中国共产党第十八届四中全会公报（中、英、法、日、俄、德、西、阿文版）

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中国共产党十八届四中全会公报

Communiqué of the Fourth Plenary Session of the 18th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China

2014年10月23日

October 23, 2014

中国共产党第十八届中央委员会第四次全体会议，于2014年10月20日至23日在北京举行。

The Fourth Plenary Session of the 18th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (CPC) was held in Beijing from October 20 to 23, 2014.

出席这次全会的有，中央委员199人，候补中央委员164人。中央纪律检查委员会常务委员会委员和有关方面负责同志列席了会议。党的十八大代表中部分基层同志和专家学者也列席了会议。

The session was attended by 199 members and 164 alternate members of the Central Committee. Members of the Standing Committee of the CPC Central Commission for Discipline Inspection and other leaders concerned were present at the session in a non-voting capacity, as were some community-level colleagues who had acted as delegates to the 18th National Party Congress, as well as experts and scholars.

全会由中央政治局主持。中央委员会总书记习近平作了重要讲话。

The session was presided over by the Political Bureau of the Central Committee. Xi Jinping, General Secretary of the Central Committee, spoke at the session.

全会听取和讨论了习近平受中央政治局委托作的工作报告，审议通过了《中共中央关于全面推进依法治国若干重大问题的决定》。习近平就《决定（讨论稿）》向全会作了说明。

Participants at the session listened to and deliberated over the report on the work of the Political Bureau of the Central Committee presented by Xi Jinping on the bureau’s behalf. They also examined and approved the Resolution of the CPC Central Committee on Certain Major Issues Concerning Comprehensively Advancing the Law-Based Governance of China after Xi Jinping had presented an explanation on the draft of this resolution at the session.

全会充分肯定党的十八届三中全会以来中央政治局的工作。一致认为，党的十八届三中全会以来，国际形势错综复杂，国内改革发展任务极为繁重，中央政治局全面贯彻党的十八大和十八届一中、二中、三中全会精神，高举中国特色社会主义伟大旗帜，以邓小平理论、“三个代表”重要思想、科学发展观为指导，深入贯彻习近平总书记系列重要讲话精神，团结带领全党全军全国各族人民，统筹国内国际两个大局，牢牢把握稳中求进工作总基调，保持战略定力，以全面深化改革推动各项工作，注重从思想上、制度上谋划涉及改革发展稳定、内政外交国防、治党治国治军的战略性、全局性、长远性问题。中央政治局适应经济发展新常态，创新宏观调控思路和方式，积极破解经济社会发展难题，着力保障和改善民生，基本完成党的群众路线教育实践活动，坚定不移反对腐败，有效应对各种风险挑战，各方面工作取得新成效，党和国家事业发展打开新局面。

Participants at the session fully affirmed the work that the Political Bureau of the Central Committee has carried out since the Third Plenary Session of the 18th Central Committee. They agreed unanimously that since that third plenary session, faced with a complicated international situation and the onerous tasks of domestic reform and development, the Political Bureau has been fully implementing the guiding principles of the 18th National Party Congress and the first, second, and third plenary sessions of the 18th Central Committee; holding high the great banner of socialism with Chinese characteristics; taking Deng Xiaoping Theory, the important thought of Three Represents, and the Scientific Outlook on Development as its guide; and thoroughly implementing the guiding principles from major speeches by General Secretary Xi Jinping.

It has united and led the entire Party, the whole military, and the Chinese people of all ethnic groups, undertaken coordinated planning on both the international and domestic scenes, and firmly adhered to the general work guideline of making progress while ensuring stability. It has maintained strategic composure, and has been comprehensively deepening reform to give impetus to all its work. From the perspective of both the way of thinking and institutions, it has worked hard in its planning on strategic and long-term issues as well as issues that affect the whole picture concerning reform, development, and stability; domestic and foreign affairs and national defense; and the governance of the Party, the country, and the military.

To adjust to the new normal in China’s economic development, the Political Bureau has created new ways of thinking and methods for regulating at the macro level, worked to solve problems hindering economic and social development, and strived to provide safeguards for and improve the people’s standard of living. It has also basically completed the campaign to heighten awareness of and implement the Party’s mass line, remained committed to fighting corruption, and responded effectively to all kinds of risks and challenges. It has thus made fresh progress in all its work and ushered in a new stage of development for the cause of the Party and country.

全会高度评价长期以来特别是党的十一届三中全会以来我国社会主义法治建设取得的历史性成就，研究了全面推进依法治国若干重大问题，认为全面建成小康社会、实现中华民族伟大复兴的中国梦，全面深化改革、完善和发展中国特色社会主义制度，提高党的执政能力和执政水平，必须全面推进依法治国。

Those at the session gave a positive appraisal of the historic achievements China has made in developing socialist rule of law over the years, especially since the Third Plenary Session of the 11th Central Committee. Participants at the session examined certain major issues concerning comprehensively advancing the law-based governance of China. They maintained that it is essential to comprehensively advance the law-based governance of the country in order to finish building a moderately prosperous society in all respects, realize the Chinese Dream of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation, comprehensively deepen reform, improve and develop socialism with Chinese characteristics, and improve the Party’s capacity for and adeptness at governance.

全会提出，面对新形势新任务，我们党要更好统筹国内国际两个大局，更好维护和运用我国发展的重要战略机遇期，更好统筹社会力量、平衡社会利益、调节社会关系、规范社会行为，使我国社会在深刻变革中既生机勃勃又井然有序，实现经济发展、政治清明、文化昌盛、社会公正、生态良好，实现我国和平发展的战略目标，必须更好发挥法治的引领和规范作用。

It was noted at the session that, facing the new situation and new tasks, it is imperative to have the rule of law play a greater role in leading and standardizing our practices in order to help our Party to do better in conducting coordinated planning on both the international and domestic scenes; safeguarding and utilizing this important period of strategic opportunities for China’s development; and pooling together all energies of society, balancing interests in society, coordinating social relations, and standardizing social behavior, so that as Chinese society is undergoing profound changes it is both full of life and vibrancy and in good order, and so that China enjoys economic development, political integrity, cultural prosperity, social justice, and a healthy ecology, and attains its strategic goal of peaceful development.

全会强调，全面推进依法治国，必须贯彻落实党的十八大和十八届三中全会精神，高举中国特色社会主义伟大旗帜，以马克思列宁主义、毛泽东思想、邓小平理论、“三个代表”重要思想、科学发展观为指导，深入贯彻习近平总书记系列重要讲话精神，坚持党的领导、人民当家作主、依法治国有机统一，坚定不移走中国特色社会主义法治道路，坚决维护宪法法律权威，依法维护人民权益、维护社会公平正义、维护国家安全稳定，为实现“两个一百年”奋斗目标、实现中华民族伟大复兴的中国梦提供有力法治保障。

It was stressed at the session that in comprehensively advancing the law-based governance of the country, we must implement the guiding principles of the 18th National Party Congress and the Third Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee; hold high the great banner of socialism with Chinese characteristics; take Marxism-Leninism, Mao Zedong Thought, Deng Xiaoping Theory, the important thought of Three Represents, and the Scientific Outlook on Development as our guide; and thoroughly implement the guiding principles from major speeches by General Secretary Xi Jinping.

We must remain committed to the integration of the leadership of the Party, the position of the people as masters of the country, and the law-based governance of the country; keep firmly to the path of socialist rule of law with Chinese characteristics; resolutely uphold the authority of the Constitution and laws; use the law to safeguard the rights and interests of the people, protect social equity and justice, and defend national security and stability; and thus, through the rule of law, provide a powerful guarantee for achieving the Two Centenary Goals and realizing the Chinese Dream of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.

全会提出，全面推进依法治国，总目标是建设中国特色社会主义法治体系，建设社会主义法治国家。这就是，在中国共产党领导下，坚持中国特色社会主义制度，贯彻中国特色社会主义法治理论，形成完备的法律规范体系、高效的法治实施体系、严密的法治监督体系、有力的法治保障体系，形成完善的党内法规体系，坚持依法治国、依法执政、依法行政共同推进，坚持法治国家、法治政府、法治社会一体建设，实现科学立法、严格执法、公正司法、全民守法，促进国家治理体系和治理能力现代化。实现这个总目标，必须坚持中国共产党的领导，坚持人民主体地位，坚持法律面前人人平等，坚持依法治国和以德治国相结合，坚持从中国实际出发。

It was made clear at the session that our overall objective in comprehensively advancing the law-based governance of the country is the establishment of a socialist rule of law system with Chinese characteristics and the building of a socialist rule of law country. This means that under the CPC’s leadership, we need to uphold socialism with Chinese characteristics; put into practice the theory of socialist rule of law with Chinese characteristics; form a complete system of laws and regulations, a highly effective system to ensure the rule of law is put into effect, a stringent system to oversee the implementation of the rule of law, and a robust system to guarantee the rule of law; put in place a well-defined system of Party rules and regulations; make coordinated efforts to promote law-based governance, law-based exercise of state power, and law-based administration of government; adopt a holistic approach to the development of a rule of law country, government, and society; ensure that a scientific approach is taken to legislation, that law is enforced strictly, that justice is administered impartially, and that the law is observed by everyone; and modernize our country’s governance system and capacity for governance.

To reach this overall objective, we must adhere to the leadership of the CPC, uphold the people’s principal position in the country, ensure that everyone is equal before the law, combine the rule of law with the rule of virtue, and base all we do on the actual situation in China.

全会强调，党的领导是中国特色社会主义最本质的特征，是社会主义法治最根本的保证。把党的领导贯彻到依法治国全过程和各方面，是我国社会主义法治建设的一条基本经验。我国宪法确立了中国共产党的领导地位。坚持党的领导，是社会主义法治的根本要求，是党和国家的根本所在、命脉所在，是全国各族人民的利益所系、幸福所系，是全面推进依法治国的题中应有之义。党的领导和社会主义法治是一致的，社会主义法治必须坚持党的领导，党的领导必须依靠社会主义法治。只有在党的领导下依法治国、厉行法治，人民当家作主才能充分实现，国家和社会生活法治化才能有序推进。依法执政，既要求党依据宪法法律治国理政，也要求党依据党内法规管党治党。

It was stressed at the session that the Party’s leadership is the most essential feature of socialism with Chinese characteristics and the most fundamental guarantee for socialist rule of law in China. The need to exercise the Party’s leadership throughout the whole process and in every aspect of the law-based governance of the country is a basic lesson we have learned in developing socialist rule of law in China.

The position of leadership of the CPC is written into China’s Constitution. Upholding the Party’s leadership is fundamental to socialist rule of law; it is the foundation and lifeblood of both the Party and the country, affects the interests and wellbeing of people of all China’s ethnic groups, and is an integral part of our efforts to comprehensively advance the law-based governance of the country. The Party’s leadership is consistent with socialist rule of law: socialist rule of law must uphold the Party’s leadership, while the Party’s leadership must rely upon socialist rule of law.

Only through the law-based governance of China and insisting on the rule of law, both under the leadership of the Party, can we ensure that the people fully act as masters of the country, and can we steadily increase the level of rule of law in the country and in society. To exercise state power based on law, the Party not only has to govern the country in accordance with the Constitution and laws, but also has to ensure that its self-governance is in line with its own rules and regulations.

全会明确了全面推进依法治国的重大任务，这就是：完善以宪法为核心的中国特色社会主义法律体系，加强宪法实施；深入推进依法行政，加快建设法治政府；保证公正司法，提高司法公信力；增强全民法治观念，推进法治社会建设；加强法治工作队伍建设；加强和改进党对全面推进依法治国的领导。

It was made clear at the session that the major tasks of comprehensively advancing the law-based governance of the country are as follows:

· to improve the socialist system of laws with Chinese characteristics, at the heart of which is the Constitution, and strengthen the implementation of the Constitution;

· to thoroughly advance the administration of government on the basis of the law and accelerate our efforts to build a rule of law government;

· to ensure judicial impartiality and improve judicial credibility;

· to strengthen the notion of the rule of law among all Chinese people and drive forward the development of a rule of law society;

· to raise the level of competence of rule of law professionals; and

· to strengthen and improve the Party’s leadership over efforts to comprehensively advance the law-based governance of the country.