关于2016年中央和地方预算执行情况与2017年中央和地方预算草案的报告文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/2202.html
Report on the Execution of the Central and Local Budgets for 2016 and on the Central and Local Draft Budgets for 2017文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/2202.html
文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/2202.html
——2017年3月5日在第十二届全国人民代表大会第五次会议上文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/2202.html
Delivered at the Fifth Session of the Twelfth National People’s Congress on March 5, 2017文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/2202.html
文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/2202.html
财政部文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/2202.html
Ministry of Finance文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/2202.html
文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/2202.html
各位代表：文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/2202.html
Esteemed Deputies,
受国务院委托，现将2016年中央和地方预算执行情况与2017年中央和地方预算草案提请十二届全国人大五次会议审议，并请全国政协各位委员提出意见。
The Ministry of Finance has been entrusted by the State Council to submit this Report on the Execution of the Central and Local Budgets for 2016 and on the Central and Local Draft Budgets for 2017 to the present Fifth Session of the 12th National People’s Congress (NPC) for your deliberation and for comments from the members of the National Committee of the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC).
一、2016年中央和地方预算执行情况
I. Execution of the Central and Local Budgets for 2016
2016年，面对严峻复杂的国内外环境，在以习近平同志为核心的党中央坚强领导下，各地区、各部门坚持稳中求进工作总基调，坚持新发展理念，以推进供给侧结构性改革为主线，适度扩大总需求，经济社会保持平稳健康发展，实现了“十三五”良好开局。中央和地方预算执行情况较好。
In 2016, we were faced with challenging and complicated environments both in China and abroad. However, under the leadership of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (CPC) with Xi Jinping at its core, all localities and departments strived for progress while working to keep performance stable, upheld China’s new development philosophy, and focused on supply-side structural reform while seeking an appropriate expansion of aggregate demand. As a result, we achieved steady and sound economic and social development and kicked the 13th Five-Year Plan for Economic and Social Development (2016-2020) off to a good start. Execution of the budgets was satisfactory.
（一）落实全国人大预算决议情况。
1. Implementation of the NPC resolution on the budgets
财政部门强化预算法治意识，积极发挥职能作用，认真落实十二届全国人大四次会议有关决议，以及全国人大财政经济委员会的审查意见。
Departments of finance improved rule of law awareness in the execution of the budgets, actively performed our functions, and conscientiously implemented the resolution adopted at the Fourth Session of the 12th NPC on the budgets as well as the views given by the NPC Financial and Economic Affairs Commission on the budgets.
有效实施积极财政政策。实行大规模减税降费。全面推开营改增试点，将试点范围扩大到建筑业、房地产业、金融业、生活服务业，并将所有企业新增不动产所含增值税纳入抵扣范围，新增试点行业全部实现总体税负只减不增的预期目标，前期纳入试点的行业和原增值税行业因可抵扣进项税增加也实现了减税，全年降低企业税负5736亿元。进一步扩大企业研发费用加计扣除范围，加大对高新技术企业支持力度，出台股权激励和技术入股递延纳税政策，完善科技企业孵化器税收政策。取消、停征和归并一批政府性基金，扩大18项行政事业性收费免征范围，推动地方清理规范涉企行政事业性收费，减轻企业和个人负担460多亿元。合理扩大财政支出规模。赤字率适当提高，增加的赤字主要用于弥补减税降费带来的财政减收，保障政府应该承担的支出责任。新增地方政府债务限额1.18万亿元。继续发行地方政府债券置换存量债务4.9万亿元，加上2015年置换的3.2万亿元，累计置换8.1万亿元，全年降低利息成本约4000亿元。同时，实施针对性强的政策措施，着力推动“三去一降一补”。中央财政设立并及时拨付工业企业结构调整专项奖补资金，支持化解钢铁、煤炭行业过剩产能过程中职工分流安置工作。安排补助资金，支持中央企业处置“僵尸企业”。调整房地产交易环节契税、营业税政策，加强对居民自住和改善性住房需求的支持，推动化解商品房库存。明确债转股涉及的债权转让和核销政策，支持实施市场化银行债转股。阶段性降低社会保险费率，清理涉企保证金，进一步帮助企业降低成本。加大补短板力度，大幅增加财政扶贫投入助力脱贫攻坚，大力支持棚户区改造、基础设施建设等重点领域。
– Implementing proactive fiscal policy
Large-scale cuts were made to taxes and fees. In extending trials to replace business tax with VAT to all industries, we carried out trials in the construction, real estate, financial, and consumer service industries, and made the value-added of the new immovable property in all enterprises eligible for VAT deductions. The tax burdens of all industries newly included in the trials were reduced as planned, while other industries already included in these trials and industries originally using VAT also saw a reduction in their tax burdens due to increased business VAT deductions. Over the year, we reduced the tax burden on enterprises across all industries by 573.6 billion yuan.
We further expanded the scope of additional tax deductions for enterprises’ spending on research and development; increased funding for high-technology enterprises; introduced policies on equity-based incentives for innovation and on deferred payment of individual income tax for research and development personnel who have become shareholders through their technology and innovation; and improved tax policies for technology business incubators. We abolished or suspended a number of government-managed funds and consolidated some of these funds, expanded the coverage of exemption from 18 kinds of administrative charges; and urged local governments to overhaul and regulate their administrative charges on enterprises, thereby lessening the financial burden on enterprises and individuals by 46 billion plus yuan.
Reasonable increases were made to government expenditures. The government deficit was appropriately increased primarily to make up for reduced government revenue resulting from reductions in taxes and fees, ensuring funding for government spending. We raised the ceiling for local government debt by 1.18 trillion yuan. Local government bonds issued to replace outstanding debt reached 4.9 trillion yuan. Adding in the 3.2 trillion yuan worth of local government bonds issued in 2015, the value of such bonds issued over the past two years totaled 8.1 trillion yuan. Over the course of the year, local governments have saved approximately 400 billion yuan in interest payments by issuing bonds.
Meanwhile, targeted policies and measures were implemented to address overcapacity, reduce excessive inventory, deleverage, lower costs, and bolster areas of weakness. In funding the resettling of workers laid off from the steel and coal industries as result of overcapacity cuts, we set up funds financed by the central government and promptly allocated appropriations from such funds as subsidies or rewards for restructuring industrial enterprises. We ensured subsidies were provided to address the issue of central government “zombie enterprises.” We adjusted policies on deed transfer tax and business tax in the real estate industry with a view to boosting people’s demand for housing for personal use and second homes and helping reduce commodity housing stock.
We developed clear policies on the swapping and cancellation of debt in debt-to-equity swaps to support market-based swapping of debt owed to banks for company shares. We introduced short-term reductions on social insurance premiums and overhauled guaranty funds relating to enterprises, thereby further lowering the costs of enterprises. We redoubled efforts to strengthen areas of weakness, considerably increased funding for poverty alleviation, and fully supported major tasks such as rebuilding in rundown urban areas and infrastructure development.
积极推进财税改革与立法。实现增值税对货物和服务全覆盖。全面推进资源税从价计征改革，开展水资源税改革试点。推动出台环境保护税法。制定政府非税收入管理办法。出台推进中央与地方财政事权和支出责任划分改革的指导意见，明确了改革的总体要求、划分原则、主要内容。合理确定全面推开营改增试点后中央与地方增值税收入分享比例，保持现有财力格局总体稳定。调整中央对地方增值税返还办法，进一步完善分税制财政体制。出台实施支持农业转移人口市民化的财政政策并建立奖励机制。改革和完善中央对地方转移支付制度，专项转移支付项目数量进一步减少到94项，一般性转移支付占比提高至60.6%。大力推进预决算公开，首次在中国政府网和财政部门户网站集中发布中央部门决算信息，制定地方预决算公开操作规程。
– Working for progress in fiscal and tax reforms and legislation
We worked toward extending VAT to cover all goods and services. We continued the reform to apply ad valorem rates to all resource taxes, piloted the reform to introduce the water resource tax, and drove progress in legislation on an environmental protection tax. We developed measures for the management of non-tax government revenue. We issued guidelines on the reform to share fiscal authority and spending responsibilities between the central and local governments, making clear the requirements, the sharing principles, and the main content of the reform. We determined the appropriate ratio for sharing VAT revenue between the central and local governments following the application of VAT in all industries in order to ensure the stability currently enjoyed in the sharing of financial resources continues. We adjusted the methods for central government VAT rebates to local governments, and improved the revenue-sharing fiscal system. We issued and implemented fiscal policies on granting urban residency to people with rural household registration living in urban areas, and introduced related reward mechanisms.
We reformed and improved the system of central government transfer payments to local governments, cutting the number of items receiving special transfer payments from the central government to 94, and raising the proportion of general transfer payments against total transfer payments to 60.6 percent. We stepped up efforts to see that government budgets and final accounts are made available to the public, publishing for the first time a whole package of final accounts of central departments on http://www.gov.cn/and http://www.mof.gov.cn/index.htm and drawing up operating procedures for publicly releasing local budgets and final accounts.
着力提高财政支出绩效。严格执行全国人大批准的预算，及时批复下达。加强预算绩效管理，中央部门项目支出绩效目标管理实现全覆盖，首次将重大项目的绩效目标及具体绩效指标同预算一并批复，对部分重大民生政策和重点专项支出开展绩效评价。部分中央部门预算绩效管理工作开展情况和项目绩效评价结果首次同部门决算一并向社会公开。盘活财政存量资金，按规定用于经济社会发展急需领域。开展贫困县统筹整合使用财政涉农资金试点，把纳入统筹整合范围的财政涉农资金的配置、使用权赋予贫困县。进一步完善中央财政科研项目资金管理，扩大高校、科研院所在科研项目资金、差旅会议等方面的管理权限。大力推广运用政府和社会资本合作（PPP）模式，加强PPP项目全生命周期财政管理，保障项目实施质量。截至2016年底，全国PPP综合信息平台入库项目11260个、总投资13.5万亿元，已签约落地的项目1351个、总投资2.2万亿元。加大政府购买服务改革力度，制定通过政府购买服务支持社会组织培育发展和做好事业单位政府购买服务改革工作的意见。推动政府投资基金加快运作，激发社会投资活力。
– Working to improve the performance of government funds
We promptly approved the appropriation of government funds in strict accordance with the budgets approved by the NPC. In strengthening budget performance administration, we applied performance target administration to all central department project expenditures, began for the first time to set performance targets and indicators for major projects at the same time as granting budgeted funds, and conducted performance evaluations in relation to expenditures for a portion of major policies on people’s wellbeing and for key special projects. Information on the performance administration and performance evaluation results of some central department budgets were for the first time released to the public along with the final accounts of these departments.
Available government funds were put to work, in accordance with regulations, in pressing areas of economic and social development. We carried out trials to integrate and coordinate the use of government funds for rural development in poor counties, granting these counties the power to allocate and utilize the funds earmarked for such trials. We improved fund management for central government-funded research programs, expanding the authority of colleges and research institutions to manage research funds and expenses on related travel and meetings. We made a big push to expand the use of public-private partnership (PPP) models, and strengthened lifecycle financial regulation of PPP projects to ensure the quality of implementation. At year end 2016, 11,260 projects, with a total investment of 13.5 trillion yuan, were included on the national information platform for multiple PPP models; 1,351 of these projects, representing a total investment of 2.2 trillion yuan, have already been contracted and are in implementation.
We strengthened reform to encourage government procurement of services, and formulated guidelines on supporting the fostering and development of social organizations through government procurement of their services and on carrying out reform to introduce government procurement of services from public institutions. We worked to accelerate the operations of government-invested funds, and encouraged nongovernmental sources to invest.
高度重视和防范地方政府债务风险。严格按照预算法、担保法等有关法律法规要求，进一步规范地方政府债务管理。2016年末，全国地方政府债务余额15.32万亿元，控制在年度地方政府债务限额17.19万亿元以内。完善地方政府一般债务和专项债务预算管理制度，首次在预算草案中全面反映地方政府债务情况，主动接受监督。开展地方政府债务风险评估和预警并向有关部门和地方政府通报结果，督促高风险地区多渠道筹集资金化解债务风险。出台地方政府性债务风险应急处置预案和分类处置指南，妥善做好风险事件应急处置政策储备。印发财政部驻各地专员办实施地方政府债务监督暂行办法，开展常态化监督。组织核查地方违法违规担保融资问题，督促相关地区和金融机构依法整改。
– Working to prevent risks posed by local government debt
We worked in strict accordance with the Budget Law, the Guarantee Law, and other relevant laws and regulations to take further steps to ensure standards were in place for the management of local government debt. At year end 2016, total outstanding local government debt stood at 15.32 trillion yuan, which was within the limit of 17.19 trillion yuan budgeted for the year. We improved the budgetary management system for general and special local government debt, and incorporated for the first time a full review of local government debt into the draft budgets, thereby proactively subjecting it to oversight.
We carried out risk assessments and provided early warnings on local-government debt risks and reported the results to the relevant authorities and local governments, urging high-risk regions to raise funds through multiple channels so as to defuse their debt risks. We introduced emergency response contingency plans for local government debt risks and guidelines on dealing with risks by type, building up our policy reserve for responding to risks and emergencies.
We issued the Provisional Measures for the Representative Offices of Supervisors from the Ministry of Finance in Localities to Conduct Oversight on Local Government Debt to make oversight regular. We also organized an investigation into illegal local government financing, and urged the regions and financial institutions concerned to rectify this problem in accordance with the law.
严格按预算法要求规范预算管理。细化预算编制，进一步压缩代编预算规模，做实中央部门预算项目库。政府性基金项目减少到23项，对保留的项目实行目录清单管理。进一步扩大中央国有资本经营预算实施范围，制定中央国有资本经营预算支出管理暂行办法。开展全国行政事业单位资产清查。积极推进权责发生制政府综合财务报告制度改革，印发固定资产等4项政府会计具体准则。组织开展新能源汽车推广应用补贴、地方预决算公开情况、政府采购代理机构执业情况等检查，查处曝光一批违反预算法和财经纪律的行为，对相关责任人员严肃追责。
– Ensuring budgets were managed in strict accordance with the Budget Law
We made the budgets more detailed, further scaled down the amount of tentative budgets prepared by the Ministry of Finance for other government offices or projects, and worked to ensure all projects were covered by central government department budgets. We cut the number of projects financed by government-managed funds to 23, and introduced a list and catalogue system to manage these projects. We expanded the scope of the central government’s state capital operations budget, and formulated the provisional measures for the management of expenditures from this budget. We conducted a nationwide review of assets owned by administrative agencies and institutions.
We moved forward with the reform to establish a system for comprehensive government financial reporting based on accrual accounting, and issued four sets of regulations concerning government accounting principles including principles on fixed assets. We organized inspections on the implementation of subsidies for the use of new-energy vehicles, the disclosure of local budgets and final accounts, and the operations of government procurement agencies. During the inspections, we investigated and exposed a number of cases of violations of the Budget Law and financial and economic discipline and held those responsible to account.
2016年，财政部改进和加强服务全国人大代表、政协委员工作。认真办理建议提案，全年承办人大代表建议2889件、政协委员提案1323件。加大与代表委员沟通交流力度，积极听取和吸纳代表委员提出的意见建议，进一步改进财政工作。
In 2016, the Ministry of Finance improved its services for the deputies to the NPC and members of the CPPCC National Committee. We dealt conscientiously with their suggestions and proposals, handling over the course of the year a total of 2,889 suggestions made by deputies and 1,323 proposals by members. We did more to improve communication with the deputies and members, soliciting and taking on board their opinions and suggestions in order to improve public finance work.
（二）2016年预算调整情况。
2. Adjustments to the 2016 budgets
为进一步理顺全面推开营改增试点后中央与地方增值税收入划分关系，从2016年5月1日起，与全面推开营改增试点同步实施调整中央与地方增值税收入划分过渡方案。此次调整对2016年全国一般公共预算收支预算总量没有影响，但中央和地方收支预算结构发生变化。中央一般公共预算收入预算由70570亿元调整为72350亿元，增加的1780亿元全部用于对地方税收返还，相应中央一般公共预算支出预算由85885亿元调整为87665亿元。按照预算法有关规定，中央预算调整方案已提请十二届全国人大常委会第二十四次会议审查批准。
To ensure VAT revenue was better shared between the central and local governments after trials to replace business tax with VAT came into effect across all industries on May 1, 2016, we began implementing a transitional plan at the same time to adjust the sharing of VAT revenue between the central and local governments. This adjustment did not affect the total budgetary revenue and expenditures in the 2016 general public budgets nationwide, but brought changes to the structure of the central and local government budgets. The revenue in the central government’s general public budget was increased to 7.235 trillion yuan from 7.057 trillion yuan, and the 178 billion yuan increase was used in full for tax rebates to local governments. Accordingly, expenditures in the central government’s general public budget were increased to 8.7665 trillion yuan from 8.5885 trillion yuan. In accordance with the Budget Law, the plan for revising the central budget was submitted to the 24th Session of the Standing Committee of the 12th NPC for deliberation and approval.
（三）2016年预算收支情况。
3. Budgetary revenue and expenditures in 2016
1、一般公共预算。
1) General public budgets
全国一般公共预算收入159552.08亿元，为预算的101.5%，比2015年同口径（考虑5项政府性基金转列一般公共预算等影响）增长4.5%。加上使用结转结余及调入资金7271.08亿元，收入总量为166823.16亿元。全国一般公共预算支出187841.14亿元，完成预算的103.9%，扣除地方使用结转结余及调入资金后增长7.4%。加上补充中央预算稳定调节基金782.02亿元，支出总量为188623.16亿元。收支总量相抵，赤字21800亿元，与预算持平。
Revenue in China’s general public budgets reached 15.955208 trillion yuan, representing 101.5 percent of the budgeted figure and an increase of 4.5 percent over 2015, after allowing for, among other things, the inclusion into general public budgets of five government-managed funds. Adding in the 727.108 billion yuan of utilized carryover and surplus funds, plus funds from other sources, this revenue totaled 16.682316 trillion yuan.
Expenditures in China’s general public budgets reached 18.784114 trillion yuan, representing 103.9 percent of the budgeted figure and an increase of 7.4 percent after deducting local governments’ utilized carryover and surplus funds and funds from other sources. Including the 78.202 billion yuan used to replenish the Central Budget Stabilization Fund, these expenditures totaled 18.862316 trillion yuan. Expenditures therefore exceeded revenue, leaving a deficit of 2.18 trillion yuan, which is the same as the budgeted figure.
中央一般公共预算收入72357.31亿元，为调整预算的100%，比2015年同口径增长1.2%。加上从中央预算稳定调节基金调入1000亿元，从中央政府性基金预算、中央国有资本经营预算调入315.06亿元，收入总量为73672.37亿元。中央一般公共预算支出86890.35亿元（其中，中央本级支出27404亿元，中央对地方税收返还和转移支付59486.35亿元），完成调整预算的99.1%，增长4.5%。加上补充中央预算稳定调节基金782.02亿元，支出总量为87672.37亿元。收支总量相抵，中央财政赤字14000亿元，与预算持平。2016年中央预备费预算500亿元，实际支出146.1亿元，剩余353.9亿元全部转入中央预算稳定调节基金。2016年末，中央财政国债余额120066.75亿元，控制在年度预算限额125908.35亿元以内；中央预算稳定调节基金余额2678.06亿元（含通过收回中央财政结转资金补充1501.83亿元）。
Revenue in the central government’s general public budget reached 7.235731 trillion yuan, representing 100 percent of the adjusted budgeted figure and an increase of 1.2 percent over 2015. Adding in the 100 billion yuan contributed by the Central Budget Stabilization Fund and the 31.506 billion yuan from the budgets of central government-managed funds and central government state capital operations, this revenue totaled 7.367237 trillion yuan.
Expenditures in the central government’s general public budget amounted to 8.689035 trillion yuan (this consists of 2.7404 trillion yuan in central government expenditures and 5.948635 trillion yuan in tax rebates and transfer payments from the central to local governments), representing 99.1 percent of the adjusted budgeted figure and an increase of 4.5 percent. Adding in the 78.202 billion yuan contributed to the Central Budget Stabilization Fund, these expenditures totaled 8.767237 trillion yuan. They exceeded revenue, leaving a deficit of 1.4 trillion yuan, which is the same as the budgeted figure. Central government reserve funds budgeted for 2016 were 50 billion yuan; of this, actual expenditures accounted for 14.61 billion yuan, and the remaining 35.39 billion yuan was transferred in full to the Central Budget Stabilization Fund. At year end, 2016, outstanding central government debt was 12.006675 trillion yuan, well within the budgeted 12.590835 trillion yuan limit. The Central Budget Stabilization Fund had a balance of 267.806 billion yuan, including 150.183 billion yuan in recovered central government carryover funds.
地方一般公共预算收入146681.12亿元，其中，地方一般公共预算本级收入87194.77亿元，比2015年同口径增长7.4%；中央对地方税收返还和转移支付收入59486.35亿元。加上地方财政使用结转结余及调入资金5956.02亿元，收入总量为152637.14亿元。地方一般公共预算支出160437.14亿元，扣除使用结转结余及调入资金后增长7.4%。收支总量相抵，地方财政赤字7800亿元，与预算持平。
Revenue in local government general public budgets reached 14.668112 trillion yuan. This figure consists of 8.719477 trillion yuan in local government revenue, an increase of 7.4 percent over 2015, and 5.948635 trillion yuan in central government tax rebates and transfer payments to local governments. Adding in the additional 595.602 billion yuan of utilized carryover and surplus funds and funds from other sources, this revenue totaled 15.263714 trillion yuan. Expenditures in local government general public budgets totaled 16.043714 trillion yuan, representing an increase of 7.4 percent after deducting utilized carryover and surplus funds and funds from other sources. Total expenditures exceeded total revenue, leaving a local government deficit of 780 billion yuan, which is the same as the budgeted figure.
2、政府性基金预算。
2) Budgets for government-managed funds
全国政府性基金收入46618.62亿元，增长11.9%。加上2015年结转收入249.84亿元和地方政府发行专项债券筹集收入4000亿元，全国政府性基金相关收入总量为50868.46亿元。全国政府性基金相关支出46851.52亿元，增长11.7%。
In 2016, revenue into China’s government-managed funds reached 4.661862 trillion yuan, up 11.9 percent. Adding in the 24.984 billion yuan carried over from 2015 and 400 billion yuan raised by local governments through the issuance of special bonds, this revenue totaled 5.086846 trillion yuan. Expenditures from these funds amounted to 4.685152 trillion yuan, an increase of 11.7 percent.
中央政府性基金收入4178.08亿元，为预算的97.8%，增长2.6%。加上2015年结转收入249.84亿元和地方上解收入7.59亿元，中央政府性基金收入总量为4435.51亿元。中央政府性基金支出3999.98亿元，完成预算的88.5%，下降6.8%。其中，中央本级支出2889.86亿元，对地方转移支付1110.12亿元。中央政府性基金收入大于支出435.53亿元。其中，结转下年继续使用298.5亿元；单项政府性基金结转超过当年收入30%的部分合计110.72亿元，按规定补充预算稳定调节基金；拟由政府性基金预算转列一般公共预算的3个项目结余26.31亿元，2017年调入一般公共预算。
Revenue into central government-managed funds reached 417.808 billion yuan, representing 97.8 percent of the budgeted figure and an increase of 2.6 percent. Adding in the 24.984 billion yuan carried forward from 2015 and the 759 million yuan turned over by local governments, this revenue totaled 443.551 billion yuan. Expenditures from central government-managed funds totaled 399.998 billion yuan, representing 88.5 percent of the budgeted figure and a 6.8 percent decrease. This figure breaks down as central government expenditures of 288.986 billion yuan and transfer payments to local governments totaling 111.012 billion yuan. Revenue into central government-managed funds exceeded expenditures by 43.553 billion yuan. Of this figure, 29.85 billion yuan was carried forward to 2017; 11.072 billion yuan from carryover funds of individual government-managed funds, which exceeded 30 percent of the revenue of their respective funds in 2016, was contributed to the Central Budget Stabilization Fund in accordance with regulations; and 2.631 billion yuan represented surplus funds from the three items to be transferred from government-managed fund budgets into the general public budget in 2017.
地方政府性基金本级收入42440.54亿元，增长12.9%，其中国有土地使用权出让收入37456.63亿元。加上中央政府性基金对地方转移支付收入1110.12亿元和地方政府发行专项债券筹集收入4000亿元，地方政府性基金相关收入为47550.66亿元。地方政府性基金相关支出43961.66亿元，增长13%，其中国有土地使用权出让收入相关支出38405.84亿元。
Revenue into funds managed by local governments reached 4.244054 trillion yuan, an increase of 12.9 percent, of which proceeds from selling state-owned land-use rights accounted for 3.745663 trillion yuan. Adding in the 111.012 billion yuan in transfer payments from central government-managed funds and the 400 billion yuan raised by local governments through the issuance of special bonds, this revenue totaled 4.755066 trillion yuan. Expenditures through local government-managed funds totaled 4.396166 trillion yuan, up 13 percent, which includes 3.840584 trillion yuan in expenditures funded using the proceeds from selling state-owned land-use rights.
3、国有资本经营预算。
(3) Budgets for state capital operations
全国国有资本经营预算收入2601.84亿元，增长2%。全国国有资本经营预算支出2171.46亿元，增长18.2%。
In 2016, budgetary revenue from China’s state capital operations totaled 260.184 billion yuan, up 2 percent, and budgetary expenditures through these operations totaled 217.146 billion yuan, up 18.2 percent.
中央国有资本经营预算收入1430.17亿元，为预算的102.2%，下降11.3%。加上2015年结转收入394.47亿元，收入总量为1824.64亿元。中央国有资本经营预算支出1450.61亿元，完成预算的93.5%，增长28.1%。其中，中央本级支出937.08亿元，对地方转移支付513.53亿元。向一般公共预算调出246亿元。结转下年支出128.03亿元。
Budgetary revenue from central government state capital operations was 143.017 billion yuan, representing 102.2 percent of the budgeted figure and a decrease of 11.3 percent. Adding in the 39.447 billion yuan carried forward from 2015, the revenue totaled 182.464 billion yuan. Budgetary expenditures through these operations reached 145.061 billion yuan, representing 93.5 percent of the budgeted figure and an increase of 28.1 percent. These expenditures consisted of 93.708 billion yuan in central government expenditures and 51.353 billion yuan in transfer payments to local governments. A total of 24.6 billion yuan was transferred into the general public budget. A total of 12.803 billion yuan of budgetary revenue from these operations was carried over to 2017.
地方国有资本经营预算本级收入1171.67亿元，增长24.9%。加上中央国有资本经营预算对地方转移支付收入513.53亿元，收入总量为1685.2亿元。地方国有资本经营预算支出1234.38亿元，增长48.5%。向一般公共预算调出246.91亿元。
Budgetary revenue from the state capital operations of local governments reached 117.167 billion yuan, up 24.9 percent. Adding in the 51.353 billion yuan in transfer payments to local governments through the central government’s state capital operations budget, the revenue totaled 168.52 billion yuan. Budgetary spending through local government state capital operations amounted to 123.438 billion yuan, up 48.5 percent. A total of 24.691 billion yuan was transferred into the general public budget.
4、社会保险基金预算。
4) Budgets for social security funds
全国社会保险基金收入48272.53亿元，为预算的102.4%，增长4.1%。其中，保险费收入35065.86亿元，财政补贴收入11104.34亿元。全国社会保险基金支出43918.94亿元，完成预算的100.9%，增长12.3%。当年收支结余4353.59亿元，年末滚存结余63294.67亿元。
In 2016, revenue into China’s social security funds reached 4.827253 trillion yuan, representing 102.4 percent of the budgeted figure and an increase of 4.1 percent. This revenue includes 3.506586 trillion yuan from insurance premiums and 1.110434 trillion yuan from government subsidies. Expenditures from these funds amounted to 4.391894 trillion yuan, representing 100.9 percent of the budgeted figure and an increase of 12.3 percent. The social security fund surplus for 2016 was 435.359 billion yuan, which was rolled over to make the year-end balance 6.329467 trillion yuan.
此外，按照国务院关于加强财政资金统筹使用的要求，部分地方政府性基金项目转列地方一般公共预算，对应的专项债务余额和限额116.82亿元相应转入一般债务余额和限额，不影响地方政府债务总限额。
In addition, in compliance with the State Council’s requirement to strengthen overall coordination in the use of government funds, a number of items were transferred from local government-managed funds into local government general public budgets and the corresponding outstanding balance of special debt totaling 11.682 billion yuan and the ceiling for this balance were transferred to general debt, leaving the ceiling for local government debt unchanged.
（四）2016年主要支出政策落实情况。
4. Implementation of main policies regarding expenditures in 2016
促进教育发展。统一城乡义务教育学校生均公用经费基准定额。免除普通高中建档立卡等家庭经济困难学生学杂费。支持全面改善贫困地区8万余所义务教育薄弱学校基本办学条件。全面建立中职学校生均拨款制度。落实新的中央高校预算拨款制度。全年8400多万人次享受到国家学生资助政策。
– Education
We established a unified benchmark for public funding per student in China’s compulsory education schools. Eligible students from families with financial difficulties at regular senior secondary schools were exempted from tuition and miscellaneous fees. We funded improvements to basic conditions in more than 80,000 badly built or poorly operated schools providing compulsory education in poor areas. We established a funding system for secondary vocational schools based on student enrollment. We implemented a new budgetary appropriation system for institutions of higher learning directly under the central government. State financial assistance was granted to over 84 million students over the course of last year.
支持科技创新。优化科技支出结构，重点保障公共科技活动，进一步加大基础研究支持力度。完成中央财政科技计划（专项、基金等）优化整合工作。完善稳定支持机制，促进科研院所改革发展。支持系统推进全面创新改革试验和国家自主创新示范区建设。促进科技成果转移转化。
– Scientific and technological innovation
We improved the structure of science and technology expenditures, giving high priority to funding science and technology activities for the public interest, and increasing funding for basic research. We finished improving central government plans, special programs, and funds for funding scientific and technological advancements. We improved the mechanism ensuring stable funding for the reform and development of research institutions. We funded both systematic pilot reforms focused on all-around innovation and the development of national innovation demonstration zones. We funded efforts to promote the transfer and commercialization of scientific and technological achievements.
提高社会保障水平。按6.5%左右的幅度提高了机关事业单位和企业退休人员基本养老金标准。推进居家和社区养老服务改革试点。继续提高全国城乡最低生活保障标准。进一步建立健全特困人员救助供养制度。保障优抚对象等人员各项抚恤待遇落实。支持做好退役士兵安置工作。在全国范围建立困难残疾人生活补贴和重度残疾人护理补贴制度。通过社会保险补贴、职业培训补贴等方式，鼓励企业吸纳就业困难人员，提高劳动者职业技能，增强就业公共服务能力。
– Social security
Basic pension benefits for the retirees of enterprises, Party and government offices, and public institutions were increased by around 6.5 percent. We funded pilot reforms to develop at-home and community-based elderly care. Subsistence allowances for Chinese citizens were increased. We moved forward with the establishment of a sound system for providing assistance to people living in extreme poverty. We worked to ensure entitled groups received their benefits. Support was ensured for the proper settlement of demobilized military personnel. A system was put in place nationwide for granting living allowances to people with disabilities in financial difficulty and nursing subsidies to people with serious disabilities. We provided subsidies for social security programs and vocational training to encourage enterprises to employ those experiencing employment difficulties, to help workers improve their vocational skills, and to provide better public employment services.
深化医药卫生体制改革。城乡居民基本医疗保险财政补助标准由每人每年380元提高到420元。城市公立医院改革试点扩大到200个城市，县级公立医院改革全面推开。支持19万名住院医师规范化培训，启动首批5000名助理全科医生培训。基本公共卫生服务项目年人均财政补助标准由40元提高到45元，继续推动实施疾病预防控制、妇幼健康等重大公共卫生服务项目。
– Reform of the medical and health care system
Annual government subsidies for basic medical insurance for rural and non-working urban residents were increased from 380 to 420 yuan per person. Pilot reforms of urban public hospitals were expanded to 200 cities and reforms were carried out in all county-level public hospitals. We funded the standardized training of 190,000 resident physicians and the first batch of 5,000 assistant general practitioners. Per capita government spending on basic public health services was raised from 40 to 45 yuan per year. We continued to fund major public health service projects to, among other things, prevent and control diseases and provide maternal and child care.
加快现代农业建设。全面推开农业“三项补贴”改革。支持实施500万亩粮改豆和600万亩粮改饲试点，探索实行耕地轮作休耕制度试点。深入开展重金属污染耕地修复及种植结构调整试点，扩大地下水超采区综合治理试点范围。深化重要农产品收储制度改革，将玉米临时收储政策调整为市场化收购加补贴新机制，建立玉米生产者补贴制度，采取多种方式消化政策性粮棉油库存。支持培育新型农业经营体系，新增高效节水灌溉面积2000万亩以上，农业综合开发建设高标准农田2800万亩。扩大农村一二三产业融合发展试点范围，启动扶持村级集体经济发展试点。完成村级公益事业建设一事一议财政奖补项目约30万个。
– Modern agriculture
We provided direct subsidies to grain growers, subsidies for purchasing superior crop varieties, and general subsidies for the purchase of agricultural supplies nationwide. We subsidized trials to shift from growing grain crops to producing soybeans on 333,300 hectares of farmland and from growing grain crops to cultivating feed crops on 400,000 hectares of cultivated land. We also subsidized trials in using systems of crop rotation and fallow land. More funds were made available for trials to restore cultivated land contaminated by heavy metals and adjust the agricultural production mix, as well as trials to deal comprehensively with the over-abstraction of groundwater in more areas.
We deepened reform of the purchase and storage system for important agricultural products. The policy on the temporary purchasing and stockpiling of corn was scrapped in favor of a new mechanism for purchasing corn at market prices plus subsidies, and a system was established for subsidizing corn production. We adopted a broad range of measures to reduce excess policy-supported stockpiles of grain, cotton, and edible oil. We provided support for the initiatives to foster new agricultural operational systems. Thanks to government funding, the area of cropland covered by efficient water-saving irrigation was increased by 1.33 million hectares, and efforts toward comprehensive agricultural development saw the addition of 1.87 million hectares of high-grade cropland. We financed the extension of trials to integrate the development of primary, secondary, and tertiary industries to more rural areas, and to support the development of collective village enterprises. Around 300,000 village-level public works projects launched on the basis of decision making by villagers were completed using government awards and subsidies.
支持生态环保建设。整合设立土壤污染防治专项资金，落实土壤污染防治行动计划。加强大气污染防治，资金安排进一步向燃煤污染控制、工业污染治理等重点领域倾斜。开展水污染防治项目储备库建设，继续安排资金支持重点区域、重点流域水污染防治。启动新一轮草原生态保护补助奖励政策，涉及草原面积38.11亿亩。支持实施新一轮退耕还林还草新增任务1510万亩。落实天然林保护全覆盖政策。支持河北京津冀水源涵养区等4个山水林田湖生态保护和修复工程试点。推动九洲江等4个流域建立横向生态保护补偿机制。支持18个城市开展蓝色海湾整治行动。
– Ecological conservation
Funds for the prevention and control of soil pollution were launched, and funding was made available for implementing the action plan for addressing soil pollution. We allocated more funds for addressing air pollution, with the focus on tackling key areas such as pollution from coal burning and industrial pollution. We continued to develop a reserve of projects for addressing water pollution, making additional funding available for the prevention and control of water pollution in key areas and major drainage basins. We launched a new round of policies to subsidize and reward grassland ecological conservation, covering 254.07 million hectares of grassland. We provided financial support for implementation of a new round of initiatives to turn a further 1.01 million hectares of marginal farmland into forest or grassland. We funded the implementation of the protective policies for all natural forests nationwide. We made funding available for four pilot projects for ecological conservation and restoration including the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Water Source Conservation Area in Hebei Province. Funding was also made available for the establishment of mechanisms for trans-regional and intra-watershed compensation for ecological conservation efforts in four drainage basins including the Jiuzhoujiang River, and for action in the Blue Bay environmental improvement initiative in 18 cities.
加强基本住房保障。支持棚户区改造开工606万套、农村危房改造314万户，均完成年度任务。棚改货币化安置比例达到48.5%，比上年提高18.6个百分点。
– Government support for basic housing
We funded the rebuilding of 6.06 million housing units in rundown urban areas and 3.14 million dilapidated rural houses, meeting the targets for the year for both programs. The proportion of people displaced through such programs who received monetary housing compensation rather than housing reached 48.5 percent, up 18.6 percentage points over the previous year.
推动文化改革发展。支持49871家公益性文化设施向社会免费开放，支持1260个公共体育场馆向社会免费或低收费开放，实施国家重点文物保护项目1791个。鼓励文化产品创作生产，促进文化对外交流与传播。支持中央国有文化企业改革，推动文化事业和文化产业协调发展。
– Reform and development in the cultural sector
We subsidized efforts to keep 49,871 public cultural facilities free to the public and make 1,260 public sports complexes free or inexpensive to public users. We also funded 1,791 programs to protect key national cultural relics. Support was given to encourage the creation and production of cultural products, facilitate cultural exchange with foreign countries, share Chinese culture globally, reform state-owned cultural enterprises directly under the central government, and promote the coordinated development of cultural programs and industries.
以上预算执行的具体情况详见《中华人民共和国2016年全国预算执行情况2017年全国预算（草案）》。
For a more detailed account of budget execution related to the above items, please refer to the Report on the Execution of the 2016 Budgets of the People’s Republic of China and Its 2017 Draft Budgets in Chinese.
总的看，2016年财政运行基本平稳，财政改革发展各项工作取得新成效，促进了经济社会平稳健康发展。这是党中央、国务院坚强领导的结果，是全国人大、全国政协及代表委员们监督指导的结果，是各地区、各部门以及全国各族人民共同努力的结果。
Overall, our fiscal operations in 2016 remained stable and achievements were made in the reform and development of public finance, which gave impetus to steady and sound economic and social development. We owe these achievements to the leadership of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council; to the oversight and guidance of the NPC, deputies to the NPC, the CPPCC National Committee and its members; and to the joint efforts of all regions, government departments, and the Chinese people.
同时，我们清醒地认识到，财政运行和财政工作中还面临一些困难和问题，主要是：在经济下行压力较大的形势下，财政收入增长动力不强，地方财政收入走势分化，一些资源型和传统产业比重大的地区财政收支矛盾加剧，部分基层财政保运转和民生兜底出现困难。财政支出结构不尽合理，部分支出项目形成只增不减的固化格局。有的改革举措没有真正落地，有的改革措施进度偏慢。转移支付管理亟待规范，专项转移支付清理整合没有完全到位，省以下转移支付制度改革进展不平衡。有的地方预决算不透明，财政资金使用不规范、效率不高，资金沉淀多。一些地方落实政府债务管理制度不力，存在违规担保或变相举债问题，地方政府隐性债务风险增大。我们高度重视这些问题，将采取有力措施加以解决。
On the other hand, we are soberly aware of the following main difficulties and problems in our fiscal operations and finance work.
– Within the context of considerable downward pressure on China’s economy, there is a lack of impetus for government revenue growth and the growth prospects of local government revenue are mixed; imbalances in government revenue and expenditures are becoming more pronounced in some regions that are resource-dependent or whose traditional industries have a large share in their respective economies; and some township-level governments are having financial difficulty in keeping themselves operating and meeting people’s basic needs.
– The structure of budgetary spending is not balanced, with spending on some items constantly increasing.
– Some reform measures have not truly been implemented as they should while for others progress has been slow.
– The management of transfer payments is in urgent need of standardization as special transfer payments have yet to be overhauled to full effect, and progress in the reform of the transfer payment systems at and below the provincial level has been patchy.
– In some localities, budgets and final accounts lack transparency, the use of government funds is not in line with standards and ineffective, and more funds are becoming idle.
– Some localities are weak on government debt management and are guarantying debt or making borrowings in breach of regulations, thus increasing the hidden debt-related risks of local governments.
We view these problems as extremely important and will take measures to effectively resolve them.
二、2017年中央和地方预算草案
II. Draft Central and Local Budgets for 2017
2017年是实施“十三五”规划的重要一年，是供给侧结构性改革的深化之年。我国经济发展新常态的特征更加明显，长期向好的基本面没有变，市场活力持续释放，新动能不断成长壮大。同时，世界经济不稳定不确定因素明显增加，国内经济运行仍存在不少突出矛盾和问题。从财政看，增收潜力和减收因素并存，地区间财政收入增长分化将进一步延续，重点领域和刚性支出需求压力较大，收支矛盾仍然十分突出。各级财政要牢固树立过紧日子的思想，大力弘扬艰苦奋斗、勤俭节约的优良作风，把更多财力用在为人民群众谋实事、办好事上。
The year 2017 is an important year for implementing the 13th Five-Year Plan and continuing the supply-side structural reform. The new normal in China’s economic development is becoming more evident, the fundamentals of the Chinese economy remain favorable for long-term growth, market dynamism is being unleashed, and new drivers of development continue to grow. On the other hand, factors causing instability and uncertainty in the global economy are growing markedly, and China’s economy is confronted with many serious problems and difficulties.
On the fiscal front, the potential for increasing revenue exists together with factors that may cause revenue to decline. The divergence between regions in terms of revenue growth will continue. Pressure is mounting from demands for spending in key areas and on inflexible items. The imbalance between revenue and expenditure remains serious. All levels of government must tighten their belts, act as advocates for hard work, plain living, and thrift, and use more financial resources on things that bring tangible benefits to the people.
（一）2017年预算编制和财政工作的指导思想、主要原则。
1. The thinking and principles guiding the preparation of the 2017 budgets and public finance work
根据面临的财政经济形势，2017年预算编制和财政工作的指导思想是：在以习近平同志为核心的党中央领导下，高举中国特色社会主义伟大旗帜，全面贯彻党的十八大和十八届三中、四中、五中、六中全会精神，以邓小平理论、“三个代表”重要思想、科学发展观为指导，深入贯彻习近平总书记系列重要讲话精神和治国理政新理念新思想新战略，统筹推进“五位一体”总体布局和协调推进“四个全面”战略布局，坚持稳中求进工作总基调，牢固树立和贯彻落实新发展理念，适应把握引领经济发展新常态，坚持以提高发展质量和效益为中心，坚持宏观政策要稳、产业政策要准、微观政策要活、改革政策要实、社会政策要托底的政策思路，坚持以推进供给侧结构性改革为主线，适度扩大总需求，加强预期引导，深化创新驱动，财政政策要更加积极有效，大力实施减税降费政策，深入推进财税体制改革，着力构建现代财政制度，进一步树立过紧日子的思想，加大财政支出优化整合力度，保障重点领域支出，统筹盘活财政存量资金，提高财政资金使用效益，严格贯彻预算法，提升依法理财水平，加强地方政府性债务管理，积极防范化解财政风险，促进经济平稳健康发展和社会和谐稳定，以优异成绩迎接党的十九大胜利召开。
Given the fiscal and economic situations we face, the thinking guiding the compilation of this year’s budgets and public finance work is that we need to:
– Follow the leadership of the Party Central Committee with Xi Jinping at its core
– Uphold the great banner of socialism with Chinese characteristics
– Put into practice the guiding principles from the 18th National Party Congress and the third through sixth plenary sessions of the 18th Party Central Committee
– Follow the guidance of the Deng Xiaoping Theory, the Theory of Three Represents and the Theory of Sustainable and Balanced Development
– Put into effect the guiding principles from President Xi Jinping’s major policy addresses and his new concepts, thoughts, and strategies related to the governance of China
– Move ahead with the plan for promoting balanced economic, political, cultural, social, and ecological progress
– Implement the Four-Pronged Comprehensive Strategy*
– Continue to make progress while working to keep performance stable
– Embrace and apply China’s new development philosophy
– Understand, adapt to, and guide the new normal in economic development
– Concentrate on raising the quality and efficiency of growth
– Ensure that macro-level policy maintains economic stability, industrial policy is targeted, micro-level policy injects dynamism into the economy, reform policy delivers results, and social policy sees that basic needs are met
– Focus on advancing supply-side structural reform
– See that aggregate demand is appropriately expanded
– Strengthen guidance over expectations
– Ensure that development is more driven by innovation
– Make fiscal policy more proactive and effective
– Channel serious energy into cutting taxes and fees
– Continue the reform of our fiscal and tax systems
– Work hard to create a modern public finance system
– Tighten our belts
– Step up efforts to improve and integrate government expenditures, ensuring spending in key areas
– See dormant budgetary funds put to good use
– Use government funds to greater effect
– Strictly implement the Budget Law
– Raise capacity for legal compliance in the management of public finance
– Strengthen management over local government debt
– Prevent and defuse fiscal risks
– Promote steady and healthy economic growth and social harmony and stability
This should ensure that we greet the 19th National Party Congress with brilliant achievements.
*To make comprehensive moves to finish building a moderately prosperous society in all respects, deepen reform, advance the law-based governance of China, and strengthen Party self-governance.
贯彻上述指导思想，2017年预算编制着重把握以下原则：第一，大力实施减税降费政策。继续落实和完善营改增等减税降费政策，研究出台新的减税降费措施，进一步减轻企业负担，有效发挥减税降费对经济社会发展的积极效应。第二，深入推进财税体制改革。按照构建现代财政制度的要求，加快理顺中央与地方财政事权和支出责任，合理划分中央与地方收入范围，研究健全地方税体系，推动形成权责利清晰、更加有利于调动中央和地方两个积极性的财税体制。第三，继续调整优化支出结构。在适度扩大支出规模的基础上，改变支出项目只增不减的固化格局，将有限的资金用于重点领域和关键环节，大力压缩一般性支出，更好适应推进供给侧结构性改革和保障民生兜底的需要。第四，统筹盘活财政存量资金。整合政策目标相似、投入方向类同、管理方式相近的专项资金，加大政府性基金预算和国有资本经营预算调入一般公共预算统筹使用的力度。第五，积极防范化解财政风险。将赤字率控制在合理水平，加强政府债务限额管理和预算管理，完善地方政府举债融资和应急处置机制。加大对特困地区和困难省份的支持力度，确保地方财政平稳运行。
In line with this thinking, we make sure the following principles underpin our preparation of the 2017 budgets:
First, cutting taxes and fees
We should continue to implement and improve policies aimed at reducing taxes and fees – including the replacement of business tax with VAT- and introduce new measures to cut taxes and fees, further reducing the burden of businesses and making sure tax and fee cuts have positive effects on economic and social development.
Second, continuing the reform of our fiscal and tax systems
With a view to creating a modern public finance system, we should move faster to improve the way fiscal powers and expenditure responsibilities are shared between the central and local governments, appropriately determine how they share revenue, work on improving local tax systems, and work to establish fiscal and tax systems whereby the powers, responsibilities, and interests of the central and local governments are clearly defined so that full play is given to the initiative of both.
Third, continuing to adjust and improve our spending structure
On the basis of appropriate expenditure increases, we should work toward stopping spending on some items from constantly increasing and make a big push to cut general expenditures so that our limited funds are used for our priorities. We need to better meet the demands of moving ahead with supply-side structural reform and meeting the basic needs of the people.
Fourth, putting idle budgetary funds to use
We should be integrating special funds that share similar policy goals, investment directions, and modes of management, and transfer more funds from budgets for government-managed funds and state capital operations into general public budgets.
Fifth, guarding against and defusing fiscal risks
We need to keep the deficit-to-GDP ratio at a reasonable level, work to impose ceilings on government debt and bring it under budgetary management, and improve mechanisms for local governments to secure financing and respond to debt-related risk emergencies. We need to give stronger financial support to regions with extremely tough conditions and administrative areas at the provincial level facing particular difficulties to ensure steady operations in their public finance.
（二）2017年财政政策。
2. Fiscal policy for 2017
2017年财政政策要更加积极有效。一是继续实施减税降费政策，进一步减轻企业负担。完善营改增试点政策，释放更大减税效应。扩大享受减半征收企业所得税优惠的小微企业范围，年应纳税所得额上限由30万元提高到50万元。科技型中小企业研发费用加计扣除比例由50%提高到75%。继续实施2016年底到期的物流企业大宗商品仓储设施城镇土地使用税等6项税收减免政策。实行上述税收政策，全年再减少企业税负3500亿元左右。全面清理规范政府性基金，取消城市公用事业附加等基金，授权地方政府自主减免部分基金。取消或停征中央涉企行政事业性收费35项，收费项目再减少一半以上，汇总公布中央和地方行政事业性收费目录清单。进一步清理规范经营服务性收费，适当降低“五险一金”有关缴费比例。实行上述降费政策，全年再减少涉企收费约2000亿元。二是赤字率保持在3%，适度扩大支出规模。赤字率保持不变，赤字规模随国内生产总值增长而相应增加。在支持实施减税降费政策的同时，中央和地方财政通过合理安排收入预算、全面盘活存量资金，确保财政支出强度不减且实际支出规模扩大。三是突出保障重点，提高支出的有效性和精准度。新增财力以及调整存量腾出的资金，优先用于支持推进供给侧结构性改革、适度扩大有效需求，加大对基本民生保障和扶贫、农业、教育、生态文明建设等重点领域的投入，使财力进一步向困难地区和基层倾斜，更好发挥财政资金使用效益，增强财政对基本公共服务的保障能力。
Fiscal policy for 2017 will be more proactive and we will work to implement it more effectively.
First, continuing to cut taxes and fees in favor of enterprises
We will improve the policy on trials to replace business tax with VAT, and ensure that tax reductions achieve a greater impact. We will halve corporate income tax for more small and micro businesses by raising annual taxable corporate income threshold from 300,000 to 500,000 yuan. The portion of spending on research and development by small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) that is eligible for tax deductions will be raised from 50 to 75 percent. The reduction and exemption policy on six taxes, including the land use tax on logistics companies renting township land for commodity storage facilities, expired at the end of 2016, but we will continue to implement it this year, which will reduce taxes on enterprises by approximately 350 billion yuan. We will fully overhaul government-managed funds to ensure that they are managed according to standards, cancel funds such as the urban public facility surcharges, and authorize local governments to reduce or waive payments into certain funds. We will cancel or suspend 35 central government administrative charges on enterprises, cutting these charges by another more than 50 percent, and release the lists of central and local government administrative charges to the public. We will further overhaul and exercise standard-based management of business and service fees and charges, and make an appropriate cut in the ratio of enterprise contributions to the old-age insurance, medical insurance, unemployment insurance, workers’ compensation, maternity insurance, and housing provident fund schemes. All told, this will reduce fees and charges on enterprises by around 200 billion yuan this year.
Second, keeping the deficit-to-GDP ratio at 3 percent while moderately expanding spending
We will keep the deficit-to-GDP ratio the same as last year, and allow an increase in the deficit that corresponds to GDP growth. While working to reduce taxes and fees in support of tax credit policies, the central and local governments must use appropriate revenue budgeting and put all dormant budgetary funds to good use to ensure there is no contraction in spending intensity and there is an expansion in real spending.
Third, ensuring fiscal funding for key areas and making government spending more effective and targeted
In using financial resources newly acquired or freed up by adjusting dormant budgetary funds, we will give preference to promoting supply-side structural reform and ensuring effective demand moderately expands. We will increase investment in key areas of work including meeting our people’s basic needs, poverty alleviation, agriculture, education, and promoting ecological progress, and will further slant financial allocations to favor regions facing difficulties as well as counties and townships. We will see that government funds are used more efficiently, and strengthen fiscal capacity to guarantee basic public services.
在实施积极财政政策过程中，着力推进供给侧结构性改革，推动解决结构性供需失衡。继续支持做好钢铁、煤炭行业化解过剩产能过程中职工分流安置工作，按照各地安置职工进度及时拨付专项奖补资金，落实并完善相关支持政策。对职工安置困难较大和财政收支压力大的地区，加大专项奖补资金和就业专项资金倾斜力度。防范化解煤电产能过剩风险。支持深化农业供给侧结构性改革。着力推动提高金融服务实体经济效率，引导更多信贷资金进入实体经济。发挥好工业转型升级专项资金作用，支持智能制造、工业强基、绿色制造和制造业创新中心建设，加快实施《中国制造2025》。支持实施“十三五”国家战略性新兴产业发展规划，促进节能环保、新一代信息技术、高端装备制造等战略性新兴产业发展壮大。加大重大装备首台套推广应用支持力度，将新材料纳入首批次应用保险保费补偿范围。继续安排中小企业发展专项资金，深入开展小微企业创业创新基地城市示范，加快国家中小企业发展基金、国家新兴产业创业投资引导基金投资运行，继续落实固定资产加速折旧、众创空间等税收优惠政策，积极支持大众创业万众创新。深入推进城市地下综合管廊、海绵城市建设试点，改善城镇基础设施。设立服务贸易创新发展引导基金，培育外贸竞争新优势。支持实施“一带一路”建设、京津冀协同发展、长江经济带发展三大战略，促进区域协调发展。
In using financial resources newly acquired or freed up by adjusting dormant budgetary funds, we will give preference to promoting supply-side structural reform and ensuring effective demand moderately expands. We will increase investment in key areas of work including meeting our people’s basic needs, poverty alleviation, agriculture, education, and promoting ecological progress, and will further slant financial allocations to favor regions facing difficulties as well as counties and townships. We will see that government funds are used more efficiently, and strengthen fiscal capacity to guarantee basic public services.
In implementing proactive fiscal policy, we will endeavor to promote supply-side structural reform and give impetus to the resolution of structural imbalances in supply and demand. In our continued support for the resettlement of workers laid off from the iron, steel, and coal industries as overcapacity is cut, we will make awards and subsidies available based on the level of progress being made in resettling workers in different regions and implement and improve related policies. Regions that face bigger difficulties in resettling workers and meeting spending needs will be given greater priority in relation to resettlement awards and subsidies and relevant employment funds. We will work to prevent and defuse risks resulting from overcapacity in the coal and electricity industries.
We will provide financial support for continued agricultural supply-side structural reform. We will strive to see that the financial sector serves the real economy more efficiently, and more credit flows into the real economy. We will fully leverage the role of funds for promoting industrial transformation and upgrading to support smart manufacturing, green manufacturing, initiatives to build robust foundations for industry development, and the development of manufacturing innovation hubs, and to speed up implementation of the Made in China 2025 strategy.
We will make the funds available for implementation of the development plan for China’s strategic emerging industries in the 13th Five-Year Plan period (2016-2020), giving impetus to the growth of strategic emerging industries including energy conservation and environmental protection, next-generation information technology, and high-end equipment manufacturing. We will increase financial support for efforts to popularize application for first sets of key equipment, and will bring new materials under the coverage of insurance subsidies for initial applications of certain products.
We will continue to earmark funds for the development of SMEs and finance the initiative to designate demonstration cities to act as business startup and innovation hubs for small and micro businesses. We will speed up the investment and operations of the National Fund for the Development of Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises and the National Venture Capital Guide Fund for Emerging Industries. We will continue to implement a host of tax credit policies such as those concerning the accelerated depreciation of fixed assets and maker spaces, so as to support business startups and innovations by the general public. We will step up work to pilot the construction of underground urban utility tunnels and the development of sponge cities to improve urban infrastructure. We will set up the Innovative Development Guide Fund for Trade in Services in a bid to cultivate new competitive edges in foreign trade. We will support the implementation of the three key initiatives: the Belt and Road Initiative, the coordinated development of Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei, and the development of the Yangtze River economic belt in order to promote coordinated development between regions.
2017年主要支出政策：
The main policies regarding expenditures in 2017 are as follows:
教育方面。从春季学期开始统一城乡义务教育学生“两免一补”政策，实现“两免一补”和生均公用经费基准定额资金随学生流动可携带。继续开展薄弱学校改造等工作，着力解决农村义务教育发展中存在的突出问题。继续实施学前教育行动计划。支持提升现代职业教育基础能力，促进产教融合、校企合作。提高博士研究生国家助学金补助标准。落实好中央高校预算拨款制度，统筹推进世界一流大学和一流学科建设。进一步聚焦贫困地区和贫困人口，加快推进教育脱贫攻坚。
– Education
From the spring semester, we will introduce a unified policy whereby Chinese students receiving compulsory education are exempted from paying tuition and fees and paying for textbooks and a subsidy will be provided for the living expenses of students from families with financial difficulties. We will also ensure that the funds for these exemptions and subsidies as well as for the public funding benchmark per student are transferred if students change schools. We will continue to provide funding for improving conditions at badly built or poorly operated schools and other initiatives and for addressing the prominent problems in developing rural compulsory education. We will continue to implement the action plan for preschool education. We will provide financial support for infrastructure improvement for modern vocational education, integration between vocational education and industry, and cooperation between colleges and businesses. We will increase government grants for PhD candidates. We will ensure proper implementation of the budgetary appropriation system for central government institutions of higher learning so that efforts are coordinated to develop world-class universities and disciplines. We will provide further funding for moves to combat poverty through developing education with the focus on poor areas and populations.
科技方面。重点支持基础研究、前沿技术研究、社会公益研究、重大共性关键技术研究开发。加强对公益性科研机构（基地）的稳定支持，支持科研院所改革发展，推动科技资源开放共享。推进在重大创新领域组建一批国家实验室。支持实施科技重大专项。推动“科技创新2030－重大项目”启动实施。
– Science and technology
We will give more financial support to basic research, research on cutting-edge technologies, research for the public benefit, and research and development for major generic key technologies. We will strengthen work to ensure stable financial support for public benefit research institutes (centers) and make funds available to facilitate the reform and development of research institutions and promote the open sharing of scientific and technological resources. We will finance efforts to further advance the establishment of a number of national laboratories in important fields of innovation and implement major science and technology projects. We will provide support to the launch of the Programs for Technological Innovation 2030.
社会保障和就业方面。适当提高退休人员基本养老金标准，建立基本养老金合理调整机制。稳步推动基本养老保险制度改革，提高制度覆盖面。在推进各项相关改革工作的基础上，研究制定基本养老保险基金中央调剂制度方案。制定划转部分国有资本充实社保基金实施方案。强化基本养老保险基金收支管理，切实防范基金支付风险。加大统筹社会救助资源力度，科学合理确定城乡最低生活保障标准。完善特困人员救助供养政策。加强困境儿童保障和农村留守儿童关爱保护工作。加强对残疾人事业发展的支持。适时研究调整优抚对象等人员抚恤和生活补助标准。规范开展长期护理保险制度试点。实施更加积极的就业政策，健全就业创业政策措施，着力促进重点群体就业，研究建立终身职业技能培训制度。
– Social security and employment
We will increase basic pension payments for retirees as appropriate and establish a mechanism for making reasonable adjustments to basic pensions. We will take steady steps to reform the basic old-age insurance system and expand its coverage. On the basis of progress in all related reform work, we will establish a central regulation system for basic old-age insurance funds. We will also formulate a plan for the transfer of a portion of state capital into social security funds. We will strengthen management over basic pension fund revenue and expenditures, and take effective measures to guard against payment risks.
We will step up the coordination of resources for social assistance and carefully determine the most appropriate subsistence allowances for Chinese citizens. We will improve our policies for providing assistance to people living in extreme poverty. We will strengthen work to secure the welfare of children living in difficult circumstances and ensure care and protection for children remaining in rural areas while their parents work away. We will strengthen financial support for programs that benefit people with disabilities.
We will adjust subsidies and living allowances for entitled groups at an appropriate time. Well-regulated trials will be carried out to establish long-term care insurance schemes. We will implement more proactive employment policies, improving our policies and measures for promoting employment and startups and doing more to help key groups find employment. We will conduct research on developing a system for life-long vocational skills training.
医疗卫生方面。健全基本医保稳定可持续筹资和报销比例调整机制，坚持适度保障原则，更加注重保大病。将城乡居民基本医疗保险财政补助和个人缴费标准均提高30元，分别达到每人每年450元和180元。加强基本医保基金预算管理，全面推行按病种付费为主、多种付费方式结合的医保支付方式改革，控制医疗费用不合理增长。全面推开公立医院综合改革，完善基层医疗卫生机构运行机制。将基本公共卫生服务项目年人均财政补助标准由45元提高到50元。依法支持中医药事业发展。适应实施全面两孩政策，支持加强生育医疗保健服务。
– Health care
We will improve the mechanisms to ensure stable and sustainable funding for basic medical insurance and to adjust reimbursement rates for medical expenses, uphold the principle that benefit levels must be appropriate, and give particular weight to protection against major diseases. We will increase both annual government subsidies and personal contributions for basic health insurance for rural and non-working urban residents by 30 yuan, bringing the total up to 180 and 450 yuan a year per person, respectively. We will bring basic medical insurance funds under budgetary management and roll out reforms nationwide to the way medical payouts are made, using predominantly payouts according to the type of illness plus multiple other methods, and work to curb any unreasonable growth in medical costs. We will help carry out comprehensive reforms in public hospitals nationwide and improve the operating systems of community-level medical and healthcare institutions. We will raise the basic annual per capita government subsidies for public health services from 45 to 50 yuan. We will support the law-based development of traditional Chinese medicine. Having adopted the policy of allowing all couples to have two children, we will strengthen our maternity medical and healthcare services.
扶贫方面。中央财政安排补助地方专项扶贫资金861亿元，比上年增加200亿元，增长30.3%，用于支持落实精准扶贫、精准脱贫基本方略。统筹安排农业、教育、社保、医疗等领域用于扶贫的资金，进一步加大支持打赢脱贫攻坚战的投入力度，切实发挥政府投入在扶贫开发中的主体和主导作用。加快改善贫困地区基础设施和基本公共服务，加大产业、教育、健康扶贫支持力度。全面推进贫困县涉农资金整合试点。开展扶贫资金专项检查。
– Poverty alleviation
The central government will allocate 86.1 billion yuan to subsidize local poverty reduction, an increase of 20 billion yuan, or 30.3 percent over last year. The funds will be used to support implementation of the fundamental strategy of targeted poverty reduction. We will coordinate the use of funds allocated to fields including agriculture, education, social security, and health care that are earmarked for poverty alleviation; further boost investment in the fight against poverty; and ensure that government investment plays a principal and guiding role in poverty reduction through development. We will speed up work to improve the infrastructure and basic public services in poor areas and step up support for reducing poverty by developing local industries, promoting education, and improving health standards. The integration of different rural development funds will be piloted in poor counties throughout the country. We will carry out inspections on the use of funds for poverty reduction.
农业林业水利方面。落实《建立以绿色生态为导向的农业补贴制度改革方案》，完善农业补贴制度，提高补贴政策指向性和精准性，发展壮大农业新产业新业态。积极稳妥改革粮食等重要农产品价格形成机制和收储制度，坚持并完善稻谷、小麦最低收购价政策，合理调整最低收购价水平，形成合理比价关系；抓好玉米收储制度改革，健全生产者补贴制度；做好政策性粮食和储备棉库存消化工作。调整完善棉花目标价格政策，改进补贴方式。调整大豆目标价格政策。完善粮食主产区利益补偿机制，盘活粮食风险基金。落实“藏粮于地、藏粮于技”战略，发展高效节水灌溉，大规模推进高标准农田建设和土地整治。继续支持开展重金属污染耕地修复及种植结构调整试点，扩大华北地下水超采区综合治理范围。加大对灾后水利薄弱环节建设支持力度。推进粮经饲种植结构调整，发展适度规模经营。加快推进省以下农业信贷担保体系建设和运营。支持森林管护和培育，着力推进国土绿化，着力提高森林质量。完善森林生态效益补偿标准动态调整机制。支持湿地保护修复，促进湿地恢复性增长。深化农村综合改革，推进农垦、国有农场、国有林场林区、供销社改革，发展壮大村集体经济组织。
– Agriculture, forestry, and water conservation
We will implement the Reform Plan for Building an Agricultural Subsidy System Geared Toward Ecological Conservation, improve our system for subsidizing agriculture, ensure subsidy policies are more precise and better targeted, and boost the development of new industries and new forms of business in agriculture.
We will take constructive, steady steps to reform the pricing mechanism and the purchase and storage systems for grain and other important agricultural products; and we will continue and improve the minimum purchase price policy for rice and wheat, making reasonable adjustments to these prices, to enable reasonable parity between prices. We will make sure the reform of the corn purchase and storage system is carried out effectively, and will improve the system for subsidizing corn production. We will work to reduce excess stockpiles of policy-supported grain and cotton. We will adjust and improve the guaranteed base price policy for cotton and improve the way in which the subsidy for cotton production is granted. We will also adjust the guaranteed base price policy for soybeans. We will improve the mechanism for subsidizing major grain-producing areas and work to better utilize risk funds for grain.
We will increase food crop production based on farmland management and the application of technology, develop high-efficiency water-saving irrigation, and significantly scale up the development of high-grade farmland and land improvement. We will continue support for trials to restore cultivated land contaminated by heavy metals and adjust the production mix of agricultural products, and will expand the coverage of work to deal comprehensively with the over-abstraction of groundwater in north China.
We will step up support for post-disaster water conservancy construction in areas in need of attention. We will move forward with adjusting the production mix of food, cash, and fodder crops, and facilitate the development of appropriately scaled-up agricultural operations. We will move faster to make progress in the development and operation of an agricultural credit guaranty system at and below the provincial level. We will support forest protection, management, and cultivation, and step up support for afforestation and forest improvement efforts. We will improve the dynamic mechanism for adjusting compensation for forest management and conservation efforts that produce a positive ecological impact. We will support wetland protection and restoration efforts to encourage the resumption of wetland growth. We will deepen comprehensive reform in rural areas, move ahead with reforms in state farms, farms on reclaimed land, state forestry farms, forestry areas, and rural supply and marketing cooperatives, and develop and strengthen collective village enterprises.
生态环保方面。支持打好大气、水、土壤污染防治三大战役，对重点区域解决燃煤污染等大气污染防治工作实施财政奖补，支持重点流域水污染防治，开展土壤污染详查，强化水、土壤污染防治。加大重点生态功能区转移支付力度。适时启动第二批山水林田湖生态保护和修复工程试点。深入落实新一轮草原生态保护补助奖励政策，支持新一轮退耕还林还草并扩大规模，实施天然林保护全覆盖政策。推进矿产资源权益金制度改革和流域上下游横向生态保护补偿机制建设。推动扩大排污权有偿使用和交易试点范围。支持国家公园体制试点。继续安排新能源汽车补贴，提高技术门槛，完善补贴机制。深入实施节能减排财政政策综合示范。支持煤层气、页岩气、农村水电等清洁能源资源开发利用和成品油质量升级。调整可再生能源发电补贴机制。促进循环经济发展和清洁生产。进一步支持农村环境突出问题综合治理。
– Ecological conservation and environmental protection
We will ensure the support is there for fighting the battle against air, water, and soil pollution. We will provide government awards or subsidies to key regions for efforts to prevent and control air pollution caused by the use of coal or other factors. We will support the prevention and control of water pollution in key water basins and conduct surveys on soil pollution in order to strengthen the prevention and control of water and soil pollution. We will increase transfer payments for key ecological zones. We will act when appropriate to launch the second set of trial projects under the initiative to protect and restore mountain, water, forest and farmland ecosystems. We will fully implement a new round of subsidy and reward policies for grassland ecological conservation, support the new round of initiatives to turn marginal farmland into forest or grassland, expand the coverage of these initiatives, and realize coverage of protective policies for all natural forests. We will move forward with royalty reform for mineral resources and the establishment of a mechanism of intra-river basin compensation for ecological conservation. We will drive the expansion of pilot projects for developing a cap-and-trade system for emissions. We will support trials for the national park system.
We will continue to provide new-energy vehicle subsidies while raising the technological threshold for them and improving the way they are provided. We will ensure thorough implementation of the initiative to demonstrate the integration of fiscal policies for energy conservation and emission reductions. We will support the exploitation and utilization of clean energy resources such as coal seam gas, shale gas, and hydropower in rural areas, as well as the move to improve the quality of refined oil products. We will adjust the mechanism for subsidizing the use of renewable energy for electricity generation. We will also promote the development of a circular economy and clean production. We will give further support for comprehensive measures to address prominent environmental problems in rural areas.
住房保障方面。大力支持棚户区改造，继续推进公租房等保障房及配套设施建设，完善棚改安置和公租房分配方式，推动房地产库存量大的城市提高货币化安置比例。继续推进农村危房改造工作，中央财政补助资金集中用于低保户、农村分散供养特困人员、贫困残疾人家庭和建档立卡贫困户的危房改造，同时适当提高补助标准。
– Government housing support
We will provide strong support for the rebuilding of housing in rundown urban areas, and continue to promote the development of public rental housing and other government-subsidized housing as well as supporting infrastructure development. We will improve the way people displaced by rebuilding initiatives are helped to relocate and the way public rental housing is allocated, and push to see cities with large housing inventory increase the proportion of people receiving monetary housing compensation rather than housing. We will continue to make progress in renovating dilapidated rural housing, and central government subsidy funds will be used primarily for rebuilding unsafe housing for people eligible for subsistence allowances, for individuals who live at home in rural areas in extreme poverty and receive basic assistance, for the families of people with disabilities affected by poverty, and for households registered as living under the poverty line. Subsidies will also be appropriately increased.
文化体育方面。支持地方落实国家基本公共文化服务指导标准。加强文化遗产保护利用，支持实施中华优秀传统文化传承发展工程。促进文艺作品创作生产，推动中华文化走出去。加大公益性文化事业和经营性文化产业资金、资源和政策的统筹力度，努力形成系统综合的财政文化政策体系。改善城乡公共体育设施条件，丰富体育服务供给方式。
– Culture and sports
We will support local governments in their implementation of the national standards to guide the provision of basic public cultural services. We will strengthen support for the protection and proper use of cultural relics, and support the implementation of the initiative to develop and pass on China’s fine cultural traditions. We will support efforts to promote the creation and production of works of literature and art and share Chinese culture with the outside world. We will increase the level of coordination between investments, resources, and policies for nonprofit cultural institutions and for-profit cultural enterprises, working to form a systematic and comprehensive fiscal policy system for the cultural sector. We will also improve the public sports facilities throughout the country and diversify the supply of services in the sports sector.
国防方面。支持深化国防和军队改革，建设同我国国际地位相称、同国家安全和发展利益相适应的巩固国防和强大军队。落实军民融合发展资金保障，推动军民融合深度发展。
– National defense
We will support efforts to deepen the reform of national defense and the armed forces, with the aim of building a solid national defense and strong armed forces that are commensurate with China’s international standing and are suited to our national security and development interests. We will ensure that adequate funds are available to promote further military-civilian development.
支持困难地区财政运转和基本民生兜底方面。继续增加阶段性财力补助规模，并统筹县级基本财力保障机制奖补资金等转移支付，加大对资源能源型和财政困难地区支持力度，兜住保障基本民生的底线。继续加大对革命老区、民族地区、边境地区转移支付力度。
– Fiscal operations and safeguards for basic living standards in regions with acute financial difficulties
We will continue to increase short-term financial subsidies, and coordinate transfer payments to local governments including those for awards and subsidies for implementing the mechanism to ensure the basic financial capacity of county-level governments. We will intensify support to regions that are highly dependent on resources or energy and regions facing fiscal difficulties, and will bolster the safeguards that ensure basic needs are met. We will continue to increase transfer payments to old revolutionary bases, ethnic minority areas, and border areas.
中央基建投资方面。中央基建投资安排5076亿元，进一步优化支出结构，减少对小、散项目投资补助，集中用于易地扶贫搬迁、重大水利工程及灾后水利重建、城市排水排涝设施建设、新一轮农网改造升级、中西部铁路建设、棚户区改造等方面。
– Central investment in infrastructure
The central government will earmark 507.6 billion yuan for investment in infrastructure. The expenditure structure will be further improved, with a reduction in subsidizing small and miscellaneous projects, and a focus on poverty alleviation achieved by helping people living in inhospitable areas to relocate, major water conservancy projects and post-disaster water conservancy reconstruction, the improvement of city drainage facilities, a new round of work to upgrade rural power grids, railway construction in the central and western regions, and the rebuilding of rundown urban areas.
压减一般性支出方面。中央部门带头过紧日子，大力调整和压减中央本级一般性支出，主要包括：一是继续按照只减不增的原则，严格控制“三公”经费预算。压减会议费、培训费、宣传费、咨询费、软课题经费和涉企补助等支出。二是按不低于5%的幅度压减非刚性、非重点项目支出。三是对政策目标已经实现的项目，不再安排预算；对实施环境发生变化的项目，重新核定预算。同时，要求并指导地方财政做好压减一般性支出等工作，坚决反对铺张浪费和大手大脚花钱。
– Cuts in general expenditures
Central departments will take the lead in tightening their belts, with major adjustments and reductions being made to the central government’s regular expenditures. This will include the following.
First, we will continue to strictly limit the budget for spending on official overseas visits, official vehicles, and official hospitality in line with the principle that there should only be cuts, and no increases, to such spending. We will reduce expenditures related to meetings, training, publicity, consultation, “soft” research projects, and enterprise-related subsidies.
Second, expenditures for projects where there is some flexibility and for non-key projects will be cut by a margin not lower than 5 percent.
Third, budgetary appropriations will no longer be provided for projects whose policy goals have already been achieved, and new budgets are required for projects for which the environment for implementation has changed.
At the same time, we will require and guide local governments to ensure their related work, including reducing their general expenditures, is carried out to good effect, and take a firm stand against extravagance, waste, and unrestrained spending.
（三）2017年收入预计和支出安排。
3. Revenue and expenditures for 2017
1、一般公共预算。
1) General public budgets
中央一般公共预算收入78612亿元，比2016年执行数同口径增长3.8%。加上从中央预算稳定调节基金调入1350亿元，从中央政府性基金预算、中央国有资本经营预算调入283亿元，收入总量为80245亿元。中央一般公共预算支出95745亿元，增长6.1%。收支总量相抵，中央财政赤字15500亿元，比2016年增加1500亿元。中央财政国债余额限额141408.35亿元。中央预算稳定调节基金余额1328.06亿元。
Revenue in the central government’s general public budget is expected to reach 7.8612 trillion yuan, an increase of 3.8 percent over the actual figure for 2016. Adding in the 135 billion yuan from the Central Budget Stabilization Fund and the 28.3 billion yuan from the budgets of central government-managed funds and central government state capital operations, revenue for 2017 should total 8.0245 trillion yuan. Expenditures through the central government’s general public budget are projected to reach 9.5745 trillion yuan, an increase of 6.1 percent. Total expenditures are projected to exceed total revenue, leaving a deficit of 1.55 trillion yuan, an increase of 150 billion yuan over last year. The ceiling for the outstanding balance of central government bonds is 14.140835 trillion yuan. The Central Budget Stabilization Fund is projected to carry a balance of 132.806 billion yuan.
中央一般公共预算支出，包括中央本级支出、对地方税收返还、对地方转移支付和中央预备费。
Expenditures in the central government’s general public budget are divided into central government expenditures, tax rebates and transfer payments to local governments, and payments to central government reserve funds.
（1）中央本级支出29595亿元，增长6.5%，比2016年预算增幅（7%）降低0.5个百分点。
(1) Central government expenditures are projected to reach 2.9595 trillion yuan, up 6.5 percent over last year, a drop of 0.5 percentage points over the 7 percent growth rate project for 2016.
（2）对地方税收返还9138亿元。其中，增值税返还7036.43亿元，消费税返还1010.92亿元，所得税基数返还910.19亿元，成品油税费改革税收返还1531.1亿元，同时地方按规定上解的收入冲抵部分税收返还。
(2) Tax rebates are projected to be 913.8 billion yuan. This includes 703.643 billion yuan in VAT rebates, 101.092 billion yuan in excise tax rebates, 91.019 billion yuan in income tax rebates for making up the difference when local government income tax revenue falls short of the figure for 2001, 153.11 billion yuan in tax rebates resulting from the reform of taxes and fees related to refined oil products, and tax rebates on the counterbalance of the revenue turned over by local governments.
（3）对地方转移支付56512亿元，增长7%，比2016年预算增幅（5.6%）提高1.4个百分点，主要是增加均衡性转移支付和困难地区财力补助，以及支持地方加大补短板投入。其中，一般性转移支付35030.49亿元，增长9.5%；专项转移支付21481.51亿元，增长3.1%。一般性转移支付中，均衡性转移支付22308.83亿元，增长8%；老少边穷地区转移支付1832.9亿元，增长19%。继续保障农业、教育、社保、医疗、就业、生态环保、住房保障等重点领域的专项转移支付；进一步清理规范专项转移支付，对部分项目进行归并重组，适当压减部分项目数额。
(3) Transfer payments are projected to amount to 5.6512 trillion yuan, up 7 percent over last year, an increase of 1.4 percentage points over the 5.6 percent projected growth rate for 2016. This is mainly due to increases in transfer payments for equalizing access to basic public services, financial subsidies to poor regions, and investments in helping local governments further strengthen areas of weakness. Of this amount, general transfer payments are projected to come to 3.503049 trillion yuan, up 9.5 percent; and special transfer payments are projected to reach 2.148151 trillion yuan, an increase of 3.1 percent. General transfer payments include 2.230883 trillion yuan in transfer payments for equalizing access to basic public services, up 8 percent, and 183.29 billion yuan in transfer payments to old revolutionary bases, ethnic minority areas, border areas, and poor areas, up 19 percent. We will continue to ensure the coverage of special transfer payments in agriculture, education, social security, medical care, employment, ecological conservation, housing support, and other key areas. We will further overhaul special transfer payments by merging and reorganizing a number of items and appropriately reducing the payment amounts for certain items.
（4）中央预备费500亿元，与2016年预算持平。预备费执行中视情况分别计入中央本级支出和对地方转移支付。
(4) A total of 50 billion yuan is projected for the reserve funds, which is consistent with the budgeted figure for 2016. During the course of implementation, the reserve funds will be counted as central government expenditures or transfer payments to local governments according to conditions.
地方一般公共预算本级收入90018亿元，增长6%。加上中央对地方税收返还和转移支付收入65650亿元、地方财政调入资金800亿元，地方一般公共预算收入总量为156468亿元。地方一般公共预算支出164768亿元，比上年执行数（扣除使用结转结余及调入资金）增长6.2%。地方财政赤字8300亿元，比2016年增加500亿元，通过发行地方政府一般债券弥补。地方政府一般债务余额限额115489.22亿元。
Revenue in local governments’ general public budgets is projected to reach 9.0018 trillion yuan, up 6 percent from last year. Adding in the 6.565 trillion yuan in tax rebates and transfer payments from the central government and the 80 billion yuan transferred from other local sources, this revenue is expected to total 15.6468 trillion yuan. Expenditures in local governments’ general public budgets are projected to be 16.4768 trillion yuan, an increase of 6.2 percent over the actual figure for 2016 after allowing for utilized carryover and surplus funds from last year and funds transferred from other sources. This leaves a deficit of 830 billion yuan, an increase of 50 billion yuan. Local governments will make up for this deficit through the issuance of general bonds. The ceiling for the outstanding balance of local government general bonds will be 11.548922 trillion yuan.
汇总中央和地方预算，全国一般公共预算收入168630亿元，增长5%。加上调入资金2433亿元，收入总量为171063亿元。全国一般公共预算支出194863亿元，比上年执行数（扣除地方使用结转结余及调入资金）增长6.5%。赤字23800亿元，比2016年增加2000亿元。
Revenue in the general public budgets of both the central and local governments is projected to amount to 16.863 trillion yuan, up 5 percent. Adding in the 243.3 billion yuan transferred from other sources, this revenue is expected to total 17.1063 trillion yuan. Government expenditures in China are budgeted at 19.4863 trillion yuan, an increase of 6.5 percent over the actual figure for 2016 after allowing for local governments’ utilized carryover and surplus funds from last year and funds transferred from other sources. This leaves a deficit of 2.38 trillion yuan, an increase of 200 billion yuan over 2016.
上述2017年收支数已含政府性基金预算部分项目转列一般公共预算的收支数。即：从2017年1月1日起，为加强财政资金统筹使用，将新增建设用地土地有偿使用费、南水北调工程基金、烟草企业上缴专项收入等3个项目收支由政府性基金预算转列一般公共预算，在减少政府性基金预算收支的同时，相应调增一般公共预算2017年收支数和2016年收支基数。
The above figures for budgeted revenue and expenditures for 2017 also take into account revenue into and expenditures through government-managed fund budgets that have been transferred into general public budgets: as of January 1, 2017, in order to increase coordination in the use of government funds, the revenue into and expenditures through three government-managed funds-fees for the compensated use of additional land designated for construction projects, South-to-North Water Diversion Project funds, and special use revenue turned over by tobacco companies-have been transferred into general public budgets. While we have reduced budgetary revenue and expenditures for government-managed funds, we have made corresponding increases to the projected revenue and expenditure figures for the 2017 general public budgets as well as to the revenue and expenditure baseline figures for 2016.
2、政府性基金预算。
2) Budgets for government-managed funds
中央政府性基金收入3706.49亿元，增长3.2%。加上上年结转收入298.5亿元，中央政府性基金收入总量为4004.99亿元。中央政府性基金支出4004.99亿元，增长19.2%，主要是使用上年结转资金增加较多。其中，中央本级支出2881.14亿元，增长14.5%；对地方转移支付1123.85亿元，增长33%。
Revenue into central government-managed funds is projected to reach 370.649 billion yuan, up 3.2 percent. Adding in the 29.85 billion yuan carried forward from last year, revenue into central government-managed funds will total 400.499 billion yuan. Expenditures from central government-managed funds are expected to be 400.499 billion yuan, up 19.2 percent, which is mainly due to the increased use of funds carried forward from last year. This figure consists of 288.114 billion yuan in central government expenditures, up 14.5 percent, and 112.385 billion yuan in transfer payments to local governments, up 33 percent.
地方政府性基金本级收入43468.17亿元，增长3.6%。其中，国有土地使用权出让收入38568.62亿元，增长4.3%。加上中央政府性基金对地方转移支付收入1123.85亿元、地方政府专项债务收入8000亿元，地方政府性基金相关收入为52592.02亿元。地方政府性基金相关支出52592.02亿元。其中，国有土地使用权出让收入相关支出46468.72亿元，增长23.4%。地方政府专项债务余额限额72685.08亿元。
Revenue into local government-managed funds is projected to be 4.346817 trillion yuan, up 3.6 percent. This figure includes 3.856862 trillion yuan in proceeds from selling state-owned land-use rights, up 4.3 percent. Adding in the 112.385 billion yuan in transfer payments from central government-managed funds and the 800 billion yuan of revenue generated from special local government debt, revenue into local government-managed funds is projected to total 5.259202 trillion yuan. Expenditures through local government-managed funds are expected to total 5.259202 trillion yuan. This includes 4.646872 trillion yuan funded using proceeds from selling state-owned land-use rights, up 23.4 percent. The balance of outstanding special debt of local governments is projected to be no more than 7.268508 trillion yuan.
汇总中央和地方预算，全国政府性基金收入47174.66亿元，增长3.6%。加上上年结转收入298.5亿元和地方政府专项债务收入8000亿元，全国政府性基金相关收入总量为55473.16亿元。全国政府性基金相关支出55473.16亿元，增长21.3%。
Revenue into the government-managed funds in both central and local government budgets is projected to be 4.717466 trillion yuan, an increase of 3.6 percent. Adding in the 29.85 billion yuan carried forward from last year and the 800 billion yuan of revenue generated from special local government debt, this revenue is projected to be 5.547316 trillion yuan. Expenditures through these funds are projected to reach 5.547316 trillion yuan, up 21.3 percent.
需要说明的是，2017年新增建设用地土地有偿使用费等3个项目收支由政府性基金预算转列一般公共预算，比较时对2016年基数作了调减，上述增幅仍为可比口径。
It should be noted that in 2017 the revenue and expenditures for three items, including fees for the compensated use of additional land designated for construction projects, will be transferred from government-managed fund budgets into general public budgets. We have accordingly deducted the figures for 2016 so that the level of growth for these items is calculated on a comparable basis.
3、国有资本经营预算。
3) Budgets for state capital operations
2017年进一步健全国有资本经营预算制度，优化支出结构。中央企业国有资本收益收取比例暂保持不变，将中央国有资本经营预算调入一般公共预算统筹使用的比例由19%提高至22%。中央国有资本经营预算支出主要用于推进供给侧结构性改革、解决国有企业历史遗留问题、加快深化国企改革等方面。
In 2017, we will strive to further refine the budgeting system for state capital operations and improve the structure of expenditures. The proportion of profits from the operations of central government enterprises that should be turned over to the central government will be kept unchanged for now, and the proportion of funds allocated from the budgets of the state capital operations of the central government to its general public budget will be raised from 19 to 22 percent. Budgetary expenditures through central government state capital operations will be primarily used to promote supply-side structural reform, address the longstanding problems of SOEs, and deepen SOE reform.
中央国有资本经营预算收入1290亿元，下降9.8%，主要是石油石化、电力等行业企业经济效益下滑。加上上年结转收入128.03亿元，中央国有资本经营预算收入总量为1418.03亿元。中央国有资本经营预算支出1161.03亿元，下降20%，主要是使用上年结转资金减少较多。其中，中央本级支出1047.03亿元，增长11.7%；对地方转移支付114亿元，下降77.8%。向一般公共预算调出257亿元，增长4.5%。
Budgetary revenue from the state capital operations of the central government is projected to be 129 billion yuan, down 9.8 percent. This decrease comes primarily from lower than expected enterprise profits in the petroleum, petrochemical, and electricity industries. Adding in the 12.803 billion yuan carried forward from last year, budgetary revenue from central government state capital operations is projected to total 141.803 billion yuan. Budgetary expenditures through these operations are expected to be 116.103 billion yuan, down 20 percent, which is mainly due to a reduction in the use of funds carried forward from last year. Of this, 104.703 billion yuan is to be spent at the central level, an increase of 11.7 percent, and 11.4 billion yuan is to be transferred to local governments, a decrease of 77.8 percent. A projected 25.7 billion yuan will be transferred into the general public budget, up 4.5 percent.
地方国有资本经营预算本级收入1048.3亿元，下降10.5%。加上中央国有资本经营预算对地方转移支付收入114亿元，地方国有资本经营预算收入1162.3亿元。地方国有资本经营预算支出914.3亿元，下降25.9%。向一般公共预算调出248亿元。
Budgetary revenue from the state capital operations of local governments is projected to be 104.83 billion yuan, down 10.5 percent from last year. Adding in the 11.4 billion yuan of transfer payments from the budgets of central government state capital operations, budgetary revenue into local government state capital operations is projected to total 116.23 billion yuan. Budgetary expenditures through local government state capital operations are estimated to be 91.43 billion yuan, down 25.9 percent. A projected 24.8 billion yuan is to be allocated to local government general public budgets.
汇总中央和地方预算，全国国有资本经营预算收入2338.3亿元，下降10.1%。加上上年结转收入128.03亿元，全国国有资本经营预算收入总量为2466.33亿元。全国国有资本经营预算支出1961.33亿元，下降9.7%。向一般公共预算调出505亿元。
Revenue in the state capital operation budgets of both the central and local governments is projected to be 233.83 billion yuan, down 10.1 percent. Adding in the 12.803 billion yuan carried over from last year, this revenue is projected to total 246.633 billion yuan. Budgetary expenditures through state capital operations of both the central and local governments are expected to be 196.133 billion yuan, down 9.7 percent. A projected 50.5 billion yuan will be transferred into general public budgets.
4、社会保险基金预算。
4) Budgets for social security funds
全国社会保险基金收入51786.72亿元，增长7.3%。其中，保险费收入36907.98亿元，财政补贴收入12595.97亿元。全国社会保险基金支出48450.5亿元，增长10.3%。本年收支结余3336.22亿元，年末滚存结余66630.89亿元。
Revenue into China’s social security funds is projected to be 5.178672 trillion yuan, up 7.3 percent. This includes 3.690798 trillion yuan in insurance premiums and 1.259597 trillion yuan in government subsidies. Expenditures through China’s social security funds are expected to total 4.84505 trillion yuan, up 10.3 percent. With a projected surplus of 333.622 billion yuan this year, the year-end balance is expected be 6.663089 trillion yuan after the balance from 2016 has been rolled over.
需要说明的是，地方预算由地方各级人民政府编制，报同级人民代表大会批准，目前尚在汇总中，本报告中地方收入预计数和支出安排数均为中央财政代编。
It should be noted that as local budgets are formulated by local people’s governments and submitted for approval to the people’s congresses at their respective levels, the relevant data is still in the process of being compiled. As such, the above-mentioned projected figures for local revenue and expenditures have been compiled by the central finance authorities.
以上预算具体安排详见《中华人民共和国2016年全国预算执行情况2017年全国预算（草案）》。
For a more detailed account of the budgets arrangements related to the above items, please refer to the Report on the Execution of the 2016 Budgets of the People’s Republic of China and Its 2017 Draft Budgets in Chinese.
根据预算法规定，预算年度开始后，在全国人民代表大会批准本预算草案前，可安排下列支出：上年度结转支出；参照上年同期的预算支出数额安排必须支出的本年度部门基本支出、项目支出，以及对下级政府的转移性支出；法律规定必须履行支付义务的支出，以及用于自然灾害等突发事件处理的支出。根据上述规定，2017年1月中央一般公共预算支出9845亿元。其中，中央本级支出1657亿元，对地方税收返还和转移支付8188亿元。
In accordance with the Budget Law, after the beginning of a new budget year and prior to the approval of these draft budgets by the NPC, arrangements may be made for the following expenditures:
– carryover expenditures from the previous financial year
– basic expenditures and program expenditures of government departments and transfer payments to lower-level governments that must be made in the current year, after referring to the amount of budgetary expenditures for the corresponding period over the previous year
– expenditures mandated by law
– expenditures for dealing with natural disasters and other emergencies
In accordance with the above stipulations, in January 2017, expenditures in the central government’s general public budget totaled 984.5 billion yuan, which consists of 165.7 billion yuan spent at the central level and 818.8 billion yuan in tax rebates and transfer payments made to local governments.
三、切实做好2017年财政改革发展工作
III. Fiscal Reform and Development in 2017
（一）加强和改善财政宏观调控，促进实现经济增长预期目标。
1. Tightening and improving macro-fiscal control to help achieve China’s objectives for economic growth
综合运用各种财政政策工具，加强与货币、产业等政策的协调配合，更好发挥政策的协同组合效应。发挥财政政策导向作用，创新财政资金使用方式，充分调动企业和个人积极性，充分发挥中央和地方两个积极性。加强对设立政府投资基金、推广运用政府和社会资本合作（PPP）模式的规范管理，有效发挥拉动社会投资的作用。改善预期管理，主动与市场主体互动沟通，听取市场主体合理诉求，及时完善政策措施。加强政策信息公开，提高政策透明度，向市场主体传递明确的政策信号。提高政策执行力，确保减税降费等各项政策效应充分释放，增强人民群众和市场主体的获得感。
A combination of various fiscal policy instruments will be employed, their coordination with monetary and industrial policies will be strengthened, and policies will be made to work better together. We will see that fiscal policies play a guiding role, and will create new ways of using government funds to fully stimulate the enthusiasm of enterprises and individuals and of the central and local authorities. We will strengthen standardized management over the establishment of government investment funds and the wider application of PPP to see that they effectively play their role in encouraging investment from non-government sources. We will better manage expectations, take the initiative to communicate with market entities, and listen to their reasonable demands in order to promptly improve policies and measures. We will work to increase open access to information on policies and increase policy transparency to ensure we are sending clear policy signals to market players. We will work to make policies more implementable and ensure that the intended effect of policies such as cutting taxes and fees is fully unleashed and that individuals and market entities have a stronger sense of benefit.
（二）深入推进财税体制改革，加快建立现代财政制度。
2. Continuing fiscal and taxation reforms to accelerate the establishment of a modern fiscal system
完善预算管理制度。出台修订后的预算法实施条例。加大预决算公开力度，着力打造阳光财政。深化预算绩效管理改革，逐步将绩效管理范围覆盖所有预算资金。清理整合专项转移支付，继续清理涉企专项资金，完善转移支付分配办法，强化转移支付监管，努力解决项目交叉重复、资金跑冒滴漏等问题。深化部门预算改革，加大推动中央部门项目库建设力度，进一步细化预算编制，提高年初预算到位率。组织实施好支出经济分类科目改革试点、政府财务报告编制试点，加快完善政府会计准则制度体系。推进财政体制改革。推动中央与地方财政事权和支出责任划分改革。加快制定中央与地方收入划分总体方案。健全支持农业转移人口市民化的财政政策体系，扎实推进以人为核心的新型城镇化。深化税收制度改革。落实和完善全面推开营改增试点政策，简化增值税税率结构，由四档税率简并至三档，营造简洁透明、更加公平的税收环境。研究提出健全地方税体系方案。继续深化资源税改革，扩大水资源税改革试点范围。按照落实税收法定原则的要求，抓紧制定烟叶税、船舶吨税、耕地占用税等税法草案，积极推进其他税种立法相关工作。制定环境保护税法实施条例。制定个人收入和财产信息系统建设总体方案。加快推进政府和社会资本合作领域立法进程。
The budget management system will be improved. We will introduce the revised regulations on the implementation of the Budget Law. We will do more to release budgets and final accounts and improve transparency in public finance. We will continue working on the reform to introduce budget performance administration, taking gradual steps to see that all budgetary funds are brought under performance administration.
We will review and integrate special transfer payments, continue to review enterprise-related special funds, improve the way transfer payments are allocated, strengthen their supervision and oversight, and work hard to ensure that there is no overlapping of projects and no misuse or wasting of funds.
We will deepen the reform to introduce departmental budgets, step up efforts to ensure that central CPC and government departments build project databases, see that budgets are being worked out in greater detail, and make more funds for budgetary items available at the start of the year. We will organize the implementation of pilot reforms to make budgets detailed down to the specific economic category and to prepare government financial statements, and move faster to improve principles on government accounting.
We will carry out reform of the fiscal system and of the way fiscal powers and expenditure responsibilities are shared between the central and local governments. We will move faster to develop a plan on how revenues are to be shared between the central and local governments. We will improve the system of fiscal policies that support the granting urban residency to people with rural household registration living in urban areas and make solid progress in new urbanization which places people at the core.
We will continue working on the reform of the tax system. We will improve and implement the trials to replace business tax with VAT in all sectors of society, and simplify the structure of VAT rates by cutting the number of tax brackets from four to three in order to make the taxation environment more simple, transparent, and equitable. A plan will be drawn up to improve our local tax systems. We will continue to deepen reforms to develop resource taxes and will pilot water resource tax in more areas. In accordance with the principle of tax legality, we will lose no time in preparing the drafts of the tobacco leaf tax law, the tonnage tax law, and the tax law on farmland used for nonagricultural purposes, and we will actively work for progress in legislative work on other taxes. We will formulate regulations on the implementation of the Environmental Protection Tax Law. We will draw up a plan for building an individual income and property database. We will help to accelerate legislation on public-private partnerships.
（三）加强预算执行管理，确保完成年度预算任务。
3. Improving management of budget implementation to ensure annual budgets are fulfilled
密切跟踪收入预算执行情况，加强分析研判，及时有效应对。坚持依法征税，坚决防止和纠正收取“过头税”以及虚增财政收入的行为。落实预算法要求，提高转移支付提前下达比例，及时批复中央部门预算和对地方转移支付预算。硬化预算约束，严格控制预算调整事项，年度预算执行中除救灾等应急支出以及党中央、国务院新批准的重大事项外，原则上不再追加预算。对于预算执行进度缓慢或预计年内难以执行的项目，及时调整资金用途，避免资金沉淀。加大财政资金统筹力度，取消一般公共预算中一些以收定支、专款专用的规定，对地区和部门结余资金及连续两年未用完的结转资金按规定收回统筹使用。建立国债发行与库款管理统筹机制，合理安排地方政府债券发行节奏，保持库款合理规模。深化国库集中收付制度改革，科学拨付和调度资金，提高财政资金运行效率。
The implementation of revenue budgets will be closely followed, analysis of the way implementation is going will be strengthened, and responses will be swift and effective. We will work to ensure that taxes are collected in accordance with the law, and work resolutely to prevent and correct the unlawful collection of tax and accounting tricks that boost revenue on paper.
To comply with the Budget Law, we will increase the proportion of transfer payments made available to local governments early enough for them to be included in local budgets, and promptly process the budgets of central Party and government departments and the budgets for transfer payments to local governments.
We will make budgets more binding, ensure budget adjustment is minimized, and in principle, will not make extra budgetary funds available during the budget cycle with the exception of emergency expenditures such as those through disaster relief funds and on items approved by the CPC Central Committee and the State Council. If the progress being made in budget implementation for a project is too slow or it becomes apparent a project cannot be completed during the cycle, the use of allocated funds will be promptly altered to avoid funds remaining idle.
We will strengthen unified management of budgetary funds, by removing rules on general public budgets related to expenditures being based on revenue and designated funds being limited to use for fixed purposes and by working in accordance with regulations to restore to the treasury for unified use both the surplus funds of localities and departments and those funds carried forward for two consecutive years. We will establish a mechanism for achieving coordination in the issuance of treasury bonds and the management of the balance in the treasury, ensure that local-government bonds are issued at the right pace, and maintain an appropriate balance in the treasury. We will deepen reform to introduce a system for the treasury’s centralized revenue collection and expenditure payments, ensure proper allocation and transfer of funds, and put government funds to better use.
（四）进一步强化财政管理，保障财政资金安全、规范、高效使用。
4. Improving fiscal management and ensuring the secure and effective use of government funds in accordance with standards
完善权责管理制度，努力形成有权必有责、用权必担责、滥权必追责的制度安排。建立健全财经管理法规中有关审批责任追究制度。完善资金分配内控制度和监管机制，加快建立事前事中事后的全流程监管体系，实现“审批到哪里，监督问责到哪里”。加快财政部驻各地专员办工作转型，实质性嵌入预算管理，强化转移支付资金编报审核、执行监控和绩效评价，不断提升监管成效。深入推进财政系统内部控制建设，狠抓制度执行，有效防范业务风险和廉政风险。开展财政管理专项整治行动，加强资金管理使用的监督检查，严肃财经纪律，强化基层财政管理。
The system for managing power and responsibility will be improved, forming institutions which ensure that power comes with responsibility, the use of power comes with accountability, and all who abuse power are held to account. We will establish, as prescribed in financial and economic management regulations, a robust accountability system for examination and approval. We will improve the internal control system and supervision mechanism for the allocation of funds, and accelerate the establishment of an oversight system for all stages of operations from beginning to end to ensure that every aspect of examination and approval is subject to oversight and accountability. We will move faster to see a transformation in the way all representative offices of China’s Ministry of Finance work, making them substantively involved in budget management, strengthening the arrangement and examination of transfer payment funds and oversight and performance evaluation on implementation, and constantly improving the effectiveness of oversight.
We will work to see internal control strengthened in departments of finance, get stricter in ensuring institutions are implemented, and effectively prevent risk in fiscal activity and risks to clean government. We will improve public finance management. We will strengthen oversight and inspections on the management and use of funds, tighten up financial discipline, and improve financial management at the county and township levels.
（五）加强地方政府性债务管理，有效防范财政风险。
5. Strengthening management of local government debt to effectively prevent financial risks
把防控地方政府债务风险放在更为重要的位置。严格执行预算法和国务院有关文件规定，强化地方政府债务限额管理、预算管理，加大发行地方政府债券置换存量债务工作力度，加强对地方落实债务管理制度情况的监督。依法界定地方政府债务边界，指导省级政府及时妥善化解地方其他相关债务风险。健全统计监测体系，研究将融资平台公司债务、中长期政府支出事项纳入统计监测范围，摸清风险隐患。督促省级政府制定本地区地方政府性债务风险事件应急处置预案，及时实施风险评估和预警，做到风险事件早发现、早报告、早处置。实施跨部门联合监管，依法加大对违法违规举债融资行为的查处和问责力度。完善地方政府专项债券管理，加快按照地方政府性基金收入项目分类发行专项债券步伐，着力发展实现项目收益自求平衡的专项债券品种，同步研究建立与专项债券对应的资产统计制度。
Higher priority will be given to preventing and controlling local government debt risks. We will implement the Budget Law and the relevant documents of the State Council to the letter, do better in imposing ceilings for local government debt and incorporating this debt into budgets, step up work to see local government bonds being issued to replace outstanding debt, and strengthen oversight over local implementation of the debt management system. We will delineate the boundaries of local government debt in accordance with the law and guide provincial-level governments to quickly and effectively defuse other risks related to local government debt. We will improve statistical and monitoring systems, study the possibility of integrating the debt of financing platform companies and medium- and long-term government expenditures into the scope of statistics and monitoring, and draw back the veil on hitherto hidden risks. We will urge provincial-level governments to develop local contingency plans for handling matters of exigency linked to local-government debt risk and to promptly undertake risk evaluations and ensure early warnings so that instances of risk are discovered, reported, and handled as soon as they emerge.
We will encourage departments to exercise joint oversight and supervision, and step up work on investigating and dealing with illegal bond issuance and hold those responsible to account. We will improve the management of local governments’ special debt, move faster to see special bonds being issued according to item classification of the revenue into local government-managed funds, work to develop special bonds that can strike a balance between revenue and expenditures, and at the same time establish an asset statistical system in response to special bonds.
各位代表，今年将召开党的十九大，是党和国家事业发展中具有重要意义的一年。我们要更加紧密地团结在以习近平同志为核心的党中央周围，高举中国特色社会主义伟大旗帜，自觉接受全国人大的监督，虚心听取全国政协的意见和建议，奋发进取，真抓实干，认真做好财政预算各项工作，促进经济平稳健康发展和社会和谐稳定，以优异成绩迎接党的十九大胜利召开。
Esteemed Deputies,
The coming year is of great significance for the development of the cause of CPC and the country because the Party will hold its 19th National Congress. We must rally more closely around the CPC Central Committee with Xi Jinping at its core, hold high the great banner of socialism with Chinese characteristics, consciously accept the oversight of the NPC, solicit the comments and suggestions of the CPPCC National Committee, strive to do solid work, carry out all fiscal and budgetary work to good effect, promote steady and healthy economic development and social harmony and stability, and greet the CPC’s 19th National Congress with outstanding achievements.
