无锡市第五届翻译比赛决赛试题及参考答案（专科组）

一、英译中 <?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" />

试题1

Andrew Carnegie

Andrew Carnegie, known as the King of Steel, built the steel industry in the United States, and, in the process, became one of the wealthiest men in America. His success resulted in part from his ability to sell the product and in part from his policy of expanding during periods of economic decline, when most of his competitors were reducing their investments. Carnegie believed that individuals should progress through hard work, but he also felt strongly that the wealthy should use their fortunes for the benefit of society. “He who dies rich, dies disgraced,” he often said. Among his contributions to society are those that bear his name, including the Carnegie Institute of Pittsburgh, which has a library, a museum of fine arts, and a museum of national history. He also founded a school of technology that is now part of Carnegie-Mellon University. Other philanthropic gifts are the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace to promote understanding between nations, the Carnegie Institute of Washington to fund scientific research, and Carnegie Hall to provide a center for the arts. Few Americans have been left untouched by Andrew Carnegie’s generosity.

参考答案

安德鲁•卡内基

被称作钢铁大王的安德鲁•卡耐基在美国建立了钢铁工业。在这个过程中，他变成了美国最富有的人之一。他的成功，部分源于他销售产品的能力，部分源于他在经济萧条时期的扩充策略，而当时他的多数对手都在缩减投资。卡耐基认为个人应该通过努力工作来获得进步，但他也强烈地认为有钱人应该运用他们的财富来为社会谋取福利。卡耐基经常说：“富有着死去的人死得可耻。”他对社会的重要贡献都以他的名字命名，其中包括匹兹堡卡耐基学校。这个学校有一个图书馆，一个美术馆和一个国家历史博物馆；他还创立了一所技术学校，这所学校现在是卡耐基-梅隆大学的一部分；其他的慈善捐赠有为促进国家间了解的“卡耐基国际和平基金”，为科学研究提供经费的华盛顿卡耐基学院以及给各种艺术活动提供活动中心的卡耐基音乐厅。安德鲁•卡耐基的慷慨大度几乎影响到每个美国人的生活。

试题2

Is e-mail a blessing or a curse? Last month, after a week’s vacation, I discovered 1,218 unread e-mail messages waiting in my IN box. I pretend to be dismayed, but secretly I was pleased. This is how we measure our wired worth in the late 1990s — if you aren’t overwhelmed by e-mail, you must be doing something wrong.

E-mail is enabling radically new forms of worldwide human collaboration. Those 225 million people who can send and receive it represent a network of potentially cooperating individuals dwarfing anything that even the mightiest corporation or government. Mailing-list discussion groups and online conferencing allow us to gather together to work on a multitude of projects that are interesting or helpful to us — to pool our collective efforts in a fashion never before possible. The most obvious place to see this collaboration right now is in the world of software. For decades, programmers have used e-mail to collaborate on projects. With increasing frequency, this collaboration is occurring across company lines, and often without even the spur of commercial incentives. It’s happening largely because it can — it’s relatively easy for a thousand programmers to collectively contribute to a project using e-mail and the Internet. Perhaps each individual contribution is small, but the scale of the Internet multiplies all efforts dramatically.

参考答案

电子邮件是福是祸？电子邮件是福是祸？上个月，在一周休假之后，我在收件箱中发现了1,218封未读邮件。我假装气恼，却暗自窃喜。如果你没被电子邮件淹没，你一定是出了问题 —— 这就是20世纪90年代末我们衡量自身有线价值的方式。

电子邮件使全球范围内人际合作的全新模式成为可能。那2亿2千5百万能够收发邮件的人群代表了一个可能参与合作的众多个体的网络。该网络聚集人数之多使得任何大公司或政府机构相形见绌。收件人讨论小组以及在线会议使我们能就许多有趣或有助的项目通力合作，以一种全新的方式集思广益。目前这种合作最易发生在计算机的程序系统里。几十年来，编程员利用电子邮件在各个项目上相互协作。随着合作日趋频繁，合作本身已超越公司的界线，而且常常不受商业利诱的驱使。这是因为成百上千的编程员通过电子邮件或网络就一项目全力协作相对来说要容易些。个人的力量也许很渺小，但是因特网的规模使得众人的力量无限放大。

二、中译英 （考生从下面两段中自主选择一段作答即可）

试题1

中国是一个发展中国家，人口众多、经济发展水平低、气候条件复杂、生态环境脆弱，易受气候变化的不利影响。气候变化对中国自然生态系统和经济社会发展带来了现实的威胁，主要体现在农牧业、林业、自然生态系统、水资源等领域以及沿海和生态脆弱地区，适应气候变化已成为中国的迫切任务。同时，中国正处于经济快速发展阶段，面临着发展经济、消除贫困和减缓温室气体排放的多重压力，应对气候变化的形势严峻，任务繁重。

参考答案

As a developing country with a large population, a relatively low level of economic development, a complex climate and a fragile eco-environment, China is vulnerable to the adverse effects of climate change, which has brought substantial threats to the natural ecosystems as well as the economic and social development of the country. These threats are particularly pressing in the fields of agriculture (farming), livestock breeding (husbandry), forestry, natural ecosystems and water resources, and in the coastal and eco-fragile zones. Therefore, China’s priority task at present is to adapt itself to climate change. The multiple pressures of developing the economy, eliminating poverty and mitigating the emissions of greenhouse gases constitute difficulties for China in its efforts to cope with climate change, since the country is undergoing rapid economic development.

试题2

不能简单地用“软”和“硬”来界定中国的外交。国际上特别是西方一些人指责中国外交强硬了，不像过去好说话。但是国内一些舆论又说我们的外交太软，主张“亮剑”，要求教训一些国家。这本身就表明，从不同的角度看中国外交可能会得出不同的结论。不能说动枪动炮才是硬，通过对话谈判解决分歧就是软。中国人讲刚柔相济，也就是说，“柔”和“刚”是一枚硬币的两个面。就像一个人有温和的时候也有发怒的时候，一支军队有勇往直前的时候也有迂回周旋的时候。斗争和妥协都不是外交的目的，也不是评判外交好坏的标准，而只是实现外交目标的方式和选项。这就要求我们该斗争时斗争，该合作时合作，该周旋时周旋。智慧比拳头更重要。

参考答案

China’s diplomacy cannot be labeled simply as “soft” or “hard-line”. Some people in the world, especially in Western countries, accuse China of becoming more assertive in diplomacy not as easygoing as before. But some in China say that China’s diplomacy is too “soft” and should “show our sword” to teach certain countries a lesson. We can see that different perspectives can lead people to different conclusions. I don’t think only the use of force can make diplomacy strong, or dialogue and negotiation only make diplomacy “soft”. We Chinese believe in combining firmness and flexibility, which is to say that “firmness” and “flexibility” are two sides of a coin. A man may be gentle at one time but angry at another time. Sometimes an army needs to march forward bravely while at other times it needs to avoid a direct confrontation. Confrontation and compromise are not the goals of diplomacy, nor are they the yardstick for our diplomatic work. They are just means to achieve our diplomatic goals or options we can choose from. This means we just know when to fight, when to cooperate and when to avoid direct confrontation. Wisdom is way more important than fists.