to improve its political and theoretical competence, with a focus on increasing awareness and understanding of the importance of upholding the unity between the leadership of the Party, the position of the people as masters of the country, and law-based governance. Meanwhile, we also strengthened efforts to improve our systems, capacity, and conduct, thereby significantly boosting our sense of duty and ability to perform our duties.

 

以落实议事规则为重点加强制度建设。严格遵守常委会会议召开的法定程序,根据会议需要邀请列席人员,合理安排分组审议和联组审议,每一次常委会会议都圆满完成了既定议程。规范议案提出和审议的工作制度,明确发挥人大及其常委会在立法工作中主导作用的具体内容。严格落实常委会会议听取审议工作报告制度。完善执法检查选题、组织、报告、审议、整改、反馈“全链条”工作流程。推进专题询问主体、形式、内容、程序、答复的规范化、制度化,增强后续监督工作的实效性。

 

We improved our systems with a focus on applying procedural rules. We acted in strict compliance with legally prescribed procedures for the convening of Standing Committee meetings, invited guests to attend these meetings on the basis of necessity, arranged group and panel deliberations in a reasonable manner, and covered all items set on the agenda at every Standing Committee meeting. We standardized systems for the submission and deliberation of proposals, and defined explicit means through which people’s congresses and their standing committees exert their guiding roles in legislative work. We strictly applied the system through which work reports are heard and deliberated at Standing Committee meetings. We improved the work procedure covering the entire process of law enforcement inspections, which includes topic selection, organization, reporting, deliberation, rectification, and feedback. We worked to make special inquiries more standardized and systematic in terms of their participants, forms, content, procedures, and responses, and rendered follow-up oversight more effective.

 

加强能力建设,增强学习本领,注重经济、政治、文化、社会、生态文明和党的建设理论与实践知识水平的全面提升。不断增强贯彻民主集中制的自觉性,既保障常委会组成人员的民主权利,又引导大家依法行使民主权利,切实维护国家和人民的根本利益、长远利益、整体利益。

 

We improved our capacity so that we became more adept at learning, and focused on comprehensively enhancing our theoretical and practical knowledge related to economics, politics, culture, society, ecological advancement, and Party building. Continuing to implement democratic centralism in a more purposeful manner, we not only guaranteed the democratic rights of Standing Committee members, but also offered guidance on the lawful exercise of these rights, in an effort to truly safeguard the fundamental, long-term, and overall interests of the country and the people.

 

加强作风建设,全面贯彻中央八项规定及其实施细则精神。把调查研究作为履职基本功,常委会、专门委员会开展260多次调查研究,推动人大工作更好体现实践发展和人民要求。认真对待人民来访来信,提高信访工作的规范化、制度化水平。下大力气改进会风,严肃会议纪律,严格请假制度,常委会会议出席率保持在98%以上。改进人大新闻舆论工作,突出宣传贯彻实施宪法和改革开放40年人民代表大会制度发展历程。

 

We improved our conduct by fully implementing the central Party leadership’s eight-point decision on conduct and the rules for its implementation. Considering research to be a basic skill for the performance of our duties, the Standing Committee and special committees carried out more than 260 research projects to make NPC work better conform to practical developments and public demands. We took public complaints lodged either by mail or in person seriously, and made relevant work more systematic and standardized. We put great effort into improving the organization of meetings by imposing strict discipline within meetings and enforcing rigid procedures for requesting leaves of absence, thus keeping the attendance rate of Standing Committee meetings above 98 percent. We improved our work on media and public communications, laying emphasis on publicizing the implementation of the Constitution and the course of development of the people’s congress system over the past 40 years of reform and opening-up.

 

加强专门委员会工作和建设,召开专门委员会负责同志会议。专门委员会尽职尽责,发挥自身特点和优势,在立法、监督、代表、对外交往等方面做了大量富有成效的工作。加强常委会各工作机构建设,充分发挥其服务、协调、保障作用。

 

We enhanced the work and development of special committees by convening meetings of their leading officials. The special committees fulfilled their duties and exhibited their qualities and strengths as they performed a great amount of effective work related to legislation, oversight, deputies, and international exchanges. We intensified the development of each of the Standing Committee’s working bodies to give full play to their role in offering services, coordinating initiatives, and providing guarantees.

 

加强与地方人大的联系,密切工作协同,增强人大工作整体实效,共同提高人大工作水平。

 

We strengthened contacts with local people’s congresses, worked in closer coordination with them, and made the work of people’s congresses more substantive on the whole, in a joint effort to raise the bar for the work of people’s congresses.

 

各位代表!

 

Fellow Deputies,

 

过去一年的工作,让我们深深体会到,做好新时代人大工作,最根本的是要以习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想为指导,坚决维护习近平总书记党中央的核心、全党的核心地位,坚决维护党中央权威和集中统一领导,坚持党的领导、人民当家作主、依法治国有机统一,保证党领导人民有效治理国家。

 

In our work over the past year, we have come to understand that for the work of people’s congresses to be carried out effectively in the new era, it is essential that we follow the guidance of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, resolutely uphold General Secretary Xi Jinping’s core position on the Party Central Committee and in the Party as a whole, resolutely uphold the Party Central Committee’s authority and its centralized, unified leadership, maintain the unity between the leadership of the Party, the position of the people as masters of the country, and law-based governance, and ensure that the Party leads the people in effectively governing the country.

 

——必须始终坚持党的全面领导。党的领导是人民代表大会制度最鲜明的特征。实践证明,党的领导坚持得越好,人民当家作主就实现得越充分,依法治国就发展得越顺利,人民代表大会制度的优越性就越能得到彰显。这一点在任何时候、任何情况下都不能有任何的动摇。人大要在党的领导下依法行使职权,使党的主张通过法定程序成为国家意志、全体人民的共同意志。

 

– We must always uphold the overall leadership of the Party. The leadership of the Party is the defining feature of the people’s congress system. It has been proven through practice that the better the leadership of the Party is upheld, the more fully the position of the people as masters of the country will be realized, the more smoothly law-based governance will develop, and the more evident the superiority of the people’s congress system will be. Therefore, no matter the time or circumstances, our commitment to upholding the leadership of the Party must not waver. The NPC should lawfully exercise its functions and powers under the leadership of the Party, using legally prescribed procedures to turn the propositions of the Party into the will of the state and the common will of the Chinese people.

 

——必须始终坚持以人民为中心,保证人民当家作主。尊重人民主体地位,支持和保证人民通过人民代表大会行使国家权力。把维护最广大人民根本利益作为人大工作的出发点和落脚点,倾听人民呼声,汇聚人民智慧,回应人民期待,使人大及其常委会成为同人民群众保持密切联系的代表机关,保证人民当家作主具体地、现实地落实到国家政治生活和社会生活之中。

 

– We must always uphold a people-centered approach and safeguard the position of the people as masters of the country. We must respect the principal position of the people, and offer support and guarantees for their exercise of state power through people’s congresses. We must make safeguarding the fundamental interests of the overwhelming majority of the people the starting point and ultimate goal of the work of people’s congresses. We must listen to the people, pool their wisdom, respond to their expectations, and turn people’s congresses and their standing committees into representative bodies that maintain close links with the public. By doing so, we will guarantee that the position of the people as masters of the country is concretely and practically demonstrated in China’s political and social activities.

 

——必须始终坚持围绕大局谋划推动工作。人大工作是党和国家工作的重要组成部分。要紧紧围绕实现党的十九大确定的目标任务,顺应新时代新要求,紧跟党中央新部署,满足人民群众新需要,全面担负起宪法法律赋予的各项职责,更好助力新时代改革开放和社会主义现代化建设,为推进伟大斗争、伟大工程、伟大事业、伟大梦想提供有力的法治保障。

 

– We must always focus on the big picture as we make plans for the advancement of our work. The work of people’s congresses is an important component of the work of the Party and the state. We should maintain keen focus on fulfilling the objectives set out at the 19th National Congress of the CPC, conform to the new requirements of the new era, follow the new plans of the Central Committee closely, and satisfy the new demands of the people. We must take on the obligations entrusted to us in the Constitution and the law to better promote reform, opening-up, and socialist modernization in the new era, and provide a strong legal guarantee for advancing our great struggle, great project, great cause, and great dream.

 

——必须始终坚持履行法定职责,严格依法办事。发挥人大在全面依法治国中的职能作用,坚定不移走中国特色社会主义法治道路,不断完善以宪法为核心的中国特色社会主义法律体系,推动形成完备的法律规范体系、高效的法治实施体系、严密的法治监督体系、有力的法治保障体系。在履行宪法法律赋予的各项职责时,要限于法定范围,遵守法定程序,确保党和人民赋予的权力真正用来为人民服务。

 

– We must always perform our legally prescribed duties, and act in strict accordance with the law. We need to exert the role of people’s congresses in comprehensively advancing the rule of law, resolutely adhere to the path of socialist rule of law with Chinese characteristics, constantly improve the Chinese socialist system of laws centered on the Constitution, and promote the formation of a well-equipped system of legal standards, an effective system for implementing the rule of law, a rigorous system for overseeing the rule of law, and a strong system for guaranteeing the rule of law. While performing the obligations entrusted to us in the Constitution and the law, we must act within legally prescribed limits and abide by statutory procedures, thereby ensuring that the power given to us by the Party and the people is truly used in the service of the people.

 

——必须始终坚持民主集中制的组织原则和活动准则。人民民主是社会主义的生命,社会主义最讲民主。发扬民主是人民代表大会制度的必然要求,人大是实现人民民主的重要平台。要依法按程序行使职权,集体讨论决定问题,保证人大代表、常委会组成人员的民主权利,在充分发扬民主的基础上实行正确集中,确保人大各项工作体现党的主张、符合宪法精神、反映人民意志。

 

– We must always uphold democratic centralism as our organizational principle and code of conduct. People’s democracy is the lifeblood and most important aspect of socialism. The people’s congress system entails carrying forward democracy, and people’s congresses are the primary platforms for realizing people’s democracy. We must exercise our powers in accordance with procedure and the law, make decisions on issues through collective discussion, guarantee the democratic rights of deputies to people’s congresses and members of standing committees, and properly exercise centralism on the basis of fully promoting democracy. By doing so, we will be able to ensure that all initiatives of people’s congresses embody the propositions of the Party, abide by the spirit of the Constitution, and reflect the will of the people. 

各位代表!

 

Fellow Deputies,

 

过去一年取得的成绩,是在以习近平同志为核心的党中央坚强领导下,全国人大代表、常委会组成人员、专门委员会组成人员以及全国人大机关工作人员辛勤工作的结果,是国务院、国家监察委员会、最高人民法院、最高人民检察院密切配合的结果,是地方各级人大及其常委会大力支持的结果,是全国各族人民积极参与、充分信任的结果。在此,我代表全国人大常委会表示衷心感谢!

 

The achievements of this past year have been made under the strong leadership of the CPC Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core. They are the result of the diligent work of all NPC deputies, members of the Standing Committee and special committees, and the staff of the NPC administrative bodies; of close coordination with the State Council, the National Commission of Supervision, the Supreme People’s Court, and the Supreme People’s Procuratorate; of the vigorous support of local people’s congresses at all levels and their standing committees; and of the active participation and full trust of all Chinese people. On behalf of the Standing Committee, I would like to express our sincere gratitude.

 

过去一年,工作中也存在差距和不足,主要是:立法工作的质量和效率需要进一步提升,监督工作机制和方式需要进一步健全完善,密切与人大代表、人民群众联系的制度机制需要进一步落细落实,人大理论研究和新闻舆论工作水平需要进一步提高,自身建设需要进一步加强。我们要高度重视这些问题,虚心听取各方面的意见建议,不断加强和改进各项工作。

 

Over the past year, there were also certain deficiencies in our work. These mainly include the following: the quality and efficiency of legislative work need to be further enhanced, methods and mechanisms for oversight work need to be further refined, systems and mechanisms for our link with deputies to people’s congresses and with the public need to be implemented more thoroughly and effectively, our work on theoretical research, media, and public communications needs to be improved, and efforts at self-improvement need to be further intensified. We must take these problems seriously, listen to comments and suggestions from all sectors of society with an open mind, and continue to improve our work in all areas.

 

关于今后一年的主要任务

Major Tasks for This Year

 

2019年是中华人民共和国成立70周年,是全面建成小康社会、实现第一个百年奋斗目标的关键之年。常委会要高举中国特色社会主义伟大旗帜,以习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想为指导,深入贯彻落实党的十九大和十九届二中、三中全会精神,牢固树立“四个意识”,切实增强“四个自信”,坚决做到“两个维护”,坚持党的领导、人民当家作主、依法治国有机统一,紧紧围绕统筹推进“五位一体”总体布局、协调推进“四个全面”战略布局,坚持稳中求进工作总基调,贯彻新发展理念,着力提升立法、监督、代表工作、对外交往和自身建设水平,努力开创新时代人大工作新局面。

 

The year 2019 marks the 70th anniversary of the founding of the People’s Republic of China, and is a crucial year for our efforts to finish the building of a moderately prosperous society in all respects and fulfill the first centenary goal. The Standing Committee must hold high the banner of socialism with Chinese characteristics, follow the guidance of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, and fully implement the guiding principles from the 19th National Congress of the Party and the second and third plenary sessions of the 19th Party Central Committee. We must maintain firm awareness of the need to maintain political integrity, think in big-picture terms, follow the leadership core, and keep in alignment with the central Party leadership; strengthen confidence in the path, theory, system, and culture of socialism with Chinese characteristics; resolutely uphold General Secretary Xi Jinping’s core position on the Party Central Committee and in the Party as a whole, and resolutely uphold the Party Central Committee’s authority and its centralized, unified leadership; maintain the unity between the leadership of the Party, the position of the people as masters of the country, and law-based governance; focus closely on coordinating efforts to pursue the five-sphere integrated plan  and the four-pronged comprehensive strategy;  remain committed to the general principle of pursuing progress while ensuring stability; implement the new development philosophy; and devote energy to improving our work on legislation, oversight, deputies, international exchanges, and self-development, in a bid to break new ground for NPC work in the new era.

 

一是坚持不懈推进宪法实施和监督工作。宪法的生命在于实施,宪法的权威也在于实施。要通过健全法律制度、完善法律体系落实宪法制度,通过实行正确监督、有效监督保证宪法法律实施,发挥宪法在治国理政中的重要作用。落实宪法宣誓制度,组织好国家宪法日活动,推动实施“七五”普法决议,深入开展宪法宣传教育活动。加强宪法理论研究。落实宪法监督制度,健全合宪性审查工作机制,加强备案审查工作。建成全国统一的备案审查信息平台,推动地方人大信息平台延伸到设区的市、自治州、自治县。

 

First, we need to unremittingly advance enforcement of the Constitution and oversight in this regard. The Constitution can only come to life and be authoritative through enforcement. We must implement the constitutional system by improving our laws and legal framework, and ensure the enforcement of the Constitution and the law through proper and effective oversight, thereby exerting the important role of the Constitution in national governance. We need to implement the system of pledging allegiance to the Constitution, ensure that National Constitution Day activities are organized well, promote implementation of the seventh five-year plan on increasing public knowledge of the law, conduct thorough campaigns to publicize the Constitution and educate people about it, and enhance theoretical research on the Constitution. We need to implement systems for overseeing enforcement of the Constitution, refine mechanisms for constitutional compliance inspection, and step up the recording and review of normative documents. We will establish a nationally unified platform for recording and reviewing normative documents, and promote the extension of the information platforms of local people’s congresses to autonomous prefectures, autonomous counties, and cities with subsidiary districts.

 

二是努力提高立法工作质量和效率。认真贯彻习近平总书记全面依法治国新理念新思想新战略和党中央立法决策,深入推进科学立法、民主立法、依法立法,发挥人大及其常委会在立法工作中的主导作用,全面落实常委会立法规划和年度立法计划,积极推进重点领域立法,统筹做好立改废释工作,既要求数量更要重效果,确保立一件成一件,以高质量立法保障和促进高质量发展,努力使每项立法都反映群众意愿、得到群众拥护,让人民群众在每一项法律制度中都感受到公平正义。

 

Second, we need to work diligently to raise the quality and effectiveness of legislative work. We must earnestly implement General Secretary Xi Jinping’s new concepts, thoughts, and strategies on comprehensively advancing the rule of law and the Party Central Committee’s decisions on legislation. We will promote lawmaking that is well-conceived, democratic, and law-based, exert the guiding role of the NPC and its Standing Committee in legislative work, and fully implement the five-year legislative program and annual legislative plan of the Standing Committee. We will actively advance legislation in key areas, and coordinate work on enacting, revising, repealing, and interpreting laws. While keeping up quantity, we must put even greater emphasis on quality, ensuring that we follow through with every piece of legislation put forward so that we may provide high-quality development with the backing and support of high-quality legislation. We should strive to ensure that every piece of legislation reflects the will of the people and earns their support, making the public feel that each of our laws is fair and just.

 

今年要抓紧制定修改深化市场化改革、扩大高水平开放急需的法律,加快推进民生、国家安全、知识产权保护、社会治理、生态文明建设等领域的立法,落实税收法定原则,完善国家机构有关法律制度。集中力量落实好党中央确定的重大立法事项,包括审议民法典,制定刑法修正案(十一)、基本医疗卫生与健康促进法、房地产税法、出口管制法、社区矫正法、军民融合发展法、退役军人保障法、政务处分法,修改证券法、现役军官法、兵役法、人民武装警察法、全国人民代表大会组织法、全国人民代表大会议事规则,开展生物安全法、长江保护法、海南自由贸易港法等立法调研、起草,确保如期完成立法。

 

This year, we must move forward with formulating and revising urgently needed laws for deepening market-based reforms and expanding high-standard opening-up. We need to expedite legislation in the domains of public wellbeing, national security, intellectual property rights protection, social governance, and ecological advancement, enforce the principle of law-based taxation, and improve relevant laws on state institutions. We will focus our energy on effectively implementing major legislative items identified by the Party Central Committee, which include deliberation on the Civil Code; formulation of Amendment XI to the Criminal Law and the laws on promotion of basic medical and health care, real estate tax, export control, community correction, integrated military-civilian development, guarantee for veterans, and administrative discipline; and revision of the Securities Law, the Law on Officers on Active Service, the Military Service Law, the Law on the People’s Armed Police Force, the Organic Law of the NPC, and the NPC procedural rules. We also need to conduct research for the drafting of laws on bio-security, Yangtze River conservation, and the Hainan Free Trade Port to ensure that these legislative tasks are completed on schedule.

 

三是切实增强监督工作的针对性和实效性。坚持围绕大局、贴近民生、突出重点,遵循“依法”原则,推动国家机关依法行权、尽职尽责。今年要检查水污染防治法、可再生能源法、渔业法、中小企业促进法、就业促进法、高等教育法等6部法律实施情况。在继续推动实施大气污染防治法的同时,把检查水污染防治法实施情况作为重点,久久为功、持续发力,依法律、用法治守护良好生态环境这个最普惠的民生福祉。听取审议相关工作报告,加强对国有资产管理情况和刑事审判工作、公益诉讼检察工作情况的监督。围绕脱贫攻坚、化解金融风险、监察体制改革和监察法实施等进行专题调研。结合审议水污染防治法执法检查报告、中小企业促进法执法检查报告、公益诉讼检察工作情况报告开展专题询问。今年安排了29项监督工作,其中,深化供给侧结构性改革、推动高质量发展7项,助力三大攻坚战8项,促进保障和改善民生5项,人大预算决算审查监督和国有资产管理监督5项,执法司法监督4项。

 

Third, we need to make oversight work more targeted and effective. We must push state organs to perform their duties and exercise power in accordance with the law through commitment to keeping the big picture in mind, staying in tune with public wellbeing, focusing on key issues, and abiding by the law. This year, we will inspect enforcement of six laws including the Law on the Prevention and Control of Water Pollution, the Law on Renewable Energy, the Fisheries Law, the Law on Promoting Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises, the Law on Promoting Employment, and the Higher Education Law. While continuing to promote enforcement of the Law on the Prevention and Control of Air Pollution, we will make inspecting enforcement of the Law on the Prevention and Control of Water Pollution the main focus, putting in persistent effort, and relying on the law and law-based governance to protect sound natural environments as the most universally beneficial aspect of public wellbeing. We will hear and deliberate relevant work reports and enhance oversight over the management of state-owned assets, relevant criminal trials, and public interest litigation by procuratorates. We will conduct research focused on the fight against poverty, mitigation of financial risks, reform of the supervision system, and enforcement of the supervision law. We will carry out special inquiries on the basis of deliberating reports on enforcement inspection of the Law on the Prevention and Control of Water Pollution, on enforcement inspection of the Law on Promoting Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises, and on the work of public interest litigation by procuratorates. We have arranged 29 items of oversight work for this year, including 7 for deepening supply-side structural reform and promoting high-quality development, 8 for aiding the three critical battles against potential risk, poverty, and pollution, 5 for ensuring and improving public wellbeing, 5 for the review and oversight of government budgets and financial accounts by people’s congresses, and 4 for the oversight over law enforcement and judicial activities.

 

四是不断完善代表履职工作机制。强化代表对常委会工作的参与,邀请代表列席会议,参加执法检查、调研活动,健全预算审查联系代表工作机制。坚持与列席常委会会议的代表座谈机制,加强常委会组成人员与代表的直接联系。认真办理代表议案、建议。组织好代表集中视察、专题调研活动。加强代表学习培训,强化代表履职监督。

 

Fourth, we need to constantly improve mechanisms for deputies to carry out their duties. We will boost the participation of deputies in the work of the Standing Committee by inviting them to attend Standing Committee meetings and participate in law enforcement inspections and research activities, while also refining mechanisms for contacting deputies for budget review. We will maintain mechanisms for discussion with deputies invited to attend Standing Committee meetings, and strengthen direct contacts between deputies and Standing Committee members. We will earnestly handle the suggestions and proposals of deputies, ensure that inspection tours and research activities for deputies are organized well, enhance training of deputies, and strengthen oversight of deputies to make sure that they perform their duties.

 

五是积极做好人大对外交往工作。紧紧围绕国家总体外交大局,深化立法机构之间的友好交往,统筹双边、多边交往工作,稳步推进机制交流,加强多层次对口交往,促进“一带一路”建设和各领域务实合作,发挥人大对外交往的独特作用。

 

Fifth, we need to actively and effectively carry out international exchanges. Focusing closely on China’s overall diplomacy, we will deepen friendly exchanges between legislative bodies, coordinate work on bilateral and multilateral exchanges, steadily advance mechanism-based exchanges, enhance communication with our counterparts on multiple levels, and promote development of the Belt and Road and practical cooperation in all fields, thereby exerting the unique role of the NPC in foreign relations.

 

六是全面提升常委会自身建设水平。以政治建设为统领,持续加强理论武装,深入推进人大制度理论研究,增强运用法治思维和法治方式解决问题的能力。全面落实中央八项规定及其实施细则精神,深入改进作风,切实防止和克服形式主义、官僚主义。保持斗争精神,增强斗争本领,勇于担当作为,在涉及重大政治原则和国家核心利益问题上旗帜鲜明、立场坚定。激励干部干事创业,抓好干部管理监督,建设忠诚干净担当的高素质人大干部队伍。

 

Sixth, we need to enhance self-improvement of the Standing Committee in all respects. Taking political building as our overarching principle, we will continue to build greater theoretical competence, push forward theoretical research on the people’s congress system, and strengthen our ability to resolve problems using ideas and methods based on the rule of law. We will fully enforce the central Party leadership’s eight-point decision on conduct and the rules for its implementation, further improve our conduct, and take concrete steps to prevent and overcome bureaucratism and the practice of formalities for formalities’ sake. We will maintain a spirit of struggle, boost our ability to work hard and our courage to take on responsibility, and take a clear-cut and determined stand on issues that touch upon key political principles or China’s core interests. We will encourage officials to carry out enterprising work, ensure proper management and oversight of officials, and make sure that the NPC is composed of high-caliber officials who are loyal to the Party, clean and honest, and willing to take on responsibility.

 

各位代表!

 

Fellow Deputies,

 

做好今年人大工作意义重大。我们要更加紧密地团结在以习近平同志为核心的党中央周围,担当尽责,扎实工作,以优异成绩庆祝中华人民共和国成立70周年,为全面建成小康社会、夺取新时代中国特色社会主义伟大胜利、实现中华民族伟大复兴的中国梦努力奋斗!

 

It is of great importance that this year’s NPC work be performed well. We must rally more closely around the CPC Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core, scrupulously abide by our duties, and make solid progress in our work, celebrating the 70th anniversary of the founding of the People’s Republic of China with outstanding achievements, and striving toward the goals of finishing the building of a moderately prosperous society in all respects, capturing great success for socialism with Chinese characteristics for a new era, and realizing the Chinese Dream of national rejuvenation.

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 最后更新:2019-3-19
  • 版权声明 本文源自 新华网sisu04 整理 发表于 2019年3月18日 15:09:30