石泽·《端正历史认知方能重建信任》（中英对照）

中文版：端正历史认知方能重建信任.doc

英文版：Japan at the Crossroads.doc 

注：中英文并非逐一对照。

端正历史认知方能重建信任

Japan at the Crossroads

 

石泽

By Shi Ze

 

事关人类生死存亡、以正义战胜邪恶而告终的中国人民抗日战争暨世界反法西斯战争，结束70年了。在70年漫长历史进程中，总体而言，国际社会对这场战争性质的认识不断深化，对一些国家在这场战争中犯下的罪行以及所应当承担的责任作出了明确的结论。

 

It has been 70 years since the ending of the world’s anti-Fascist war and the Chinese People’s War of Resistance Against Japanese aggression. As for atrocities committed by certain countries in the war and the responsibilities they should undertake, the international community has reached a clear conclusion.

 

德国不仅以正确的历史认知和负责任的行动洗刷战争罪行，而且用法律的形式严防战争幽灵死灰复燃。然而，另一个战争发动国日本，却在事关国际公理和国际正义的大是大非问题上摇摆不定、满腹纠结，日本一些极端政治势力公然喧嚣要清算历史，甚至堂而皇之地谈论“历史战”中的取胜之道。

 

Germany, as a major Axis power and a defeated nation, admitted its war crimes and took a responsible stance on history. Moreover, the German Government has committed itself to preventing a resurgence of the ghost of war through legislation. In contrast, war perpetrator Japan consistently attempts to whitewash its wartime past. Some radical political forces in Japan even express wishes to reverse historical verdicts and openly discuss ways to achieve their objectives.

 

不同的历史观决定了德国和日本不同的行为方式，不同的行为方式造就了这两个国家不同的国际处境。德国不仅和昔日战场上的对手实现了和解，而且成为欧洲一体化进程中的发动机。日本则未能走出错误历史观的误区，不时扮演着地区稳定“问题制造者”角色，无法同亚洲邻国建立起信任关系。

 

Differing interpretations of history show that Germany and Japan choose different paths, and the two countries thus have differing international reputations. Germany has not only achieved reconciliation with its rivals in the past, but also played an important role in the European integration process. By refusing to acknowledge historical facts, Japan jeopardizes regional stability and fails to build mutual trust with Asian neighbors.

 

在“70周年”这个特殊的年份，历史问题是无法回避的。这也是酝酿中的日本领导人有关历史问题谈话一个不容忽视的背景。日本领导人是拿出勇气担负起前人罪行所带来的历史责任，夯实走好和平发展道路的根基？还是淡化反省意识，用所谓的“国际贡献”“和解之路”和“大国主义宣言”掩饰对“村山谈话”精神的背弃？这是日本国内各派政治力量交锋的核心问题，也是国际社会密切关注的焦点。

 

On the occasion of the 70th anniversary of the victory of World War II (WWII), the historical issue cannot be avoided. Japanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe, ahead of his upcoming commemoration speech, must make a choice between two different paths. Will he be courageous enough to admit the atrocities of militarist Japan in WWII and lay a solid foundation for peaceful development in the future? Or will he fall short of living up to the responsibility of reflecting on history? Various political forces in Japan have been fighting over these issues, which are also of concern to the international community.

 

“如果去掉（对殖民统治和侵略的反省和道歉）关键词，不仅是对中国和韩国，对美关系也会产生不必要的反面效果”；

 

“没有反省，就无法面对未来”……

 

日本有识之士的担忧和警告有着强烈的现实针对性。

 

Many insightful Japanese people have stood up, warning “if key words (of apology for colonial rule and aggression) are removed from Abe’s commemoration speech, it will have a negative effect on bilateral relations with China and South Korea, and the Japan-U.S. ties will also be affected.”

 

Many others have voiced their concerns, saying that “unless Japan reflects on history, we cannot face the future.”

 

就围绕日本领导人有关历史问题的谈话展开的激烈辩论，《产经新闻》发表了一篇题为《试问谁是冷战的胜利者？》的文章。作者不仅提出“原本就不应该过分强调战败70周年”的“另一种视角”，而且反复指出日本是“实际上可以说是第三次世界大战的冷战”的“胜利者”。尽管文章表述有些隐晦，其立论却是再清楚不过的——日本是胜利者而非战败者，胜者没有理由也不应该反省和道歉。

 

As for Abe’s upcoming statement, Japan’s leading newspaper The Sankei Shimbun recently published an article entitled “Who Is the Victor of the Cold War?” The author pointed out an “alternative perspective” in the article, which downplays the 70th anniversary of Japan’s defeat. Moreover, the author claimed that Japan was actually the victor of the Cold War, which could be regarded as “World War III.” Although the article seems ambiguous and veiled, its viewpoint is clear--Japan is a victor not a loser. Thus, the author believes there is no reason for a victor to reflect on history and apologize.

 

“另一种视角”或许有些极端，但的确为理清某些日本人纠结于历史问题的思想脉络提供了注脚：想卸掉历史问题包袱，却不肯直面历史问题，拒绝反思错误历史观，煞有介事地找出一些根本站不住脚的说辞给自己打气，甚至将破坏地区信任氛围的责任推到日本军国主义侵略战争受害国身上，指责亚洲邻国无休止打“历史牌”中伤日本国际形象。

 

The so-called “alternative perspective” might be somewhat radical. But it offers a footnote for understanding why some Japanese people have resisted abandoning their historical bias. They want to relieve the historical burden but they refuse to take an honest view of that history. Instead of reflecting on historical mistakes, they resort to sophistry with untenable evidence. Much worse, they even shift the responsibility for disrupting regional trust and security to neighbors that suffered from Japan’s aggression in WWII, accusing neighbors of using the historical issue as a tool to tarnish Japan’s international reputation.

 

“对过去的清算是实现战后和解的前提。”这是德国总理默克尔本月初访问日本时讲过的一句话。

 

During her visit to Japan on March 9, German Chancellor Angela Merkel gave Abe a polite reminder by discussing her country’s way of facing up to the crimes carried out under Nazi rule. She added that this was a precondition for reconciliation with the countries and peoples that had suffered from German aggression.

 

像日本这样一个发动过侵略战争、制造过巨大灾难的国家，要想获得亚洲邻国的宽恕，首先要完成自我救赎。由着性子伤害亚洲邻国人民的感情，不断挑战国际公理和国际正义，却要求亚洲邻国的理解和信任，世界上实在没有这样的道理。2015年对日本同亚洲邻国的关系是检验，也是机遇，关键要看日本有什么样的作为。

 

Japan should first reflect on its historical mistakes if it wants to be forgiven by its Asian neighbors. Given the fact that it has been constantly hurting the feelings of Asian peoples and harming international justice with provocative remarks and acts, Japan is hard-pressed to win its Asian neighbors’ understanding and trust. How will Japan’s relations with its Asian neighbors develop in 2015-will it move forward or backward? The world awaits Japan’s answer.

 

70年前，日本输掉了战争。70年后的今天，日本不应再输掉良知。

 

Seventy years ago, Japan lost a war. Today, Japan should not lose another war of conscience.