经济金融术语汉英对照表

M 

买方市场 buyer’s market

卖方市场 seller’s market

卖出回购证券 matched sale of repo

贸易差额 trade balance

民间信用 non-institutionalized credit

免二减三 exemption of income tax for the first two years of making profit and 50% tax reduction for the following three years

明补 explicit subsidy

明亏 explicit loss

名牌产品 brand products

母国（请见“东道国”）home country

N 

内部控制 internal control

内部审计 internal audit

内地与香港 the mainland and Hong Kong

内债 domestic debt

扭亏为盈 to turn a loss-making enterprise into a profitable one

扭曲金融分配 distorted allocation of financial resources

农副产品采购支出 outlays for agricultural procurement

农村信用社 rural credit cooperatives (RCCs)

P 

泡沫效应 bubble effect

泡沫经济 bubble economy

培育新的经济增长点 to tap new sources of economic growth

片面追求发展速度 excessive pursuit of growth

平衡发展 balanced development

瓶颈制约 bottleneck (constraints)

平稳回升 steady recovery

铺底流动资金 initial (start-up)working capital

普遍回升 broad-based recovery

配套改革 concomitant (supporting)reforms

配套人民币资金 local currency funding of…

Q 

企业办社会 enterprises burdened with social responsibilities

企业集团战略 corporate group strategy

企业兼并重组 company merger and restructuring

企业领导班子 enterprise management

企业所得税 enterprise (corporate)income tax

企业效益 corporate profitability

企业资金违规流入股市 irregular flow of enterprise funds into the stock market

欠税 tax arrears

欠息 overdue interest

强化税收征管 to strengthen tax administration

强制措施 enforcement action

翘尾因素 carryover effect

切一刀 partial application

清理收回贷款 clean up and recover loans

（破产）清算 liquidation

倾斜政策 preferential policy

区别对待 differential treatment

趋势加强 intensifying trend

全球化 globalization

权益回报率 returns on equity (ROE)

缺乏后劲 unsustainable momentum

R 

绕规模贷款 to circumvent credit ceiling

人均国内生产总值 per capita GDP

人均收入 per capita income

人民币升值压力 upward pressure on the Renminbi (exchange rate)

认缴资本 subscribed capital

软贷款 soft loans

软预算约束 soft budget constraint

软着陆 soft landing