田学军大使在南非《思想者》杂志上的署名文章《中非携手 共同发展》（中英对照）

中非携手 共同发展

Working Together for Common Development

田学军

Tian Xuejun

二十一世纪已走过十五个年头，中国和非洲的快速发展，无疑是过去十多年来国际上最重要的事件之一。过去十多年，也是中非关系快速发展的黄金时期，双方传统友谊进一步巩固，政治互信日益提升，各领域务实合作不断深化，在国际和地区事务中的协调与合作不断加强，中国与非洲已结成休戚与共的命运共同体，一个不断发展进步的中国，必将为非洲提供重要而广阔的发展机遇，一个崛起和复兴的非洲，也将为中国的发展提供重要助力。

The first 15 years of the 21st century have witnessed fast development in China and Africa, which is no doubt one of the most significant events in the world in this period of time. It was also a golden age for the rapid growth of China-Africa relationships. China and Africa have become a community of shared destiny, with deepened traditional friendship, increased political mutual trust, closer practical cooperation in various areas, and strengthened coordination and cooperation in international and regional affairs.

A developing China will for sure bring enormous development opportunities to Africa, while an emerging and rejuvenating Africa will in turn inject an important impetus into China’s development.

一、中国发展新态势将给世界和非洲带来新机遇

New opportunities for Africa and the world arising from the new development momentum in China

新中国成立66年来，特别是改革开放30多年来，中国取得了举世瞩目的发展成就。2012年中国共产党十八大以来，以习近平为总书记的新一届中央领导集体提出了一系列治国理政的新思路、新政策、新举措，全面推动中国发展进入新境界。当今的中国，正站在新的历史起点上，以一个崭新的面貌展现在世界面前，主要体现在：

In the past 66 years, since the founding of New China, and particularly in the past 30 years since the launch of the reform and opening-up programme, China has scored remarkable achievements in its development. After the Eighteenth National Congress of the Communist Party of China (CPC) in 2012, the new central leadership, with Xi Jinping as General Secretary, has put forth a new vision, and introduced new policies and measures on governance. Thus China is now standing at a new historical starting point with brand new features.

——一个更加成熟自信的中国。中国开创和发展了中国特色社会主义道路，不仅为中华民族伟大复兴提供了重要制度保障，也为人类社会走向美好未来提供了值得借鉴的道路和制度选择。66年来，中国的社会生产力、综合国力实现了历史性跨越，国内生产总值从1949年的180亿美元增长到2013年的9.24万亿美元，人民生活水平实现了从贫困到温饱再到总体小康。中国从来没有像今天这样如此接近民族复兴的目标。过去的实践证明，我们的道路选对了，我们的制度选对了，我们要坚定不移地沿着中国特色社会主义道路走下去。展望未来，中国人民对实现“两个一百年”奋斗目标满怀期待，对实现中华民族伟大复兴的“中国梦”充满信心。

China is more mature and confident. China has initiated and embarked on a path of socialism with Chinese characteristics, which serves not only as an important institutional guarantee for the great renewal of the Chinese nation, but also as a pathway and system that others may choose when striving for a better future for human society. In the past 66 years, China has made historic progress in social productivity and overall national strength. Its GDP increased from $18 billion in 1949 to $9.24 trillion in 2013, and its people were first lifted out of poverty, and then had enough food and clothing, and now enjoy a life of initial prosperity. China has never been closer to the goal of national renewal than it is today. What we have achieved proves that we have chosen correctly and we should therefore stay committed to the path of socialism with Chinese characteristics.

Looking ahead, the Chinese people aspire to reach the two centenary goals, namely, to complete the building of a moderately prosperous society in all respects when the CPC celebrates its centenary in 2021, and to turn China into a modern socialist country that is prosperous, strong, democratic, culturally advanced and harmonious when the People’s Republic of China celebrates its centenary in 2049. We have full confidence in realising the Chinese dream of the great renewal of the Chinese nation.

——一个全面深化改革的中国。改革开放以来，中国经济创造了一个又一个奇迹，无数次证明了，改革是发展的不竭动力。中国下一步的可持续发展同样要向改革要动力、向结构调整要潜力。2013年中国共产党十八届三中全会作出了全面深化改革的战略部署，目标是完善和发展中国特色社会主义制度，推进国家治理体系和治理能力现代化。此轮改革是涵盖经济、政治、文化、社会和生态文明等领域的全方位改革，包括55项重大改革任务和300多条重大改革措施，其范围之广、程度之深、难度之大均前所未有。经济体制改革是本轮改革重点，核心是处理好政府与市场的关系，加快转变政府职能，使市场在资源配置中起决定性作用。同时，也要积极协调推进其他各领域改革。目前，有关改革举措已初显成效。2014年前三季度，中国经济增长7.4%，是世界主要经济体中增长最快的，且质量和效益显著提高，城镇新增就业1000万人，登记失业率只有4.07%。未来，随着改革不断引向深入，改革红利将进一步释放。

China is deepening reform in all respects. Since the launch of reform and opening up, China’s economy has achieved one miracle after another, proving time and again that reform is the inexhaustible driving force for development. China’s sustainable development in the future must also be driven by reform and structural adjustment. The Third Plenum of the 18th CPC Central Committee in 2013 made the strategic decision to deepen China’s reforms comprehensively, continuing to improve and develop the socialist system with Chinese characteristics, and modernise and capacitate the national governance system.

The new round of reform covers economic, political, cultural, social and ecological dimensions. Featuring 55 major tasks and more than 300 major measures, the reform is unprecedented in terms of scope, depth and difficulty. Its priority is the reform of the economic structure, the essence of which is to handle well the relationship between market and government, speed up the transformation of government functions and enable the market to play a decisive role in the allocation of resources.

In the meantime, it is important to promote reform in other areas. The reform measures have delivered initial results. In the first three quarters of 2014, China’s economy grew at a rate of 7.4%, faster than all other major economies, and the quality and efficiency of growth also improved remarkably; 10 million new jobs were created in urban areas, with the registered unemployment rate standing at only 4.07%. Further deepening of the reform in the future will generate even more benefits.

——一个更加民主法治的中国。当前，如何维护社会稳定成为中国共产党和政府需要认真思考的重要课题。去年10月结束的中国共产党十八届四中全会给出的答案就是全面推进依法治国，坚持在法治轨道上统筹社会力量、平衡社会利益、调和社会关系、规范社会行为，确保社会健康稳定发展。全会提出了建设中国特色社会主义法治体系、建设社会主义法治国家的目标，标志着中国法治建设进入崭新阶段。全面推进依法治国，主要包括六方面举措：一是完善以宪法为核心的中国特色社会主义法律体系，加强宪法实施；二是深入依法行政，加快建设法治政府；三是保证公正司法，提高司法公信力；四是增强全民法治观念，推进法治社会建设；五是增强法治工作队伍建设；六是加强和改进党对全面推进依法治国的领导。需要强调的是，中国特色社会主义法治与西方“宪政”有着本质的区别。西方宪政强调国家权力的分权制衡、轮流执政、集团分利。中国特色社会主义法治的核心和关键是坚持共产党的领导，把执政党领导权、人民当家作主和依法治国高度统一，鼓励国家权力为人民谋求福利。在中国这样一个有着13亿人口的发展中大国全面推进依法治国，是中国国家治理领域一场广泛而深刻的革命，必将对中国发展产生重大而深远的影响，也将为世界其他国家提供有益经验。

China is a more democratic country under the rule of law. How to maintain social stability is an important task that requires serious thinking for the CPC and the Chinese government. To accomplish this task, the Fourth Plenum of the 18th CPC Central Committee held last October decided to: comprehensively promote the rule of law; mobilise social resources, balance social interests, reconcile social relationships and promote norms of social conduct based on the rule of law; and ensure the sound and steady development of the society. The plenary session put forth the goal of building a system serving the socialist rule of law with Chinese characteristics and a country under the socialist rule of law. This means that China into a new stage of building the rule of law in China.

This effort to comprehensively promote the rule of law focuses on the following six aspects: improve a socialist system of laws with Chinese characteristics in which the Constitution is the core, and strengthen the implementation of the Constitution; promote administration by law and speed up building a law-based government; safeguard judicial justice and improve judicial credibility; improve the public awareness of the rule of law and enhance the building of a law-based society; build the ranks of legal workers; and strengthen the CPC’s leadership in pushing forward the rule of law.

It is important to emphasise the distinction between the socialist rule of law with Chinese characteristics and Western constitutionalism. The latter stresses balance of power, electoral politics and interest groups. The core of the socialist rule of law with Chinese characteristics, however, is the CPC leadership. It integrates the leading power of the ruling party, the dominant role of the people and the principle of the rule of law, and encourages the use of state power in pursuit of benefits for the people. To comprehensively advance the rule of law in China, a large developing country with 1.3 billion people, is an extensive and profound revolution in the field of national governance. It will surely have far-reaching significance for China’s development and provide useful experience that we can share with other countries.

——一个日益开放包容的中国。在全球化的今天，中国的发展越来越离不开世界，世界的发展也越来越离不开中国。改革开放以来，中国从政策性试点到制度性融合，逐步形成了全方位、高层次的开放格局。中国的发展为世界的发展与繁荣作出了重要贡献。1980-2012年，中国GDP年均增速达到近10%，对世界经济增长贡献率平均达到13.4%，2013年更达到近30%。2003-2013年，中国平均每年进口7500亿美元商品，相当于为贸易伙伴创造了1400多万个就业岗位。2013年，中国对外直接投资流量创下1078.4亿美元的历史新高，连续两年位列全球三大对外投资国；中国境外企业（含金融类）向投资所在国缴纳的各种税金总额达370亿美元，聘用当地员工96.7万人。预计未来5年，中国将进口10万亿美元商品，出境旅游规模将达到5亿人次。未来10年,中国对外直接投资将达到1.25万亿美元。除了经贸合作，中国也为推进世界文明多样化作出贡献，历史悠久、博大精深的中国文化越来越受到世界各国人民的喜爱。

China pursues more inclusive opening up. In the age of globalisation, China is increasingly in need of the world for its development, and the world also needs China for its prosperity. China’s opening up has come a long way. From policy trials to institutional harmonisation, China has gradually formed a high-level and all-dimensional opening-up structure. China’s development is a great contribution to the development and prosperity of the world. Between 1980 and 2012, China’s GDP registered an average annual growth at about 10%, with the contribution rate to world economic growth rate averaged at 13.4%, which in 2013 reached a record high of nearly 30%. During the decade from 2003 to 2013, China imported an average of $750 billion of goods per year, which is equivalent to creating more than 14 million jobs for its trading partners. China’s foreign direct investment (FDI) reached a record high of $107.84 billion in 2013. China has been one of the top three FDI investors for the past two consecutive years. Chinese enterprises abroad (including those in the financial sector) have paid $37 billion of tax to local governments, and hired 967,000 local employees. It is anticipated that in five years, China will import $10 trillion of goods, 500 million Chinese people will travel abroad, and its FDI will reach $1.25 trillion in ten years. In addition to business cooperation, China has also contributed to the diversity of civilisations. The time-honoured history and rich culture of China are becoming increasingly popular and attractive to scholars and tourists across the world.

事实证明，中国越发展、越开放，越能给世界带来机遇。中国将始终不渝走和平发展道路，推进互利共赢的开放战略，继续做世界和平与地区稳定的维护者、世界经济增长的重要贡献者以及全球治理体系改革的积极参与者。中国和非洲都是充满活力的热土。近10年来，“非洲速度”令世人瞩目，“非洲机遇论”不断升温，非洲已成为世界政治、经济、文明“三个一极”。“中国发展”携手“非洲机遇”，必将创造出令世人瞩目的奇迹。

What has happened proves that a better developed and more open China means more opportunities for the world. China will unswervingly pursue peaceful development, promote the mutually-beneficial opening-up strategy and continue to uphold world peace and regional stability, contribute to world economic growth and participate in global governance reform. China and Africa are both promising land-masses full of vitality and diversity. In the past decade, Africa’sgrowth has drawn the attention of the international community. Africa has indeed become a pole in three aspects: world politics, economy and civilisation. The fusion of Chinese development and African opportunities will surely create remarkable miracles.

二、携手非洲、共同发展，始终是中国对非政策的出发点和落脚点

China-Africa cooperation for common development

相似的历史遭遇让中国与非洲具有天然的亲近感，相似的发展目标使中国与非洲成为前进道路上天然的同盟军。中国与非洲始终是患难与共、风雨同舟的好朋友、好伙伴、好兄弟。

Working together with Africa for common development has always been a goal of China’s foreign policy towards Africa. China and Africa enjoy natural affinity because of similar historical experience and our similar development goals have made us natural partners in the way forward. China and Africa are always good friends, good partners and good brothers sharing weal and woe.

——情相系。中非友好交往源远流长。明朝郑和下西洋到达过非洲东海岸，这一海上丝绸之路将中国与非洲的命运紧紧地联系在一起。中国不会忘记，非洲兄弟载歌载舞庆祝中国重返联合国。非洲兄弟也没有忘记，在反帝反殖、争取民族独立的正义斗争中中国给予的大力支持。中非友谊经历了血与火的考验，也经历了国际风云变幻的考验。同呼吸、共命运的兄弟情谊，是值得双方永远珍惜的宝贵财富，也是中非关系未来发展的不竭源泉。

China and Africa are connected by friendship. China and Africa enjoy a long-standing friendship. Zheng He, a Chinese explorer in the Ming Dynasty, arrived at the east coast of Africa during his voyage to the west, and the maritime Silk Road he opened up has since linked the destinies of China and Africa. China will never forget how our African brothers celebrated China’s restoration of its lawful seat in the United Nations with dance and singing. African brothers and sisters, likewise, have not forgotten China’s strong support for their efforts to fight imperialism and colonialism and seek national independence. The friendship between China and Africa has been tested by strife and wars as well as great changes in the world. The brotherhood of shared destiny is a valuable asset that we should always cherish.

——梦相通。中国新一届领导集体提出了“中国梦”，带领中国人民在中华民族伟大复兴的征途上奋力前行。非盟也制定了2063年远景规划，绘制了非洲发展的宏伟蓝图。中国梦和非洲梦的目标，都是国家富强、民族振兴、人民幸福。中非合作将推动双方梦想成真。

China and Africa share common aspirations. The new leadership of China has put forward the vision of the Chinese dream and is leading the Chinese people in forging ahead for the great renewal of the Chinese nation. The African Union has drawn up the Agenda 2063, which is an ambitious blueprint for Africa’s development. The common goal of both the Chinese dream and the African dream is strength and prosperity of the many countries, revitalisation of the nations and happiness of the people. China-Africa cooperation will help make our dreams come true.

——心相连。国之交在于民相亲，民相亲在于心相连。2008年中国汶川特大地震发生后，非洲国家克服自身困难、纷纷伸出援手，这份情谊感人至深。中国政府和人民也始终关注非洲发展，心系非洲人民健康。当前，埃博拉疫情在西非部分国家肆虐，中国在短短几个月内已承诺并执行四轮援助，总额达7.5亿元人民币，700多名中国防疫专家和医护人员与非洲同行一道奋战在抗疫第一线，及时帮助非洲打造地区卫生防疫体系，充分体现了中非人民之间的真情厚谊。

China and Africa are close to each other in hearts. The key to sound relations between countries lies in the amity among their peoples, which is based on the closeness in their hearts. We were deeply moved by African countries who offered China a helping hand, despite their own difficulties, when a massive earthquake struck Wenchuan, China in 2008. The Chinese government and people have always cared about African development and the health situation in Africa. Within a few months after the outbreak of Ebola epidemic in some West African countries, China announced and delivered four tranches of aid worth 750 million yuan. Now over 700 Chinese epidemic prevention experts and medical staff are working hand in hand with their African colleagues in the affected countries to fight the disease and establish regional epidemic prevention system. This fully demonstrates the true friendship between our peoples.

——利与共。习近平主席2013年3月访非时，提出“真、实、亲、诚”对非合作理念。李克强总理去年访非时提出了包括三大网络（高速铁路网络、高速公路网络、区域航空网络）和六大重点领域（产业合作、金融合作、减贫合作、生态环保合作、人文交流合作、和平安全合作）在内的新的对非合作框架，全面开启中非合作升级版。目前，在中非合作论坛的引领和推动下，中非在发展、投融资、非洲一体化、和平与安全、民间交往等领域的合作加速推进，发展思路更加清晰，利益交融更加密切。

China-Africa cooperation is mutually beneficial. During his visit to Africa in March 2013, President Xi Jinping put forward the guiding principle of “sincerity, real results, affinity and good faith” for China’s cooperation with Africa. When Premier Li Keqiang visited Africa last year, he proposed a new framework of China-Africa cooperation, including a three-dimensional transport network and six projects (industrial, financial, poverty reduction, ecological and environmental protection, cultural and people-to-people exchanges, peace and security),which marked a comprehensive upgrading of China-Africa cooperation. At present, guided and propelled by the Forum on China-Africa Cooperation (FOCAC), our cooperation in areas such as development, investment and financing, African integration, peace and security, and people-to-people exchanges is forging ahead with greater speed, clearer development strategies, and broader converging interests.