双语:习近平主席在纪念马克思诞辰200周年大会上的讲话

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摘要Speech by President Xi Jinping at the Ceremony Commemorating the Bicentenary of the Birth of Marx

习近平主席在纪念马克思诞辰200周年大会上致辞

在纪念马克思诞辰200周年大会上的讲话文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/5815.html

Speech at the Ceremony Commemorating the Bicentenary of the Birth of Marx文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/5815.html

 文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/5815.html

习近平文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/5815.html

Xi Jinping文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/5815.html

 文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/5815.html

2018年5月4日文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/5815.html

May 4, 2018文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/5815.html

 文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/5815.html

同志们:文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/5815.html

 

Comrades,

 

今天,我们怀着十分崇敬的心情,在这里隆重集会,纪念马克思诞辰200周年,缅怀马克思的伟大人格和历史功绩,重温马克思的崇高精神和光辉思想。

 

Today, we gather here filled with reverence to commemorate the 200th anniversary of the birth of Karl Marx, remember his strong character and historical achievements, and review his eminent spirit and brilliant ideas.

 

马克思是全世界无产阶级和劳动人民的革命导师,是马克思主义的主要创始人,是马克思主义政党的缔造者和国际共产主义的开创者,是近代以来最伟大的思想家。两个世纪过去了,人类社会发生了巨大而深刻的变化,但马克思的名字依然在世界各地受到人们的尊敬,马克思的学说依然闪烁着耀眼的真理光芒!

 

Marx is the revolutionary leader of the proletariat and the working people the world over, the principal founder of Marxism, the founder of Marxist parties and of the international communist movement, and the greatest thinker of the modern era. Two centuries have passed, during which human society has undergone massive and profound changes. However, Marx’s name continues to be met with respect around the world, and Marx’s theories continue to emanate their brilliant rays of truth.

 

1818年5月5日,马克思诞生在德国特里尔城的一个律师家庭。早在中学时代,他就树立了为人类幸福而工作的志向。大学时代,马克思广泛钻研哲学、历史学、法学等知识,探寻人类社会发展的奥秘。在《莱茵报》工作期间,马克思犀利抨击普鲁士政府的专制统治,维护人民权利。1843年移居巴黎后,马克思积极参与工人运动,在革命实践和理论探索的结合中完成了从唯心主义到唯物主义、从革命民主主义到共产主义的转变。1845年,马克思、恩格斯合作撰写了《德意志意识形态》,第一次比较系统地阐述了历史唯物主义基本原理。1848年,马克思、恩格斯合作撰写了《共产党宣言》,一经问世就震动了世界。恩格斯说,《共产党宣言》是“全部社会主义文献中传播最广和最具有国际性的著作,是从西伯利亚到加利福尼亚的千百万工人公认的共同纲领”。

 

On May 5, 1818, Marx was born in Trier, Germany, into a lawyer’s household. As early as his middle school years, Marx aspired to work toward human happiness. During his university years, Marx undertook extensive and intensive studies into philosophy, history, and law in pursuit of the secrets underlying the development of human society. When he was working for the Rheinische Zeitung newspaper, Marx wrote incisive articles attacking the autocratic rule of the Prussian government and defending the rights of the people. In 1843, after he moved to Paris, Marx became an active participant in the workers’ movement. In the course of his participation he brought together revolutionary practice with theoretical inquiry, thus completing his shift from idealist to materialist and from revolutionary democrat to communist. In 1845, Marx and Engels coauthored The German Ideology, which was the first relatively systematic elaboration of the basic principles of historical materialism. In 1848, Marx and Engels coauthored Manifesto of the Communist Party – which, once published, immediately shook the world. Of Manifesto of the Communist Party, Engels said that it is “the most widespread, the most international production of all socialist literature, the common platform acknowledged by millions of workingmen from Siberia to California.”

 

1848年,席卷欧洲的资产阶级民主革命爆发,马克思积极投入并指导这场革命斗争。革命失败后,马克思深刻总结革命教训,力求通过系统研究政治经济学,揭示资本主义的本质和规律。1867年问世的《资本论》是马克思主义最厚重、最丰富的著作,被誉为“工人阶级的圣经”。晚年,马克思依然密切关注世界发展新趋势和工人运动新情况,努力从更宏大的视野思考人类社会发展问题。

 

In 1848, as the bourgeois democratic revolution sweeping across Europe erupted, Marx threw himself into and guided this struggle. Following the failure of the revolution, Marx reviewed the lessons learned from the revolution and subjected them to a systematic politico-economic analysis, thus revealing the nature and patterns governing capitalism. In 1867, Capital was published, which is his most profound and fecund work, and which has been honored as the “Bible of the working class.” In his later years, Marx continued to closely watch new trends in global development and new events in the workers’ movement, making great efforts at reflecting on issues concerning human development from an even greater viewpoint.

 

——马克思的一生,是胸怀崇高理想、为人类解放不懈奋斗的一生。1835年,17岁的马克思在他的高中毕业作文《青年在选择职业时的考虑》中这样写道:“如果我们选择了最能为人类而工作的职业,那么,重担就不能把我们压倒,因为这是为大家作出的牺牲;那时我们所享受的就不是可怜的、有限的、自私的乐趣,我们的幸福将属于千百万人,我们的事业将悄然无声地存在下去,但是它会永远发挥作用,而面对我们的骨灰,高尚的人们将洒下热泪。”马克思一生饱尝颠沛流离的艰辛、贫病交加的煎熬,但他初心不改、矢志不渝,为人类解放的崇高理想而不懈奋斗,成就了伟大人生。

 

Marx’s life was a life of harboring lofty ideals and of dedication to the struggle for the emancipation of humankind. In 1835, a 17-year-old Marx wrote a high-school graduation composition entitled “Reflections of a Young Man on the Choice of a Profession” in which he wrote, “If we have chosen the position in life in which we can most of all work for mankind, no burdens can bow us down, because they are sacrifices for the benefit of all; then we shall experience no petty, limited, selfish joy, but our happiness will belong to millions, our deeds will live on quietly but perpetually be at work, and over our ashes will be shed the hot tears of noble people.” Throughout his life, Marx encountered hardships from an errant life and suffered poverty and illness, yet he stayed the course, never swayed from his original aspiration, dedicated himself to the lofty ideal of the emancipation of humankind, and accomplished a life of greatness.

 

——马克思的一生,是不畏艰难险阻、为追求真理而勇攀思想高峰的一生。马克思曾经写道:“在科学上没有平坦的大道,只有不畏劳苦沿着陡峭山路攀登的人,才有希望达到光辉的顶点。”马克思为创立科学理论体系,付出了常人难以想象的艰辛,最终达到了光辉的顶点。他博览群书、广泛涉猎,不仅深入了解和研究哲学社会科学各个学科知识,而且深入了解和研究各种自然科学知识,努力从人类创造的一切文明成果中汲取养料。马克思毕生忘我工作,经常每天工作16个小时。马克思在给友人的信中谈到,为了《资本论》的写作,“我一直在坟墓的边缘徘徊。因此,我不得不利用我还能工作的每时每刻来完成我的著作”。即使在多病的晚年,马克思仍然不断迈向新的科学领域和目标,写下了数量庞大的历史学、人类学、数学等学科笔记。正如恩格斯所说:“马克思在他所研究的每一个领域,甚至在数学领域,都有独到的发现,这样的领域是很多的,而且其中任何一个领域他都不是浅尝辄止。”

 

Marx’s life was a life of defiance in the face of hardships and of bravely scaling new intellectual heights in search of truth. Marx once wrote that, “There is no royal road to science, and only those who do not dread the fatiguing climb of its steep paths have a chance of gaining its luminous summits.” In founding his scientific theoretical system, Marx endured hardships unimaginable to most ordinary people until ultimately arriving at the luminous summit. Being well-read and erudite, he not only thoroughly understood and studied the scholarship of all disciplines of philosophy and the social sciences, but also that of a range of natural sciences, diligently working to draw pabulum from the civilizational achievements of all of humankind. Throughout his life, Marx selflessly dedicated himself to his work, regularly working sixteen hours a day. Of his work Capital, Marx once wrote a letter to his friend saying that, “I was perpetually hovering on the verge of the grave. Therefore, I had to use every moment in which I was capable of work in order that I might finish the task.” Despite constant illness in his later years, Marx still continued to stride toward new scientific fields and objectives, and he wrote an immense number of scientific manuscripts in the fields of history, humanities, and mathematics. Just as Engels said, “In every single field which Marx investigated – and he investigated very many fields, none of them superficially – in every field, even in that of mathematics, he made independent discoveries.”

 

——马克思的一生,是为推翻旧世界、建立新世界而不息战斗的一生。恩格斯说,“马克思首先是一个革命家”,“斗争是他的生命要素。很少有人像他那样满腔热情、坚韧不拔和卓有成效地进行斗争”。马克思毕生的使命就是为人民解放而奋斗。为了改变人民受剥削、受压迫的命运,马克思义无反顾投身轰轰烈烈的工人运动,始终站在革命斗争最前沿。他领导创建了世界上第一个无产阶级政党——共产主义者同盟,领导了世界上第一个国际工人组织——国际工人协会,热情支持世界上第一次工人阶级夺取政权的革命——巴黎公社革命,满腔热情、百折不挠推动各国工人运动发展。

 

Marx’s life was a life of ceaseless fighting to topple the old world and create it anew. As Engels said, “Marx was before all else a revolutionist... Fighting was his element. And he fought with a passion, a tenacity, and a success such as few could rival.” Marx’s lifelong mission was to struggle for the emancipation of humankind. In order to change the people’s lot of suffering exploitation and oppression, Marx threw himself without hesitation into the dynamic worker’s movement, always standing at the vanguard of the revolutionary fight. Under his leadership, the Communist League was founded in 1847, which was the world’s first proletarian party, and he led the International Workingmen’s Association which was the world’s first international workers’ organization. He also zealously supported the Commune of Paris, the first revolution in which the working class seized political power, and fervently and unrelentingly drove the development of the workers’ movement across the world.

 

马克思是顶天立地的伟人,也是有血有肉的常人。他热爱生活,真诚朴实,重情重义。马克思、恩格斯的革命友谊长达40年。正如列宁所说:“古老传说中有各种非常动人的友谊故事”,但马克思、恩格斯的友谊“超过了古人关于人类友谊的一切最动人的传说”。马克思无私资助革命事业,即使在自己生活极度困难的情况下仍然尽最大努力帮助革命战友。马克思和妻子燕妮患难与共,谱写了理想和爱情的命运交响曲。

 

Marx was a great man of indomitable spirit, yet he was also a man of flesh and blood. He loved life, and was sincere, honest, sentimental, and fair-minded. Marx and Engels’ revolutionary friendship lasted for 40 years. Just as Lenin once said that, “Old legends contain various moving instances of friendship,” but that Marx and Engel’s friendship “surpasses the most moving stories of the ancients about human friendship.” Marx unselfishly financed the revolutionary cause; even during the most difficult times of his life he gave his utmost to help his revolutionary comrades-in-arms. Marx and his wife, Jenny, endured these hardships together, composing a providential symphony of ideals and love.

同志们!

 

Comrades,

 

马克思给我们留下的最有价值、最具影响力的精神财富,就是以他名字命名的科学理论——马克思主义。这一理论犹如壮丽的日出,照亮了人类探索历史规律和寻求自身解放的道路。

 

The most valuable and influential legacy which Marx left for us is the theory that has been named after him – Marxism. This theory is just like a magnificent sunrise, illuminating the road on which humankind explores the patterns of history and seeks its own emancipation.

 

马克思有一句名言:“批判的武器当然不能代替武器的批判,物质力量只能用物质力量来摧毁;但是理论一经掌握群众,也会变成物质力量。”马克思主义主要由哲学、政治经济学、科学社会主义三大组成部分构成。这三大组成部分分别来源于德国古典哲学、英国古典政治经济学、法国空想社会主义,然而,最终升华为马克思主义的根本原因,是马克思对所处的时代和世界的深入考察,是马克思对人类社会发展规律的深刻把握。马克思说:“共产党人的理论原理,决不是以这个或那个世界改革家所发明或发现的思想、原则为根据的。”“这些原理不过是现存的阶级斗争、我们眼前的历史运动的真实关系的一般表述。”

 

As Marx once famously noted, “The weapon of criticism cannot, of course, replace criticism of the weapon, material force must be overthrown by material force; but theory also becomes a material force as soon as it has gripped the masses.” Marxism is chiefly composed of three parts: philosophy, political economy, and scientific socialism. Taken separately, these parts originate from German classical philosophy, British classical political economy, and French utopian socialism. However, the fundamental reason these ultimately sublimated into Marxism was due to Marx’s penetrating observations of the world and age in which he lived, and his profound ken of the patterns underlying the development of human society. As Marx wrote, “The theoretical conclusions of the Communists are in no way based on ideas or principles that have been invented, or discovered, by this or that would-be universal reformer. They merely express, in general terms, actual relations springing from an existing class struggle, from a historical movement going on under our very eyes.”

 

只有在整个人类发展的历史长河中,才能透视出历史运动的本质和时代发展的方向。马克思的科学研究,就像列宁所说的那样,“凡是人类社会所创造的一切,他都有批判地重新加以探讨,任何一点也没有忽略过去。凡是人类思想所建树的一切,他都放在工人运动中检验过,重新加以探讨,加以批判,从而得出了那些被资产阶级狭隘性所限制或被资产阶级偏见束缚住的人所不能得出的结论。”马克思的思想理论源于那个时代又超越了那个时代,既是那个时代精神的精华又是整个人类精神的精华。

 

It is only by considering the long course of human history that we can gain a perspective on the essence of historical movements and the direction of contemporary developments. Marx’s scientific research was just as Lenin described, “He critically reshaped everything that had been created by human society, without ignoring a single detail. He reconsidered, subjected to criticism, and verified on the working-class movement everything that human thinking had created, and therefrom formulated conclusions which people hemmed in by bourgeois limitations or bound by bourgeois prejudices could not draw.” Marx’s ideas and theories originated from those times and also transcended them; his ideas and theories were both the apotheosis of the spirit of the times and the epitome of the spirit of the people.

 

——马克思主义是科学的理论,创造性地揭示了人类社会发展规律。在马克思提出科学社会主义之前,空想社会主义者早已存在,他们怀着悲天悯人的情感,对理想社会有很多美好的设想,但由于没有揭示社会发展规律,没有找到实现理想的有效途径,因而也就难以真正对社会发展发生作用。马克思创建了唯物史观和剩余价值学说,揭示了人类社会发展的一般规律,揭示了资本主义运行的特殊规律,为人类指明了从必然王国向自由王国飞跃的途径,为人民指明了实现自由和解放的道路。

 

Marxism is a scientific theory; it artfully reveals the patterns underlying the development of human society. Utopian socialists had existed long prior to the time in which Marx raised his ideas on scientific socialism; they bemoaned society’s ills and had many fine ideas concerning the ideal society. However, as they did not grasp the patterns underlying the development of society, they had not found an effective way to realize their ideals, and consequently their ideas had no real impact on the development of society. Historical materialism and the theory of surplus value which originated from Marx brought to light the general patterns underlying the development of human society, and revealed the particular laws governing capitalist operations. These discoveries lit the way for humankind to move from the realm of necessity to the realm of freedom, and illuminated the path for humankind to realize liberty and emancipation.

 

——马克思主义是人民的理论,第一次创立了人民实现自身解放的思想体系。马克思主义博大精深,归根到底就是一句话,为人类求解放。在马克思之前,社会上占统治地位的理论都是为统治阶级服务的。马克思主义第一次站在人民的立场探求人类自由解放的道路,以科学的理论为最终建立一个没有压迫、没有剥削、人人平等、人人自由的理想社会指明了方向。马克思主义之所以具有跨越国度、跨越时代的影响力,就是因为它植根人民之中,指明了依靠人民推动历史前进的人间正道。

 

Marxism is a people-oriented theory; it was the first system of thought to be founded so that people may achieve self-emancipation. Marxism, though wide-ranging and profound, can be summed up in a sentence – the pursuit of the emancipation of humankind. Prior to Marx, the dominant theories in society were those which served the ruling class. Marxism was the first theory to seek the way to liberty and emancipation for humankind from the perspective of the people; it uses scientific theories to demonstrate the way to the ultimate creation of an ideal society in which there is no oppression or exploitation and in which people are equal and free. The influence of Marxism spans time and borders because it is rooted in the people, and demonstrates that the right path for humankind is the path on which the people drive forward the advance of history.

 

——马克思主义是实践的理论,指引着人民改造世界的行动。马克思说,“全部社会生活在本质上是实践的”,“哲学家们只是用不同的方式解释世界,问题在于改变世界”。实践的观点、生活的观点是马克思主义认识论的基本观点,实践性是马克思主义理论区别于其他理论的显著特征。马克思主义不是书斋里的学问,而是为了改变人民历史命运而创立的,是在人民求解放的实践中形成的,也是在人民求解放的实践中丰富和发展的,为人民认识世界、改造世界提供了强大精神力量。

 

Marxism is a practical theory; it guides the people in their actions to change the world. Marx once wrote that, “All social life is essentially practical,” and that, “The philosophers have only interpreted the world, in various ways; the point is to change it.” Practice and existence are the basic standpoints of Marxist epistemology, and its practicality is the distinguishing feature that sets Marxist theory apart from other theories. Marxism is not scholarship to be confined to a study, but rather it was founded so as to change the people’s lot in history. Marxism was formed, refined, and developed in practice through the pursuit of the emancipation of humankind, and it has provided a powerful source of inspiration for the people to understand and remold the world.

 

——马克思主义是不断发展的开放的理论,始终站在时代前沿。马克思一再告诫人们,马克思主义理论不是教条,而是行动指南,必须随着实践的变化而发展。一部马克思主义发展史就是马克思、恩格斯以及他们的后继者们不断根据时代、实践、认识发展而发展的历史,是不断吸收人类历史上一切优秀思想文化成果丰富自己的历史。因此,马克思主义能够永葆其美妙之青春,不断探索时代发展提出的新课题、回应人类社会面临的新挑战。

 

Marxism is an open-ended and continually developing theory; it is always at the forefront of the times. Marx admonished people over and over that Marxism is not dogma, but a guide to action that must be developed with changes in practice. The history of the development of Marxism is the history of its continued development at the hands of Marx, Engels, and their successors in accordance with developments in time, practice, and knowledge. This history is one of continued self-refinement through the absorption of all of the redoubtable cultural and intellectual achievements of human history. Therefore, Marxism is able to forever maintain its appealing youthfulness, and continue to explore new problems in contemporary developments and respond to new challenges facing humanity.

同志们!

 

Comrades,

 

《共产党宣言》发表170年来,马克思主义在世界上得到广泛传播。在人类思想史上,没有一种思想理论像马克思主义那样对人类产生了如此广泛而深刻的影响。

 

It has been 170 years since Manifesto of the Communist Party was published, during which time Marxism has spread extensively across the globe. In human intellectual history, there has been no other body of thought which has produced such a profound and wide-reaching influence on humankind as has Marxism.

 

在马克思亲自领导下,在马克思主义指导下,“第一国际”等国际工人组织相继创立和发展,在不同时期指导和推动了国际工人运动的联合和斗争。在马克思主义影响下,马克思主义政党在世界范围内如雨后春笋般建立和发展起来,人民第一次成为自己命运的主人,成为实现自身解放和全人类解放的根本政治力量。

 

Under Marx’s personal leadership, and under the guidance of Marxism, the “First International” and other international workers’ associations were founded and developed one after another, and which at various times guided and advanced the unity and struggles of the international workers’ movement. Under the influence of Marxism, Marxist political parties were established and developed, springing up like mushrooms across the world. This marked the first time that the people became the masters of their own destiny, that they became the fundamental political force for realizing their own emancipation and indeed that of all of humankind.

 

列宁领导的十月革命取得胜利,社会主义从理论变为现实,打破了资本主义一统天下的世界格局。第二次世界大战结束后,一大批社会主义国家诞生,特别是中华人民共和国成立,极大壮大了世界社会主义力量。尽管世界社会主义在发展中也会出现曲折,但人类社会发展的总趋势没有改变,也不会改变。

 

When Lenin led the October Revolution (1917) to victory, socialism transformed from theory to reality, thus breaking the global capitalist order which dominated the world. Following the close of World War II, a number of socialist countries emerged, in particular the People’s Republic of China, which greatly boosted the strength of international socialism. Even though international socialism has encountered complications in its development, the overall trend in human development has not changed, nor will it change.

 

马克思、恩格斯积极支持被压迫民族和人民的解放斗争。进入20世纪后,以列宁为代表的马克思主义者继承和发展马克思主义民族理论,指导和支持殖民地半殖民地国家民族解放运动。第二次世界大战结束后,一大批获得独立和解放的民族国家建立起来,彻底瓦解了帝国主义的殖民体系,世界各民族平等交往、共同发展展现出光明前景。

 

Marx and Engels actively supported the struggle for the emancipation of oppressed nations and people. Since the beginning of the 20th century, Marxists, as represented by Lenin, built on and further developed Marxist ethnicity theories, which guided and supported the national liberation movements in colonial and semi-colonial countries. Following the close of World War II, a great many independent and emancipated nation-states were established, thoroughly dismantling the imperialist colonial system. These events showed forth promising prospects for equal association and common development between the nations of the world.

 

今天,马克思主义极大推进了人类文明进程,至今依然是具有重大国际影响的思想体系和话语体系,马克思至今依然被公认为“千年第一思想家”。

 

Today, Marxism firmly advances the progress of human civilization; to this day it continues to provide theoretical and discursive systems of major international influence, and Marx to this day continues to be acknowledged as the “number one thinker of the millennium.”

 

同志们!

 

Comrades,

 

马克思主义不仅深刻改变了世界,也深刻改变了中国。中华民族在几千年的历史进程中创造了灿烂的中华文明,为人类文明进步作出了重大贡献。1840年鸦片战争以后,西方列强凭着坚船利炮野蛮轰开了中国的大门,中华民族陷入内忧外患的悲惨境地。

 

Marxism has not only profoundly transformed the world, it has also profoundly transformed China. Over the course of several thousand years of history, the Chinese nation has produced the magnificent Chinese culture, making a weighty contribution to the progress of human civilization. Following the Opium War of 1840, the Western powers savagely blasted open China’s doors with their warships and cannons, miring the Chinese nation in the tragic circumstances of domestic turmoil and foreign aggression.

 

帝国主义的野蛮侵略和中国人民的深重苦难引起了马克思高度关注。第二次鸦片战争期间,马克思撰写了十几篇关于中国的通讯,向世界揭露西方列强侵略中国的真相,为中国人民伸张正义。马克思、恩格斯高度肯定中华文明对人类文明进步的贡献,科学预见了“中国社会主义”的出现,甚至为他们心中的新中国取了靓丽的名字——“中华共和国”。

 

The barbarous imperialist invasion and the grave suffering of the Chinese people greatly roused the interest of Marx. During the Second Opium War (1856-1860), Marx wrote over a dozen articles concerning China, exposing to the world the facts about the invasion of China at the hands of Western powers, and serving as a champion of justice for the Chinese people. To a high degree, Marx and Engels affirmed the Chinese civilization’s contribution to human civilization and through scientific determination foresaw the emergence of “Chinese socialism.” In their minds, they even gave an elegant name to this ideal new China – “the Chinese republic.”

 

近代以后,争取民族独立、人民解放和实现国家富强、人民幸福就成为中国人民的历史任务。在旧式的农民战争走到尽头,不触动封建根基的自强运动和改良主义屡屡碰壁,资产阶级革命派领导的革命和西方资本主义的其他种种方案纷纷破产的情况下,十月革命一声炮响,为中国送来了马克思列宁主义,给苦苦探寻救亡图存出路的中国人民指明了前进方向、提供了全新选择。

 

With the advent of modern times, the historic mission of the Chinese people became the pursuit of national independence and liberation, of a stronger and more prosperous country, and of their own happiness. Old-style peasant wars were carried out to no avail, self-improvement and reformist movements which did not touch the foundation of feudal rule were repeatedly rebuffed, and bourgeois-led revolutions and other attempts to copy Western capitalism one after another came to naught. After all this, it was the salvoes of the October Revolution that brought Marxism-Leninism to China, demonstrating the way forward and offering a new choice for the Chinese people who were seeking a way to save China from subjugation.

 

在这个历史大潮中,一个以马克思主义为指导、一个勇担民族复兴历史大任、一个必将带领中国人民创造人间奇迹的马克思主义政党——中国共产党应运而生。

 

On this great tide of history, a Marxist political party which would heroically undertake the task of national rejuvenation and surely lead the Chinese people in creating a miracle for humankind came into being – the Communist Party of China.

 

中国共产党诞生后,中国共产党人把马克思主义基本原理同中国革命和建设的具体实际结合起来,团结带领人民经过长期奋斗,完成新民主主义革命和社会主义革命,建立起中华人民共和国和社会主义基本制度,进行了社会主义建设的艰辛探索,实现了中华民族从东亚病夫到站起来的伟大飞跃。这一伟大飞跃以铁一般的事实证明,只有社会主义才能救中国!

 

Following the emergence of the Communist Party of China, Chinese Communists brought together the tenets of Marxism with the practical realities of China’s revolution and development. Chinese Communists united the people and led them through a protracted struggle, completed the new democratic revolution and socialist revolution, founded the People’s Republic of China and the basic socialist system, and carried out challenging explorations in developing socialism. Thus, they brought about the tremendous transformation of China from being the “sick man of East Asia” to gaining independence. This transformation provided rock-solid proof that it was only socialism that could save China.

 

改革开放以来,中国共产党人把马克思主义基本原理同中国改革开放的具体实际结合起来,团结带领人民进行建设中国特色社会主义新的伟大实践,使中国大踏步赶上了时代,实现了中华民族从站起来到富起来的伟大飞跃。这一伟大飞跃以铁一般的事实证明,只有中国特色社会主义才能发展中国!

 

Since the launch of reform and opening-up in the late 1970s, Chinese Communists have been bringing together the tenets of Marxism with the practical realities of reform and opening-up. Chinese Communists brought together the people in developing the great new endeavor of socialism with Chinese characteristics, enabling China to take big strides to catch up with the times. Thus, they brought about the tremendous transformation of China from having gained independence to growing wealthy. This transformation provided rock-solid proof that only socialism with Chinese characteristics could develop China.

 

在新时代,中国共产党人把马克思主义基本原理同新时代中国具体实际结合起来,团结带领人民进行伟大斗争、建设伟大工程、推进伟大事业、实现伟大梦想,推动党和国家事业取得全方位、开创性历史成就,发生深层次、根本性历史变革,中华民族迎来了从富起来到强起来的伟大飞跃。这一伟大飞跃以铁一般的事实证明,只有坚持和发展中国特色社会主义才能实现中华民族伟大复兴!

 

Today, Chinese Communists bring together the tenets of Marxism with the practical realities of China’s new era. Chinese Communists are leading the people in carrying out our great struggle, developing our great project, advancing our great cause, and realizing our great dream, advancing the undertakings of the Party and the country so as to prompt historic achievements that are all-encompassing and groundbreaking and to bring about historic changes that are profound and fundamental. The Chinese people are moving into a tremendous transformation from having grown prosperous to becoming strong. This process provides solid proof that it is only by upholding and developing socialism with Chinese characteristics that we can realize the rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.

 

实践证明,马克思主义的命运早已同中国共产党的命运、中国人民的命运、中华民族的命运紧紧连在一起,它的科学性和真理性在中国得到了充分检验,它的人民性和实践性在中国得到了充分贯彻,它的开放性和时代性在中国得到了充分彰显!

 

Experience has proven that the fate of Marxism has long been closely intertwined with that of the Communist Party of China, the Chinese people, and the Chinese nation. In our country, Marxism’s scientific and truthful nature has been fully tested, its humane and practical nature has been fully implemented, and its open-ended and contemporary nature has been fully demonstrated.

 

实践还证明,马克思主义为中国革命、建设、改革提供了强大思想武器,使中国这个古老的东方大国创造了人类历史上前所未有的发展奇迹。历史和人民选择马克思主义是完全正确的,中国共产党把马克思主义写在自己的旗帜上是完全正确的,坚持马克思主义基本原理同中国具体实际相结合、不断推进马克思主义中国化时代化是完全正确的!

 

Experience has also proven that Marxism has provided China’s revolution, development, and reform with a strong theoretical tool which has enabled China, this ancient nation of the East, to produce a development miracle unprecedented in human history. It is entirely proper that history and the people have chosen Marxism, and it is entirely proper that the Communist Party of China has inscribed Marxism on its banner. It is also entirely proper that we continue to bring together the tenets of Marxism with China’s practical realities, and continue to adapt Marxism to China’s conditions and keep it current.

 

可以告慰马克思的是,马克思主义指引中国成功走上了全面建设社会主义现代化强国的康庄大道,中国共产党人作为马克思主义的忠诚信奉者、坚定实践者,正在为坚持和发展马克思主义而执着努力!

 

Marx would be comforted to know that Marxism has successfully guided China down the path toward fully developing into a great modern socialist country. As loyal believers in and staunch practitioners of Marxism, Chinese Communists are making persistent efforts to uphold and develop Marxism.

同志们!

 

Comrades,

 

恩格斯说过:“一个民族要想站在科学的最高峰,就一刻也不能没有理论思维。”中华民族要实现伟大复兴,也同样一刻不能没有理论思维。马克思主义始终是我们党和国家的指导思想,是我们认识世界、把握规律、追求真理、改造世界的强大思想武器。

 

Engels once said that “A nation that wants to climb the pinnacles of science cannot possibly manage without theoretical thought.” If we Chinese are to realize national rejuvenation, we likewise cannot possibly manage without theoretical thought. Marxism is and will continue to be the guiding theory for our Party and nation. It is the formidable theoretical tool which we use to understand the world, grasp its underlying patterns, search for its truth, and effect change.

 

马克思主义思想理论博大精深、常学常新。新时代,中国共产党人仍然要学习马克思,学习和实践马克思主义,不断从中汲取科学智慧和理论力量,在统筹推进“五位一体”总体布局、协调推进“四个全面”战略布局中,更有定力、更有自信、更有智慧地坚持和发展新时代中国特色社会主义,确保中华民族伟大复兴的巨轮始终沿着正确航向破浪前行。

 

Marxist ideas and theories are wide-ranging and profound and maintain relevance even with repeated study. In the new era, Chinese Communists still need to study Marx, study and practice Marxism, and continually draw on its powerful knowledge and theories. In this way, we will uphold and develop Chinese socialism in the new era with more resolve, confidence, and wisdom in our efforts at carrying out the coordinated advancement of the “five-pronged” overall plan and the “Four Comprehensives” strategy, thus ensuring that we always stay the course toward national rejuvenation as we break the waves and sail ahead.

 

——学习马克思,就要学习和实践马克思主义关于人类社会发展规律的思想。马克思科学揭示了人类社会最终走向共产主义的必然趋势。马克思、恩格斯坚信,未来社会“将是这样一个联合体,在那里,每个人的自由发展是一切人的自由发展的条件”,“无产者在这个革命中失去的只是锁链。他们获得的将是整个世界。”马克思坚信历史潮流奔腾向前,只要人民成为自己的主人、社会的主人、人类社会发展的主人,共产主义理想就一定能够在不断改变现存状况的现实运动中一步一步实现。马克思主义奠定了共产党人坚定理想信念的理论基础。我们要全面掌握辩证唯物主义和历史唯物主义的世界观和方法论,深刻认识实现共产主义是由一个一个阶段性目标逐步达成的历史过程,把共产主义远大理想同中国特色社会主义共同理想统一起来、同我们正在做的事情统一起来,坚定中国特色社会主义道路自信、理论自信、制度自信、文化自信,坚守共产党人的理想信念,像马克思那样,为共产主义奋斗终身。

 

Studying Marx requires the study and practice of Marxist thought on the patterns underlying the development of human society. Marx revealed through his research the inexorable trend that human society would ultimately move toward Communism. Marx and Engels firmly believed that in the society of the future “we shall have an association, in which the free development of each is the condition for the free development of all,” and that “the proletarians have nothing to lose but their chains. They have a world to win.” Marx firmly believed that the tide of history would only surge forward once the people became the masters of themselves, society, and human development, and with this the ideal of Communism would necessarily be realized by degrees through the extant conditions of continuous change. Marxism established the theoretical foundation for the unwavering ideals and convictions of Communists. We need to have a complete mastery of the worldviews and methodologies of dialectical and historical materialism, and fully understand that realizing Communism is a historical process involving the step-by-step achievement of milestones. We need to bring together the noble ideal of Communism with the shared ideal of Chinese socialism and the endeavors in which we are currently engaged, remain confident in the path, theory, system, and culture of Chinese socialism, and adhere to the ideals and beliefs of Chinese Communists. We need to be like Marx, and strive for Communism throughout our lives.

 

——学习马克思,就要学习和实践马克思主义关于坚守人民立场的思想。人民性是马克思主义最鲜明的品格。马克思说,“历史活动是群众的活动”。让人民获得解放是马克思毕生的追求。我们要始终把人民立场作为根本立场,把为人民谋幸福作为根本使命,坚持全心全意为人民服务的根本宗旨,贯彻群众路线,尊重人民主体地位和首创精神,始终保持同人民群众的血肉联系,凝聚起众志成城的磅礴力量,团结带领人民共同创造历史伟业。这是尊重历史规律的必然选择,是共产党人不忘初心、牢记使命的自觉担当。

 

Studying Marx requires the study and practice of Marxist thought on upholding the position of the people. An affinity with the people is Marxism’s most distinctive character. According to Marx, historical action is the action of the masses. Enabling the people to gain their emancipation was Marx’s life pursuit. We must always ensure that our basic position is that of the people, and that we strive for the wellbeing of the people as our fundamental mission, remain committed to the fundamental principle of wholeheartedly serving the people, and carry out the mass line. We must also respect the principal position of the people and the creativity of the people, forever maintain close ties with them, channel our strength into an impenetrable great wall, and unite the people and lead them in moving history forward. This is the inevitable choice which respects the patterns of history, and it is the responsibility undertaken by communists on our own initiative in staying true to our founding mission.

 

——学习马克思,就要学习和实践马克思主义关于生产力和生产关系的思想。马克思主义认为,物质生产力是全部社会生活的物质前提,同生产力发展一定阶段相适应的生产关系的总和构成社会经济基础。生产力是推动社会进步最活跃、最革命的要素。“人们所达到的生产力的总和决定着社会状况。”生产力和生产关系、经济基础和上层建筑相互作用、相互制约,支配着整个社会发展进程。解放和发展社会生产力是社会主义的本质要求,是中国共产党人接力探索、着力解决的重大问题。新中国成立以来特别是改革开放以来,在不到70年的时间内,我们党带领人民坚定不移解放和发展社会生产力,走完了西方几百年的发展历程,推动我国快速成为世界第二大经济体。我们要勇于全面深化改革,自觉通过调整生产关系激发社会生产力发展活力,自觉通过完善上层建筑适应经济基础发展要求,让中国特色社会主义更加符合规律地向前发展。

 

Studying Marx requires the study and practice of Marxist thought on the forces and relations of production. Marxism holds that the material forces of production form the material prerequisites for all social existence, and that the totality of these relations of production appropriate to a given stage in the development of the material forces of production constitutes the economic foundation of society. The forces of production are the most dynamic and revolutionary factors driving social progress. “The multitude of productive forces accessible to men determines the nature of society.” The mutual interactions and constraints between the forces and relations of production and between the economic foundation and the superstructure govern the whole course of social development. Unleashing and developing the national forces of production is a fundamental task of socialism; it is also a major concern which Chinese Communists continue to explore and work hard to resolve. Since the founding of the People’s Republic of China, and especially since reform and opening-up, within 70 years our Party has led the people in resolute efforts at unleashing and developing national forces of production and completed a process of development that took the West several centuries to complete, thus propelling our country’s high-speed rise to become the world’s second largest economy. We need to have the courage to deepen reform in all areas, rouse the vitality of the national forces of production via balancing the relations of production, and adapt to the requirements of developing the economic foundation via improving the superstructure. By doing so, we will ensure that the development of Chinese socialism better conforms with the patterns governing the forces and relations of production.

 

——学习马克思,就要学习和实践马克思主义关于人民民主的思想。马克思、恩格斯指出,“无产阶级的运动是绝大多数人的,为绝大多数人谋利益的独立的运动”,“工人阶级一旦取得统治权,就不能继续运用旧的国家机器来进行管理”,必须“以新的真正民主的国家政权来代替”。国家机关必须由社会主人变为社会公仆,接受人民监督。我们要坚定不移走中国特色社会主义政治发展道路,在坚持党的领导、人民当家作主、依法治国有机统一中推进社会主义民主政治建设,不断加强人民当家作主的制度保障,加快推进国家治理体系和治理能力现代化,充分调动人民的积极性、主动性、创造性,更加切实、更有成效地实施人民民主。

 

Studying Marx requires the study and practice of Marxist thought on the people’s democracy. As Marx and Engels noted, “The proletarian movement is the self-conscious, independent movement of the immense majority, in the interest of the immense majority,” “that the working class, once come to power, could not go on managing with the old state machine,” it must “[shatter]…the former state power and…[replace it with] a new and truly democratic one.” State organs must change from controlling the public to serving them, and accept public oversight. We need to keep to the socialist path of political advancement with Chinese characteristics, and drive the development of China’s socialist democracy while remaining committed to the smooth integration of Party leadership, the running of the country by the people, and law-based governance. We also need to strengthen institutional guarantees for the running of the country by the people, hasten the modernization of China’s governance system and capacity, give full play to the people’s enthusiasm, initiative, and creativity, and more firmly and effectively implement a people’s democracy.

 

——学习马克思,就要学习和实践马克思主义关于文化建设的思想。马克思认为,在不同的经济和社会环境中,人们生产不同的思想和文化,思想文化建设虽然决定于经济基础,但又对经济基础发生反作用。先进的思想文化一旦被群众掌握,就会转化为强大的物质力量;反之,落后的、错误的观念如果不破除,就会成为社会发展进步的桎梏。理论自觉、文化自信,是一个民族进步的力量;价值先进、思想解放,是一个社会活力的来源。国家之魂,文以化之,文以铸之。我们要立足中国,面向现代化、面向世界、面向未来,巩固马克思主义在意识形态领域的指导地位,发展社会主义先进文化,加强社会主义精神文明建设,把社会主义核心价值观融入社会发展各方面,推动中华优秀传统文化创造性转化、创新性发展,不断提高人民思想觉悟、道德水平、文明素养,不断铸就中华文化新辉煌。

 

Marx believed that, given different economic and social environments, the people would produce different ideas and culture. Even though ideas and culture are determined by the economic foundation, they also react with it. Once advanced ideas and culture are apprehended by the masses, they transform into a formidable material force; conversely, if outmoded or erroneous ideas are not done away with, they become fetters on social development. Theoretical awareness and cultural confidence are a force for national progress; advanced values and a free mind are the source of social vitality. Culture both transforms and fashions the spirit of a nation. While remaining grounded in China’s realities, our nation must embrace modernization, the world, and the future. We must consolidate the position of Marxism as our guiding thought, develop an advanced socialist culture, and strengthen observance of socialist cultural and ethical standards. We must also see that all areas of social development are imbued with core socialist values, promote the creative transformation and innovative development of our fine traditional culture, help our people raise their political awareness and moral standards, and foster appreciation of fine culture. By doing so, we will continue to add new luster to Chinese culture.

 

——学习马克思,就要学习和实践马克思主义关于社会建设的思想。马克思、恩格斯设想,在未来社会中,“生产将以所有的人富裕为目的”,“所有人共同享受大家创造出来的福利”。恩格斯结合马克思在《共产党宣言》、《哥达纲领批判》、《资本论》等著作中提出的一系列主张,阐明在社会主义条件下,社会应该“给所有的人提供健康而有益的工作,给所有的人提供充裕的物质生活和闲暇时间,给所有的人提供真正的充分的自由”。人民对美好生活的向往就是我们的奋斗目标。我们要坚持以人民为中心的发展思想,抓住人民最关心最直接最现实的利益问题,不断保障和改善民生,促进社会公平正义,在更高水平上实现幼有所育、学有所教、劳有所得、病有所医、老有所养、住有所居、弱有所扶,让发展成果更多更公平惠及全体人民,不断促进人的全面发展,朝着实现全体人民共同富裕不断迈进。

 

Studying Marx requires us to study and practice Marxist thought on social advancement. Marx and Engels envisaged that in the society of the future “production will be calculated to provide wealth for all,” and it would feature “the participation of all in the enjoyments provided by all.” Engels integrated a series of views raised by Marx in Manifesto of the Communist Party, Critique of the Gotha Program, Capital, and other works, clarifying how, under the conditions of socialism, society should “give healthy and useful labor to all, ample wealth and leisure to all, and the truest and fullest freedom to all.” The people yearn for a better life, and our goal is to help them achieve it. We need to remain committed to our people-centered philosophy of development, focus on the most pressing and most immediate issues that concern the people the most, and constantly secure and improve standards of living for the people. We need to promote social fairness and justice, ensure access to a higher level of childcare, education, employment, medical services, elderly care, housing, and social assistance, and see that the gains of reform and development benefit all our people in a fair way. By doing so, we will promote well-rounded human development and achieve shared prosperity for everyone.

 

——学习马克思,就要学习和实践马克思主义关于人与自然关系的思想。马克思认为,“人靠自然界生活”,自然不仅给人类提供了生活资料来源,如肥沃的土地、鱼产丰富的江河湖海等,而且给人类提供了生产资料来源。自然物构成人类生存的自然条件,人类在同自然的互动中生产、生活、发展,人类善待自然,自然也会馈赠人类,但“如果说人靠科学和创造性天才征服了自然力,那么自然力也对人进行报复”。自然是生命之母,人与自然是生命共同体,人类必须敬畏自然、尊重自然、顺应自然、保护自然。我们要坚持人与自然和谐共生,牢固树立和切实践行绿水青山就是金山银山的理念,动员全社会力量推进生态文明建设,共建美丽中国,让人民群众在绿水青山中共享自然之美、生命之美、生活之美,走出一条生产发展、生活富裕、生态良好的文明发展道路。

 

Studying Marx requires us to study and practice Marxist thought on the relationship between people and nature. Marx understood that “Man lives from nature,” that nature not only provides humans with the source of the means of existence such as soils which are fertile, and rivers, lakes, and oceans which are teeming with fish, but it also provides humans with the source of the means of production. The natural world constitutes the natural conditions in which humans exist. If we humans treat nature well as we produce, live, and develop alongside it, nature will bestow its gifts upon us; however, “if man, by dint of his knowledge and inventive genius, has subdued the forces of nature, the latter avenge themselves upon him.” Nature is the mother of life, humans and nature form a biotic community, and humanity must revere and respect nature, follow its ways, and protect it. We need to ensure harmony between humans and nature, firmly realize that lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets and conscientiously act on this understanding, mobilize all sectors of society to build an ecological civilization, and build a beautiful China together. By doing so, we will ensure that the people appreciate the beauty of nature, life, and existence as they live among lucid waters and lush mountains, and pursue a model of sustainable development featuring increased production, higher living standards, and healthy ecosystems.

 

——学习马克思,就要学习和实践马克思主义关于世界历史的思想。马克思、恩格斯说:“各民族的原始封闭状态由于日益完善的生产方式、交往以及因交往而自然形成的不同民族之间的分工消灭得越是彻底,历史也就越是成为世界历史。”马克思、恩格斯当年的这个预言,现在已经成为现实,历史和现实日益证明这个预言的科学价值。今天,人类交往的世界性比过去任何时候都更深入、更广泛,各国相互联系和彼此依存比过去任何时候都更频繁、更紧密。一体化的世界就在那儿,谁拒绝这个世界,这个世界也会拒绝他。万物并育而不相害,道并行而不相悖。我们要站在世界历史的高度审视当今世界发展趋势和面临的重大问题,坚持和平发展道路,坚持独立自主的和平外交政策,坚持互利共赢的开放战略,不断拓展同世界各国的合作,积极参与全球治理,在更多领域、更高层面上实现合作共赢、共同发展,不依附别人、更不掠夺别人,同各国人民一道努力构建人类命运共同体,把世界建设得更加美好。

 

Studying Marx requires us to study and practice Marxist thought on world history. Marx and Engels once said that, “The more the original isolation of separate nationalities is destroyed by the developed mode of production, commerce, and division of labor between various nations naturally brought forth by these, the more does history become world history.” Marx and Engels’ prediction of those years has since become a reality; history and reality increasingly prove the scientific value of this prediction. Today, the global nature of human association is more profound and extensive than ever before, and the interlinking and interdependence between countries are more frequent and intimate than ever before. We live in a united world; whoever rejects this world will also be rejected by it. Living things that are nourished will not injure one another; roads that run parallel will not interfere with one another. We need to stand at the perspective of world history and examine the development trends and the problems we face in the world today, continue to pursue a path of peaceful development, an independent foreign policy of peace, and a mutually beneficial strategy of opening up. We need to continue to expand cooperation with all other countries, take an active part in the global governance system, and realize mutually beneficial cooperation and shared development in more fields and to a higher level, and we must not submit to others and even less so plunder others. In this way, we can work with the people of all other countries to build a community with a shared future for humanity and create a more beautiful world.

 

——学习马克思,就要学习和实践马克思主义关于马克思主义政党建设的思想。马克思认为,“在无产阶级和资产阶级的斗争所经历的各个发展阶段上,共产党人始终代表整个运动的利益”,“他们没有任何同整个无产阶级的利益不同的利益”,而是要“为绝大多数人谋利益”,为建设共产主义社会而奋斗。共产党要“在全世界面前树立起可供人们用来衡量党的运动水平的里程碑”。始终同人民在一起,为人民利益而奋斗,是马克思主义政党同其他政党的根本区别。我们要统揽伟大斗争、伟大工程、伟大事业、伟大梦想,增强政治意识、大局意识、核心意识、看齐意识,持之以恒推进全面从严治党,坚持把党的政治建设摆在首位,坚持和加强党的全面领导,坚决维护党中央权威和集中统一领导,做到坚持真理、修正错误,永远保持共产党人政治本色,把党建设成为始终走在时代前列、人民衷心拥护、勇于自我革命、经得起各种风浪考验、朝气蓬勃的马克思主义执政党!

 

Studying Marx requires us to study and practice Marxist thought on developing a Marxist political party. Marx recognized that, “In the various stages of development which the struggle of the working class against the bourgeoisie has to pass through, they always and everywhere represent the interests of the movement as a whole,” and that “they have no interests separate and apart from those of the proletariat as a whole,” but instead work “in the interest of the immense majority,” and strive to build a communist society. A communist party must “set up before the whole world landmarks by which it measures the level of the Party movement.” The basic difference between a Marxist political party and other political parties is that the former always stands with the people and fights for their interests. We need to coordinate our great struggle, great project, great cause, and great dream, and strengthen our consciousness of the need to maintain political integrity, think in big-picture terms, follow the leadership core, and keep in alignment. We need to continue to drive ahead full and strict governance over the Party, give top priority to consolidating the Party politically, uphold and strengthen overall Party leadership, and uphold the authority of the Central Committee and its centralized, unified leadership. We need to uphold truth and correct errors, forever preserve the political character of Communists, and build the Party into a vibrant Marxist governing party that is always at the forefront of the times, enjoys the wholehearted support of the people, has the courage to reform itself, and is able to withstand all tests.

同志们!

 

Comrades,

 

中国共产党是用马克思主义武装起来的政党,马克思主义是中国共产党人理想信念的灵魂。1938年,毛泽东同志指出:“如果我们党有一百个至二百个系统地而不是零碎地、实际地而不是空洞地学会了马克思列宁主义的同志,就会大大地提高我们党的战斗力量。”

 

The Communist Party of China is a party which arms itself with Marxism; Marxism is the soul of the ideals and convictions of Chinese Communists. In 1938, Mao noted that, “Our Party’s fighting capacity will be much greater if there are one or two hundred comrades with a grasp of Marxism-Leninism which is systematic and not fragmentary, genuine and not hollow.”

 

回顾党的奋斗历程可以发现,中国共产党之所以能够历经艰难困苦而不断发展壮大,很重要的一个原因就是我们党始终重视思想建党、理论强党,使全党始终保持统一的思想、坚定的意志、协调的行动、强大的战斗力。

 

Reflecting on the course of the Party’s struggles reveals that one of the important reasons that the Communist Party of China has been able to continue to grow in the face of difficulties and hardships is that our Party continues to highly value being well-grounded in both thinking and theory. This has ensured that the whole Party is united in thought, steadfast of will, coordinated in action, and formidable in strength.

 

当前,改革发展稳定任务之重、矛盾风险挑战之多、治国理政考验之大都是前所未有的。我们要赢得优势、赢得主动、赢得未来,必须不断提高运用马克思主义分析和解决实际问题的能力,不断提高运用科学理论指导我们应对重大挑战、抵御重大风险、克服重大阻力、化解重大矛盾、解决重大问题的能力,以更宽广的视野、更长远的眼光来思考把握未来发展面临的一系列重大问题,不断坚定马克思主义信仰和共产主义理想。

 

At present, the importance of reform, development, and stability, the number of contradictions, risks, and challenges, and the tests of our capacity to govern are all at an unprecedented level. It is essential that we continually improve our ability to utilize Marxism to analyze and resolve practical problems, and continually improve our ability to utilize scientific theories to guide us in responding to major challenges, withstanding major risks, overcoming major obstacles, addressing major contradictions, and resolving major problems; doing so will enable us to gain the upper hand, seize the initiative, and secure our future. In this way, we can reflect on and fully grasp a range of major issues facing China’s future development from a broader and longer-term perspective, and continually strengthen belief in Marxism and the ideals of communism.

 

从《共产党宣言》发表到今天,170年过去了,人类社会发生了翻天覆地的变化,但马克思主义所阐述的一般原理整个来说仍然是完全正确的。我们要坚持和运用辩证唯物主义和历史唯物主义的世界观和方法论,坚持和运用马克思主义立场、观点、方法,坚持和运用马克思主义关于世界的物质性及其发展规律,关于人类社会发展的自然性、历史性及其相关规律,关于人的解放和自由全面发展的规律,关于认识的本质及其发展规律等原理,坚持和运用马克思主义的实践观、群众观、阶级观、发展观、矛盾观,真正把马克思主义这个看家本领学精悟透用好。

 

It has been 170 years since the publication of Manifesto of the Communist Party, during which time earthshaking changes have occurred in human society. However, on the whole, the general principles which Marxism sets forth are still entirely valid. We need to uphold and apply the worldviews and methodologies of dialectical and historical materialism, Marxist standpoints, viewpoints, and methods, and Marxist views on the materiality of the world and the patterns underlying development. We must also heed the principles such as the natural and historic significance of the development of human society and related laws, the laws governing human emancipation and the full and free development of every individual, and the essence of knowledge and the laws governing its development. In this light, we need to uphold and apply Marxist views on practice, the people, class, development, and contradiction, and truly master and apply well these key skills.

 

全党同志特别是各级领导干部要更加自觉、更加刻苦地学习马克思列宁主义,学习毛泽东思想、邓小平理论、“三个代表”重要思想、科学发展观,学习新时代中国特色社会主义思想。要深入学、持久学、刻苦学,带着问题学、联系实际学,更好把科学思想理论转化为认识世界、改造世界的强大物质力量。共产党人要把读马克思主义经典、悟马克思主义原理当作一种生活习惯、当作一种精神追求,用经典涵养正气、淬炼思想、升华境界、指导实践。

 

All comrades of our Party, especially officials at all levels, must do more and work harder at studying Marxism-Leninism, Mao Zedong Thought, Deng Xiaoping Theory, the Theory of Three Represents, and the Scientific Outlook on Development, and the Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era. All comrades must study these thoroughly, painstakingly, and assiduously, apply their studies to problems, and link their studies to reality so as to better transform scientific ideas and theories into a material force for understanding and changing the world. We Communists must read Marxist classics and understand Marxist principles as a way of life and a spiritual pursuit, and apply the classics to foster our integrity, temper our intellects, expand our horizons, and guide our practice.

 

对待科学的理论必须有科学的态度。恩格斯深刻指出:“马克思的整个世界观不是教义,而是方法。它提供的不是现成的教条,而是进一步研究的出发点和供这种研究使用的方法。”恩格斯还指出,我们的理论“是一种历史的产物,它在不同的时代具有完全不同的形式,同时具有完全不同的内容”。科学社会主义基本原则不能丢,丢了就不是社会主义。同时,科学社会主义也绝不是一成不变的教条。我说过,当代中国的伟大社会变革,不是简单延续我国历史文化的母版,不是简单套用马克思主义经典作家设想的模板,不是其他国家社会主义实践的再版,也不是国外现代化发展的翻版。社会主义并没有定于一尊、一成不变的套路,只有把科学社会主义基本原则同本国具体实际、历史文化传统、时代要求紧密结合起来,在实践中不断探索总结,才能把蓝图变为美好现实。

 

Approaching scientific theories requires a scientific attitude. Engels once made the profound point that, “Marx’s whole way of thinking is not so much a doctrine as a method. It provides not so much ready-made dogmas, as aids to further investigation and the method for such investigation.” Engels also noted that theories “[are] a historical product, which at different times assumes very different forms and, therewith, very different contents.” The basic principles of scientific socialism cannot be discarded; once discarded it would cease to be socialism. Likewise, scientific socialism is not an immutable dogma. I once said that China’s great social transformation is not a masterplate from which we simply continue our history and culture, nor a pattern from which we mechanically apply the ideas of classic Marxist authors, nor a reprint of the practice of socialism in other countries, nor a duplicate of modernization from abroad. There is no orthodox, immutable version of socialism. It is only by closely linking the basic principles of scientific socialism with a country’s specific realities, history, cultural traditions, and contemporary needs, and by continually conducting inquiries and reviews in the practice of socialism, that a blueprint can become a bright reality.

 

理论的生命力在于不断创新,推动马克思主义不断发展是中国共产党人的神圣职责。我们要坚持用马克思主义观察时代、解读时代、引领时代,用鲜活丰富的当代中国实践来推动马克思主义发展,用宽广视野吸收人类创造的一切优秀文明成果,坚持在改革中守正出新、不断超越自己,在开放中博采众长、不断完善自己,不断深化对共产党执政规律、社会主义建设规律、人类社会发展规律的认识,不断开辟当代中国马克思主义、21世纪马克思主义新境界!

 

The vitality of theory is in its continued innovation, and promoting the continued development of Marxism is the sacred duty of Chinese Communists. We need to be persistent in wielding Marxism to observe and decipher the world today and lead us through it, applying the lively and plentiful experiences drawn from contemporary China to drive the development of Marxism, and utilizing an extensive worldview to draw on the civilizational achievements of all of humankind. We need to be persistent in protecting our foundations while constantly innovating to continually outdo ourselves, and learning widely from the strengths of others to continually improve ourselves. Finally, we need to continually further our understanding of the laws that underlie governance by a communist party, the development of socialism, and the evolution of human society, and open up new prospects for the development of Marxism in today’s China and the 21st century.

 

同志们!

 

Comrades,

 

今天,我们纪念马克思,是为了向人类历史上最伟大的思想家致敬,也是为了宣示我们对马克思主义科学真理的坚定信念。

 

Today, we are commemorating Marx to pay our respects to the greatest thinker in human history, and to proclaim our firm belief in the scientific truth of Marxism.

 

恩格斯说:“只要进一步发挥我们的唯物主义论点,并且把它应用于现时代,一个强大的、一切时代中最强大的革命远景就会立即展现在我们面前。”前进道路上,我们要继续高扬马克思主义伟大旗帜,让马克思、恩格斯设想的人类社会美好前景不断在中国大地上生动展现出来!

 

Engels once said that, “The prospect of a gigantic revolution, the most gigantic revolution that has ever taken place, accordingly presents itself to us as soon as we pursue our materialist thesis further and apply it to the present time.” On the road ahead, we must continue to uphold Marxism, and ensure that the wondrous prospects which Marx and Engels envisaged for human society perpetually unfold across China.

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 最后更新:2018-9-13
  • 版权声明 本文源自 新华网sisu04 整理 发表于 2018年9月11日 03:41:17